Article(id=1149773880505622566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404829, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1719504000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-28, revisedDate=1738771200000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057054878, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1746633600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057054878, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057054878, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057054878, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149773869357167407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='13', pageStart