Article(id=1149773880975384622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309204, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700582400000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-22, revisedDate=1732032000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057054989, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1746633600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057054989, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057054989, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057054989, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149773869357167407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='13', pageStart='5273', pageEnd='5704', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057052207, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456769392, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5384, endPage=5393, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149773881214459959, articleId=1149773880975384622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Optimization of Sugarcane Seed Cutting Tool Parameters Based on Orthogonal Test, columnId=1156262738117649382, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Agricultural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To address the current situation of low flatness, poor cutting quality and cane bud damage at the cane cutter due to insufficient optimization of the structure and motion parameters and installation coordination of the cutting tool of the cane seed cutter. Finite element cutting simulation tests were conducted using single-factor tests on the distance between the cutting edge and the pivot point of the transport roller, tool drop speed, tool installation offset angle, tool front angle and tool back angle of the cane seed cutter to determine the evaluation indexes affecting the cane seed cutting quality and the trend of the influence of each factor on this index. The significant interaction effect of each factor on the evaluation index was analyzed based on the rotating orthogonal test, and the quadratic polynomial regression model of the orthogonal test results was obtained. Combining the agronomic requirements with the cutting characteristics of the tool, the optimal evaluation index was established, the optimized optimal combination of parameters was obtained, and the cutting section simulation test and bench validation test were conducted. The final selection results are as follows: the distance between the incision and the fulcrum is 177.944 mm, the tool landing speed is 1.569 m/s, the tool installation offset angle is 5.923°, the tool front angle is 10.899°, and the tool back angle is 8.637°. The equivalent stress at the incision site and the sugarcane shoot site are 5.053 mm and 1.592 MPa, respectively. The comprehensive analysis error rate is 4.97%. This study can provide a research basis for the optimization of the structure parameters and installation parameters of sugarcane seed cutting knife and its motion parameters, so as to improve the seed cutting quality of cane.

, correspAuthors=Qing-li CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hong-zhen XU, Xiao-long DU, Jiao-di LIU, Qing-li CHEN, Man-lin SHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149773908875895737, articleId=1149773880975384622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=基于旋转正交试验的甘蔗切种刀具参数优化, columnId=1156262738235089896, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·农业科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对甘蔗切种时,由于蔗种切种机的切种刀具的结构与运动参数及安装协调优化不足,存在蔗种切口处平整度低、切割质量差且蔗芽损伤的现状。采用单因素试验对甘蔗切种机的切口与运移滚筒支点间距、刀具落点速度、刀具安装偏移角、刀具前角、刀具背角进行有限元切割仿真试验,确定影响蔗种切割质量的评价指标及各因素对该指标的影响趋势。基于旋转正交试验分析各因素对评价指标显著的交互作用,获得正交试验结果的二次多项式回归模型。结合农艺要求与刀具切种特性,建立最优的评价指标,获得优化后的最优参数组合,并对其进行切段仿真试验与台架验证试验。最终优选结果为:切口与支点间距177.944 mm、刀具落点速度1.569 m/s、刀具安装偏移角5.923°、刀具前角10.899°、刀具背角8.637°;切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力分别为5.053 mm和1.592 MPa。分析综合误差率为4.97%。该研究可为甘蔗切种刀的结构参数与安装参数及其运动参数的优化提供研究基础,以提高蔗种的切种质量。

, correspAuthors=陈庆立, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 陈庆立(1997—),男,汉族,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:
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许洪振(1976—),男,汉族,河南驻马店人,硕士,正高级实验师。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:

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许洪振(1976—),男,汉族,河南驻马店人,硕士,正高级实验师。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:

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许洪振(1976—),男,汉族,河南驻马店人,硕士,正高级实验师。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:

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1为气压泵;2为控制系统;3为斩切装置;4为运移滚轮;5为甘蔗整杆;6为运移箱体;7为检测识别单元;8为机架;9为驱动电机

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1为刀具;2为运移滚轮;3为甘蔗;4为蔗芽

, figureFileSmall=W7nkYU6GOKZGD/ZdYy5YMw==, figureFileBig=efm09eci5UC4t6lz/NL5rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980365390631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Simulation of cutting experiment process, figureFileSmall=wf6K09RI56VR5StBMXygwg==, figureFileBig=C5aaWpZFrpre7DMypnKBUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980457665320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=图3, caption=仿真切割试验过程, figureFileSmall=wf6K09RI56VR5StBMXygwg==, figureFileBig=C5aaWpZFrpre7DMypnKBUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980507996969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Single-factor experimental results, figureFileSmall=1yjvjZpvbVMABYA6TDB/Ng==, figureFileBig=uH8r3pQPcht2fhcyI69WcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980575105834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=图4, caption=单因素实验结果, figureFileSmall=1yjvjZpvbVMABYA6TDB/Ng==, figureFileBig=uH8r3pQPcht2fhcyI69WcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980646409003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Interaction effect response surface, figureFileSmall=jgTDbyYCtET54XjbXN+8WQ==, figureFileBig=j4InRONAoOtxnbx78f3LBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980713517868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=图5, caption=交互效应响应曲面, figureFileSmall=jgTDbyYCtET54XjbXN+8WQ==, figureFileBig=j4InRONAoOtxnbx78f3LBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980864512813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Cloud map of simulation results, figureFileSmall=BIPQ7tXKexYT6iEZrfz/Ig==, figureFileBig=l41wNWb06GEmeRKxS+rQPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113980940010286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=图6, caption=仿真试验结果分布云图, figureFileSmall=BIPQ7tXKexYT6iEZrfz/Ig==, figureFileBig=l41wNWb06GEmeRKxS+rQPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113981011313455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Cutting tool machining installation and bench verification test, figureFileSmall=EZIHU/w21bvaBQ4ZxHfFdQ==, figureFileBig=a8dI95aZVe6dCKlFxhYNUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113981070033712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=图7, caption=切种刀具加工安装与台架验证试验, figureFileSmall=EZIHU/w21bvaBQ4ZxHfFdQ==, figureFileBig=a8dI95aZVe6dCKlFxhYNUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175113981132948273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mean mechanical properties of sugarcane stalks

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值 参数 数值
密度/(kg·m-3) 1 022.9 剪切弹性模量/MPa 171.43
径向弹性模量/MPa 480 拉伸屈服强度/MPa 6.71
泊松比 0.4 剪切屈服强度/MPa 3
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981283943218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

甘蔗茎秆的平均力学特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值 参数 数值
密度/(kg·m-3) 1 022.9 剪切弹性模量/MPa 171.43
径向弹性模量/MPa 480 拉伸屈服强度/MPa 6.71
泊松比 0.4 剪切屈服强度/MPa 3
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981346857779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Factor level table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素
水平
因素
切口与支点
的间距/mm
刀刃落点
速度/
(m·s-1)
刀具安装
偏移角/
(°)
刀具
前角/
(°)
刀具
背角/(°)
1 160 0.4 2 2 2
2 200 0.8 4 4 4
3 240 1 6 7.5 7.5
4 280 2 8 11 11
5 320 3 10 15 15
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981409772340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

因素水平表

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因素
水平
因素
切口与支点
的间距/mm
刀刃落点
速度/
(m·s-1)
刀具安装
偏移角/
(°)
刀具
前角/
(°)
刀具
背角/(°)
1 160 0.4 2 2 2
2 200 0.8 4 4 4
3 240 1 6 7.5 7.5
4 280 2 8 11 11
5 320 3 10 15 15
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Simulation experimental factors and levels

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水平 切口与支点
的间距
A/mm
刀刃落点
速度
B/(m·s-1)
刀具的安装
偏移角
C/(°)
刀具前角
D/(°)
刀具背角
E/(°)
1 160 1 2 4 4
2 200 2 4 7.5 7.5
3 240 3 6 11 11
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981590127414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

仿真试验因素与水平

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水平 切口与支点
的间距
A/mm
刀刃落点
速度
B/(m·s-1)
刀具的安装
偏移角
C/(°)
刀具前角
D/(°)
刀具背角
E/(°)
1 160 1 2 4 4
2 200 2 4 7.5 7.5
3 240 3 6 11 11
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981661430583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of orthogonal experiments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组 支点与切口
间距/mm
刀尖点瞬时
速度/(m·s-1)
刀具安装
偏移角/(°)
刀具前角/
(°)
刀具背角/
(°)
切口处等效
应变/mm
蔗芽处等效
应力/MPa
1 200 2 4 11.0 11.0 3.18 1.47
2 200 3 6 7.5 7.5 9.51 0.69
3 160 2 4 7.5 11.0 3.20 0.89
4 200 3 4 4.0 7.5 6.32 0.82
5 200 1 6 7.5 7.5 8.90 2.53
6 200 2 6 7.5 4.0 2.79 2.37
7 200 1 4 7.5 4.0 9.61 2.51
8 240 2 4 11.0 7.5 3.01 1.48
9 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
10 200 2 2 7.5 1.01 1.65 1.83
11 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
12 160 2 4 4.0 7.5 5.31 1.65
13 240 2 4 7.5 4.0 5.16 2.96
14 200 2 6 11.0 7.5 4.15 0.80
15 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
16 200 1 4 11.0 7.5 8.00 2.36
17 240 2 4 7.5 11.0 2.95 2.29
18 200 2 4 4.0 4.0 4.10 1.83
19 200 1 4 7.5 11.0 6.84 2.33
20 200 2 2 11.0 7.5 5.66 2.05
21 200 2 4 4.0 11.0 5.86 0.93
22 200 3 4 11.0 7.5 11.15 1.35
23 240 2 6 7.5 7.5 6.05 1.27
24 200 2 6 7.5 11.0 6.29 0.90
25 240 2 4 4.0 7.5 5.20 1.61
26 200 2 2 7.5 4.0 8.60 2.12
27 160 3 4 7.5 7.5 7.57 0.79
28 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
29 160 2 6 7.5 7.5 3.50 1.71
30 200 3 4 7.5 11.0 8.96 0.71
31 160 2 4 11.0 7.5 6.36 1.53
32 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
33 160 1 4 7.5 7.5 10.88 3.59
34 200 3 2 7.5 7.5 8.45 1.96
35 240 1 4 7.5 7.5 5.02 2.45
36 160 2 4 7.5 4.0 6.79 1.37
37 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
38 200 3 4 7.5 4.0 8.53 1.36
39 200 2 6 4.0 7.5 6.40 1.53
40 200 2 4 11.0 4.0 7.67 1.27
41 240 3 4 7.5 7.5 10.08 1.93
42 160 2 2 7.5 7.5 6.98 1.97
43 200 1 2 7.5 7.5 6.65 2.74
44 200 2 2 4.0 7.5 3.02 1.46
45 240 2 2 7.5 7.5 2.92 2.78
46 200 1 4 4.0 7.5 8.16 2.47
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981736928056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

正交试验结果

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试验组 支点与切口
间距/mm
刀尖点瞬时
速度/(m·s-1)
刀具安装
偏移角/(°)
刀具前角/
(°)
刀具背角/
(°)
切口处等效
应变/mm
蔗芽处等效
应力/MPa
1 200 2 4 11.0 11.0 3.18 1.47
2 200 3 6 7.5 7.5 9.51 0.69
3 160 2 4 7.5 11.0 3.20 0.89
4 200 3 4 4.0 7.5 6.32 0.82
5 200 1 6 7.5 7.5 8.90 2.53
6 200 2 6 7.5 4.0 2.79 2.37
7 200 1 4 7.5 4.0 9.61 2.51
8 240 2 4 11.0 7.5 3.01 1.48
9 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
10 200 2 2 7.5 1.01 1.65 1.83
11 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
12 160 2 4 4.0 7.5 5.31 1.65
13 240 2 4 7.5 4.0 5.16 2.96
14 200 2 6 11.0 7.5 4.15 0.80
15 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
16 200 1 4 11.0 7.5 8.00 2.36
17 240 2 4 7.5 11.0 2.95 2.29
18 200 2 4 4.0 4.0 4.10 1.83
19 200 1 4 7.5 11.0 6.84 2.33
20 200 2 2 11.0 7.5 5.66 2.05
21 200 2 4 4.0 11.0 5.86 0.93
22 200 3 4 11.0 7.5 11.15 1.35
23 240 2 6 7.5 7.5 6.05 1.27
24 200 2 6 7.5 11.0 6.29 0.90
25 240 2 4 4.0 7.5 5.20 1.61
26 200 2 2 7.5 4.0 8.60 2.12
27 160 3 4 7.5 7.5 7.57 0.79
28 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
29 160 2 6 7.5 7.5 3.50 1.71
30 200 3 4 7.5 11.0 8.96 0.71
31 160 2 4 11.0 7.5 6.36 1.53
32 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
33 160 1 4 7.5 7.5 10.88 3.59
34 200 3 2 7.5 7.5 8.45 1.96
35 240 1 4 7.5 7.5 5.02 2.45
36 160 2 4 7.5 4.0 6.79 1.37
37 200 2 4 7.5 7.5 3.07 1.13
38 200 3 4 7.5 4.0 8.53 1.36
39 200 2 6 4.0 7.5 6.40 1.53
40 200 2 4 11.0 4.0 7.67 1.27
41 240 3 4 7.5 7.5 10.08 1.93
42 160 2 2 7.5 7.5 6.98 1.97
43 200 1 2 7.5 7.5 6.65 2.74
44 200 2 2 4.0 7.5 3.02 1.46
45 240 2 2 7.5 7.5 2.92 2.78
46 200 1 4 4.0 7.5 8.16 2.47
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981858562873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Analysis of variance for the equivalent effect variable quadratic polynomial model at the incision

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方差来源 平方和 自由度 均方 P 显著性
模型 283.06 20 14.15 < 0.000 1 极显著
A 6.50 1 6.50 0.000 8 极显著
B 2.65 1 2.65 0.022 7 显著
C 0.837 2 1 0.837 2 0.184 5
D 3.65 1 3.65 0.017 7 显著
E 12.82 1 12.82 < 0.000 1 极显著
AB 17.51 1 17.51 < 0.000 1 极显著
AC 10.92 1 10.92 < 0.000 1 极显著
AD 2.62 1 2.62 0.023 3
AE 0.476 1 1 0.476 1 0.313 2
BC 0.354 0 1 0.354 0 0.383 2
BD 5.23 1 5.23 0.007 4
BE 2.56 1 2.56 0.024 9
CD 5.98 1 5.98 0.001 2
CE 1.56 1 1.56 0.031 8
DE 9.77 1 9.77 < 0.000 1 极显著
A2 5.71 1 5.71 0.001 5
B2 172.51 1 172.51 < 0.000 1
C2 6.36 1 6.36 0.000 9
D2 9.13 1 9.13 0.000 1
E2 7.20 1 7.20 0.000 5
残差 11.24 25 0.449 4
失拟项 11.24 20 0.561 8
纯误差 0.000 0 5 0.000 0
总和 306.83 45
), ArticleFig(id=1175113981967614778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

切口处等效应变二次多项式模型的方差分析

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方差来源 平方和 自由度 均方 P 显著性
模型 283.06 20 14.15 < 0.000 1 极显著
A 6.50 1 6.50 0.000 8 极显著
B 2.65 1 2.65 0.022 7 显著
C 0.837 2 1 0.837 2 0.184 5
D 3.65 1 3.65 0.017 7 显著
E 12.82 1 12.82 < 0.000 1 极显著
AB 17.51 1 17.51 < 0.000 1 极显著
AC 10.92 1 10.92 < 0.000 1 极显著
AD 2.62 1 2.62 0.023 3
AE 0.476 1 1 0.476 1 0.313 2
BC 0.354 0 1 0.354 0 0.383 2
BD 5.23 1 5.23 0.007 4
BE 2.56 1 2.56 0.024 9
CD 5.98 1 5.98 0.001 2
CE 1.56 1 1.56 0.031 8
DE 9.77 1 9.77 < 0.000 1 极显著
A2 5.71 1 5.71 0.001 5
B2 172.51 1 172.51 < 0.000 1
C2 6.36 1 6.36 0.000 9
D2 9.13 1 9.13 0.000 1
E2 7.20 1 7.20 0.000 5
残差 11.24 25 0.449 4
失拟项 11.24 20 0.561 8
纯误差 0.000 0 5 0.000 0
总和 306.83 45
), ArticleFig(id=1175113982051500859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Analysis of variance for the quadratic polynomial model of the equivalent force at cane shoots

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源 平方和 自由度 均方 P 显著性
模型 18.97 20 0.948 5 < 0.000 1 极显著
A 0.668 3 1 0.668 3 0.012 0 显著
B 8.08 1 8.08 < 0.000 1 极显著
C 1.63 1 1.63 0.000 3 极显著
D 6.250×106 1 6.250×106 0.993 5
E 1.23 1 1.23 0.001 1 极显著
AB 1.30 1 1.30 0.000 9 极显著
AC 0.390 6 1 0.390 6 0.048 8 显著
AD 0.000 0 1 0.000 0 0.986 9
AE 0.009 0 1 0.009 0 0.755 5
BC 0.435 6 1 0.435 6 0.038 3 显著
BD 0.102 4 1 0.102 4 0.299 0
BE 0.055 2 1 0.055 2 0.443 4
CD 0.280 9 1 0.280 9 0.091 2
CE 0.348 1 1 0.348 1 0.061 8
DE 0.302 5 1 0.302 5 0.080 3
A2 2.06 1 2.06 < 0.000 1
B2 2.29 1 2.29 < 0.000 1
C2 1.10 1 1.10 0.001 9
D2 0.001 7 1 0.001 7 0.894 0
E2 0.440 2 1 0.440 2 0.037 4
残差 2.28 25 0.091 0
失拟项 2.28 20 0.113 8
纯误差 0.000 0 5 0.000 0
总和 21.25 45
), ArticleFig(id=1175113982122804028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880975384622, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

蔗芽处等效应力二次多项式模型的方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源 平方和 自由度 均方 P 显著性
模型 18.97 20 0.948 5 < 0.000 1 极显著
A 0.668 3 1 0.668 3 0.012 0 显著
B 8.08 1 8.08 < 0.000 1 极显著
C 1.63 1 1.63 0.000 3 极显著
D 6.250×106 1 6.250×106 0.993 5
E 1.23 1 1.23 0.001 1 极显著
AB 1.30 1 1.30 0.000 9 极显著
AC 0.390 6 1 0.390 6 0.048 8 显著
AD 0.000 0 1 0.000 0 0.986 9
AE 0.009 0 1 0.009 0 0.755 5
BC 0.435 6 1 0.435 6 0.038 3 显著
BD 0.102 4 1 0.102 4 0.299 0
BE 0.055 2 1 0.055 2 0.443 4
CD 0.280 9 1 0.280 9 0.091 2
CE 0.348 1 1 0.348 1 0.061 8
DE 0.302 5 1 0.302 5 0.080 3
A2 2.06 1 2.06 < 0.000 1
B2 2.29 1 2.29 < 0.000 1
C2 1.10 1 1.10 0.001 9
D2 0.001 7 1 0.001 7 0.894 0
E2 0.440 2 1 0.440 2 0.037 4
残差 2.28 25 0.091 0
失拟项 2.28 20 0.113 8
纯误差 0.000 0 5 0.000 0
总和 21.25 45
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基于旋转正交试验的甘蔗切种刀具参数优化
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许洪振 1, 2 , 杜笑隆 1, 2 , 刘姣娣 1, 2 , 陈庆立 1, 2, * , 沈漫林 1, 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·农业科学 2025,25(13): 5384-5393
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·农业科学 2025, 25(13): 5384-5393
基于旋转正交试验的甘蔗切种刀具参数优化
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许洪振1, 2 , 杜笑隆1, 2, 刘姣娣1, 2, 陈庆立1, 2, * , 沈漫林1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 广西高校先进制造与自动化技术重点实验室, 桂林 541006
  • 2 桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院, 桂林 541006
  • 许洪振(1976—),男,汉族,河南驻马店人,硕士,正高级实验师。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 陈庆立(1997—),男,汉族,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:
Optimization of Sugarcane Seed Cutting Tool Parameters Based on Orthogonal Test
Hong-zhen XU1, 2 , Xiao-long DU1, 2, Jiao-di LIU1, 2, Qing-li CHEN1, 2, * , Man-lin SHEN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Automation Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
  • 2 College of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
出版时间: 2025-05-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309204
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针对甘蔗切种时,由于蔗种切种机的切种刀具的结构与运动参数及安装协调优化不足,存在蔗种切口处平整度低、切割质量差且蔗芽损伤的现状。采用单因素试验对甘蔗切种机的切口与运移滚筒支点间距、刀具落点速度、刀具安装偏移角、刀具前角、刀具背角进行有限元切割仿真试验,确定影响蔗种切割质量的评价指标及各因素对该指标的影响趋势。基于旋转正交试验分析各因素对评价指标显著的交互作用,获得正交试验结果的二次多项式回归模型。结合农艺要求与刀具切种特性,建立最优的评价指标,获得优化后的最优参数组合,并对其进行切段仿真试验与台架验证试验。最终优选结果为:切口与支点间距177.944 mm、刀具落点速度1.569 m/s、刀具安装偏移角5.923°、刀具前角10.899°、刀具背角8.637°;切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力分别为5.053 mm和1.592 MPa。分析综合误差率为4.97%。该研究可为甘蔗切种刀的结构参数与安装参数及其运动参数的优化提供研究基础,以提高蔗种的切种质量。

旋转正交试验  /  参数优选  /  有限元仿真  /  响应面分析  /  甘蔗切割刀

To address the current situation of low flatness, poor cutting quality and cane bud damage at the cane cutter due to insufficient optimization of the structure and motion parameters and installation coordination of the cutting tool of the cane seed cutter. Finite element cutting simulation tests were conducted using single-factor tests on the distance between the cutting edge and the pivot point of the transport roller, tool drop speed, tool installation offset angle, tool front angle and tool back angle of the cane seed cutter to determine the evaluation indexes affecting the cane seed cutting quality and the trend of the influence of each factor on this index. The significant interaction effect of each factor on the evaluation index was analyzed based on the rotating orthogonal test, and the quadratic polynomial regression model of the orthogonal test results was obtained. Combining the agronomic requirements with the cutting characteristics of the tool, the optimal evaluation index was established, the optimized optimal combination of parameters was obtained, and the cutting section simulation test and bench validation test were conducted. The final selection results are as follows: the distance between the incision and the fulcrum is 177.944 mm, the tool landing speed is 1.569 m/s, the tool installation offset angle is 5.923°, the tool front angle is 10.899°, and the tool back angle is 8.637°. The equivalent stress at the incision site and the sugarcane shoot site are 5.053 mm and 1.592 MPa, respectively. The comprehensive analysis error rate is 4.97%. This study can provide a research basis for the optimization of the structure parameters and installation parameters of sugarcane seed cutting knife and its motion parameters, so as to improve the seed cutting quality of cane.

rotational orthogonal test  /  parameter optimization  /  finite element simulation  /  response surface analysis  /  sugarcane cutting tool
许洪振, 杜笑隆, 刘姣娣, 陈庆立, 沈漫林. 基于旋转正交试验的甘蔗切种刀具参数优化. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5384 -5393 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309204
Hong-zhen XU, Xiao-long DU, Jiao-di LIU, Qing-li CHEN, Man-lin SHEN. Optimization of Sugarcane Seed Cutting Tool Parameters Based on Orthogonal Test[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5384 -5393 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309204
中国是世界重要的甘蔗生产国之一,甘蔗不仅是中国食糖生产的主要原料,也是部分地方经济发展的重要支柱。甘蔗播种作业前需要进行预切蔗种处理,但人工切种成本高、效率低会导致蔗种长度不一致,难以适应播种机械,目前国内甘蔗切种机由于刀具结构设计与优化不完善,及安装方式不合理而普遍存在蔗种切口平整度不足、切口劈裂及蔗芽损伤的现象,造成播种完成后出现成活率低、明显倒伏、成熟后甘蔗含糖量低的现象,因此提高甘蔗切种技术水平是亟待解决的问题。
切段式刀具的参数优化是解决目前机械化切段问题的关键。国内外有许多学者涉及刀具及其切段式领域并获得了相应成果[1-6]。李岩舟等[7]设计了圆盘式运移切种机构,其结构简单且显著提高了甘蔗切种效率,但没有对关键的结构参数进行进一步优化,导致整体作业时平稳性不足。Akritidis[8]试制了玉米秸秆切碎试验台,进行玉米秸秆的切割试验,考察在线性切割条件下刀片切割玉米秸秆时刀片对切割力的响应,得到了一个类似的二阶微分方程。Kroes等[9]设计了双刀盘模型来研究刀盘的运动学轨迹,并通过计算优化切削速度和刀盘转速的最大允许速度比,提高切割质量。
Thanomputra等[10]通过优化切割方法,即采用添加磨料细沙的高压水的方式以提高甘蔗切割效率。刘庆庭等[11-12]通过试验研究了滑切角、刀盘倾角和切割速度等因素和砍蔗力的关系,优选了限定条件下的最优参数组合,提高了切割质量,降低了伤芽率。蔡力等[13]通过对甘蔗的力学分析结合刀具参数的单因素试验,得到了影响甘蔗单位面积切割率的主要影响因素。谢卢鑫等[14]通过刀片分阶段式的运动、刀具的受力分析结合多因素正交试验,获得了最优条件下的刀具参数组合,同时提升了刀具切段时的工作效率。肖威等[15]利用刀具的切割力与切割功率的变化规律,获得在少量因素影响下的最优参数组合,提升了作业时的稳定性与成功率。麻芳兰等[16-17]通过分析外部阻力的方法基于离散元仿真试验,获得不同外部条件下,对甘蔗切割作用的交互影响,从而提高了在甘蔗切割收获过程的成功率。李科等[18]基于分别测定的甘蔗径向与轴向的力学性能,但仅选取刀具运动参数作为试验因子,故最终获得的最优参数组合中未考虑刀具的结构参数,难以保证刀具工作时达到寿命要求。李尚平[19]设计开发出一种甘蔗切割器的刀盘动平衡调节装置,可在甘蔗切段作业中,通过调节刀具的安装偏移角,使甘蔗切口处更加平整。陈少江等[20]分析了甘蔗的切割位置与刀盘转速对切割
系统的振动性能的影响,获得了甘蔗切段时的最优位置与刀盘转速,提高了切段作业时的振动稳定性,但降低了切口处的平整度。
上述研究主要包含了甘蔗切段时刀具的单个或多个参数对甘蔗切段质量的影响,经过参数优选改进后的切种效率、稳定性及耐用性均得到了较好的提升,但由于在进行多参数交互影响分析时,所包含的分析参数较少,且甘蔗切段的质量评价指标较为单一,故在获得最优参数组合时,难以获得相对较多的理想试验结果,所获得的参数组合和与之对应的预测试验结果均与实际验证结果的数据相差较大,因此考虑较少的参数会导致预测的数学模型不具有良好的预测效果,从而易产生蔗种切口劈裂或蔗芽受损的现象。
现通过大量单因素仿真分析试验,确定影响甘蔗切割质量的主要影响因素与评价指标,通过分析各单因素对评价指标的影响趋势,结合蔗种预切种农艺要求与切种工艺安装选取各因素的研究水平。利用旋转正交试验分析甘蔗切段刀具多种参数作用下对切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力的交互性影响,通过Ansys Workbench仿真分析并确定各参数综合影响下的评价指标。分析限定最优条件下的评价指标,筛选最优参数组合,并通过仿真分析试验与台架验证试验验证筛选的最优参数组合可显著提高甘蔗切种质量。该研究有望为甘蔗切种刀的结构参数与安装参数及其运动参数的优化提供研究基础,提高甘蔗切种机的切种质量。
图1所示,甘蔗切种装置主要由机架、运移装置、检测识别单元、斩切装置、控制系统组成,运移装置主要由电机9与V带进行驱动,斩切装置主要由气泵进行驱动。甘蔗喂入后,由运移装置驱动整根甘蔗向前运动,经过检测识别使蔗芽距离斩切装置3与运移滚筒5保持合理的距离后,由斩切装置对其整杆进行切段作业。
甘蔗茎杆是各向异性、非匀质、非线性的材料[21],为获得甘蔗各项力学性能,通过万能试验机(型号及参数)对甘蔗的力学属性进行测量后,可获得如表1所示的甘蔗茎秆的平均力学性能。
为使甘蔗切种刀具具有良好的切割特性,许欣等[22]、徐峰[23]通过切割与仿真分析得出65Mn的材料属性与各项力学性能远高于甘蔗茎秆,且具有较高的使用寿命,易于加工,故选用以65Mn为刀具的所需材料可使刀具具有更良好的切割性能。
通过Workbench多次仿真试验,确定有5个因素,即切口与支点的间距(D)刀具下落至甘蔗茎秆处时的速度(V)刀具的安装偏移角(α),刀具前角(β),刀具背角(γ)对甘蔗切段质量造成主要的影响(图2),主要表现为伤芽、切口不平整。根据甘蔗茎秆切割作业要求(即切割作业时不会伤及距切口处40 mm左右的蔗芽,且切口处的平整度较高)与切割刀具的规格尺寸,设计单因素初选试验,仿真切割试验过程如图3所示。以切口处等效应变和蔗芽处等效应力为试验指标,通过改变切口与支点的间距、刀具下落至甘蔗茎秆处时的速度(刀刃落点速度)、具安装偏移角、刀具前角、刀具背角5个因素对甘蔗茎秆切割过程进行动力学仿真分析。
进行单因素试验分析,分别对上述5个因素各选取5个水平,其试验因素水平如表2所示。
通过图4(a)可知,切口处的等效应变随着切口与支点的间距增大而表现出先增大后减小再增大的趋势,而蔗芽处的等效应力则是持续性增大,切口处的等效应变最小值与蔗芽处最小等效应力分别为6.59 mm与0.65 MPa,且二者皆出现在切口与支点的间距为160 mm处。由图4(b)可知,切口处的等效应变与蔗芽处的最大等效应力皆表现出随着刀刃落点速度的增大而减小的趋势,切口处的等效应变最小值与蔗芽处的最小等效应力分别为5.33 mm与1.07 MPa,且皆出现在刀刃落点速度为3 m/s处。由图4(c)可知,切口处的等效应变随着刀具安装偏移角的增大而表现出先减小后增大的趋势,而蔗芽处的等效应力则是持续性增大,切口处的等效应变最小值与蔗芽处的最小等效应力分别为2.22 mm与0.84 MPa,且分别出现在刀具安装偏移角为2°与6°处。由图4(d)可知,切口处的等效应变随着刀具前角的增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势,而蔗芽处的等效应力则是先增大后减小再增大,切口处的等效应变最小值与蔗芽处的最小等效应力分别为3.23 mm与0.92 MPa,且皆出现在刀具前角为7.5°处。由图4(e)可知,切口处的等效应变随着刀具背角的增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势,而蔗芽处的等效应力则是先增大后减小再增大,切口处的等效应变最小值与蔗芽处的最小等效应力分别为3.48 mm与1.02 MPa,且分别出现在刀具前角为11°与7.5°处。
通过对切口与支点的间距、刀刃落点速度、刀具安装偏移角、刀具前角以及刀具背角的仿真试验,根据单因素试验分析,结合甘蔗切割的农艺要求、实际安装、切割经济型以及切割质量,综合考虑切口处的最小等效应变与蔗芽处的最小等效应力的重要性,选取切口与支点的间距范围为160~200 mm,刀刃落点速度范围为1~3 m/s,刀具安装偏移角范围为2°~6°,刀具前角范围为4°~11°,刀具背角范围为4°~11°。
由于在单因素试验中已初步优选出刀具各参数的水平区间,但只得到了对应刀具结构参数与运动参数能否在切割甘蔗茎秆的过程中保持切口处较为合理的平整度及不同参数下的蔗芽部分承受的等效应力大小。并未得到各参数联合作用下对甘蔗切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力的影响,因此无法建立最优评价指标以进行进一步优化筛选。故利用Design-Expert11软件,设计多因素正交旋转[24]组合试验,因素水平编码如表3所示。获取切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力的回归模型,求解刀具结构参数与运动参数的最优组合。
根据正交旋转试验设计进行仿真模拟试验,以切口与支点的间距、刀刃落点速度、刀具的安装偏移角、刀具前角和刀具背角为自变量,以切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力值作为评价指标,试验结果如表4所示。
根据表4的数据样本,通过Design-Expert11软件得到切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力的二次多项式回归模型为
Y1=3.07-0.637 5A+0.406 9B+0.228 7C+
0.300 6D-0.895E+2.09AB+1.65AC
-0.81AD+0.345AE-0.297 5BC+1.25BD+0
.8BE-1.22CD+2.61CE-1.56DE
+0.808 5A2+4.45B2+0.853 5C2+1.02D2+
0.908 5E2
Y2=1.13+0.204 4A-0.710 6B-0.319 4C+
0.000 6D-0.277 5E+0.57AB-0.312 5AC-
0.002 5AD-0.047 5AE-0.265BC+
0.16BD-0.117 5BE-0.33CD-0.295CE+
0.275DE+0.485 4A2+0.512 1B2+
0.355 4C2+0.013 8D2+0.224 6E2
式中:Y1为切口处等效应变;Y2为蔗芽处等效应力值;A为支点与切口间距;B为刀尖落点瞬时速度;C为刀具安装偏移角;D为刀具前角;E为刀具背角。
由回归模型的方差分析结果(表5表6),求解切种刀具结构参数与运动参数的最优组合。两个回归模型的P都小于0.05,且失拟项满足要求,表明两回归模型具有高度显著性,拟合程度高。通过分析各因素的P,可以判断支点与切口间距、刀尖点的瞬时速度、刀具前角和刀具背角对切口处的等效应变有显著影响;支点与切口间距、刀尖落点瞬时速度、刀具安装偏移角以及刀具背角则对蔗芽处的等效应力有显著影响。对切口处的等效应变,影响因素按重要性排序依次为:刀具背角、支点与切口间距、刀尖落点瞬时速度、刀具前角。而对蔗芽处的等效应力,影响因素的重要性排序为:刀尖落点瞬时速度、安装偏移角、刀具背角、支点与切口间距。两回归方程模型的决定系数R2与校正系数都接近1,变异系数CV均小于10%,同时信噪比分别为21.09和12.56,均大于4。这些指标表明,两个回归模型的方程拟合度高,具有较高的可靠性和精密度。
根据回归模型分析结果,利用Design-Expert11软件绘制各因素交互效应3D响应曲面图。切口与支点间距与刀尖落点速度对切口等效应变的响应曲面如图5(a)所示,当切口与支点间距由240 mm降为160 mm过程中,随着刀尖落点速度由3 m/s降至2 m/s,切口等效应变逐渐减小,当刀尖落点速度持续由2 m/s降至1 m/s时,切口等效应变逐渐增大。切口与支点间距与刀刃安装偏移角对切口等效应变的响应曲面如图5(b)所示,当切口与支点间距由240 mm降为160 mm过程中,随着刀刃安装偏移角由2°增长至4°,切口等效应变逐渐减小,当刀刃安装偏移角持续由4°增长至6°时,切口等效应变逐渐增大。刀具前角与刀具背角对切口等效应变的响应曲面如图5(c)所示,当刀具背角由11°降至4°时,随着刀具前角由4°增长至7.5°,切口等效应变逐渐减小,当刀具前角持续由7.5°增长至11°时,切口等效应变逐渐增大。切口与支点间距与刀尖落点速度对蔗芽处等效应力的响应曲面如图5(d)所示,当切口与支点间距由240 mm降为160 mm过程中,随着刀具落点速度由3 m/s降至2 m/s,蔗芽处等效应力逐渐减小,当刀尖落点速度持续由2 m/s降至1 m/s时,蔗芽处等效应力逐渐增大。切口与支点间距与刀刃安装偏移角对蔗芽处等效应力的响应曲面如图5(e)所示,当切口与支点间距由240 mm降为160 mm过程中,随着刀刃安装偏移角由2°增长至6°, 蔗芽处等效应力持续减小,即切口与支点间距减小时,蔗芽处等效应力随着刀刃安装偏移角的增大而减小。刀尖落点速度与刀刃安装偏移角对蔗芽处等效应力的响应曲面如图5(f)所示,当刀尖落点速度由1 m/s增长至3 m/s时,随着刀刃安装偏移角由2°增长至6°, 蔗芽处等效应力持续减小,即刀尖落点速度增大时,蔗芽处等效应力随着刀刃安装偏移角的增大而减小。基于交互效应分析可知,当各因素都处于中水平时,切口等效应变值较小,此时甘蔗切口处的平整性较好。当切口与支点间距处于低水平且刀尖落点速度与刀刃安装偏移角处于高水平时,蔗芽处等效应力较小,此时切割动作对蔗芽的损伤较小。
根据试验测试数据设定目标值,为使切割动作不会损伤蔗芽且甘蔗切口处的平整度较高,故在进行参数优化与筛选时,分别考虑切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力处于最低状态下与处于安全范围的状态下所筛选出的具有不同结构参数的刀具。针对评价指标的回归模型,运用Design-Expert11软件中Optimization功能,结合蔗种的农艺切种要求与刀具本身的切种性能,以切口等效应变最大值6.5 mm且蔗芽处等效应力最大值3.5 MPa为最优评价指标。通过求解回归模型得到的最优参数组合:支点与切口间距A为177.944 mm;刀尖落点瞬时速度B为1.569 mm/s;刀具安装偏移角C为5.923°;刀具前角D为10.899°;刀具背角E为8.637°,预测的优化结果为切口处等效应变Y1为5.503 mm;蔗芽处等效应力值Y2为1.592 MPa;为验证优化参数组合与预测试验结果的可靠性,基于最优参数条件下进行Workbench仿真分析试验以输出仿真结果分布云图(图6)并加工刀具以进行台架切割试验(图7)。分别以切割10段甘蔗作为样本,最终仿真试验中测量的Y1平均值为4.859 mm,Y2平均值为1.479 MPa。利用游标卡尺测量切口处不平整部分距离切口的最大距离,通过压力传感器测试切割过程中记录的蔗芽处所受的最大应力,基于台架切割试验测量的Y1平均值为5.33 mm,Y2平均值为1.40 MPa。通过预测结果与仿真结果的对比试验,得出平均误差率为4.97%,说明该数学模型具有较好的预测效果。
(1)通过多次Workbench单因素仿真试验分析,确定切口与支点的间距、刀具下落至甘蔗茎秆处时的速度、刀具的安装偏移角、刀具前角、刀具背角对蔗芽处的受力与切口的平整度的影响趋势,综合刀具的安装与蔗种农艺要求,确定了各因素旋转正交试验的最佳取值范围。
(2)利用旋转正交试验分析多因素对蔗芽处等效应力与切口处的等效应变的交互影响,并通过方差分析获得各因素间对试验评价指标的影响显著性。根据正交试验结果,切口与支点间距、刀具背角对切口处等效应变影响极显著。刀具落点速度、刀具安装偏移角、刀具背角对蔗芽处等效应力影响极显著。由响应曲面结果获得各评价指标随各影响因素间的变化关系,得出当影响显著的因素皆处于中水平时,切口等效应变值较小;当影响显著的因素皆处于高水平时,蔗芽处等效应力较小,此时切割动作对蔗芽的损伤越小,切段质量也越高。
(3)通过分析限制条件下的评价指标获得与之对应的最优参数组合及相应的预测结果。筛选出最终确定切段质量最优的刀具参数组合结果为:切口与支点间距177.944 mm、刀具落点速度1.569 m/s、刀具安装偏移角5.923°、刀具前角10.899°、刀具背角8.637°。切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力的预测结果分别为5.053 mm和1.592 MPa。分别进行切段仿真分析试验与台架验证试验,得出分析综合误差率为4.97%,证明了所分析的数学回归模型具有良好的预测效果。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52265028)
  • 广西自然科学基金(2021JJA160046)
  • 广西研究生教育创新计划(YCSW2023362)
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2025年第25卷第13期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309204
  • 接收时间:2023-11-22
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-05-08
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-22
  • 修回日期:2024-11-20
基金
国家自然科学基金(52265028)
广西自然科学基金(2021JJA160046)
广西研究生教育创新计划(YCSW2023362)
作者信息
    1 广西高校先进制造与自动化技术重点实验室, 桂林 541006
    2 桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院, 桂林 541006

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* 陈庆立(1997—),男,汉族,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生。研究方向:智能农业机械。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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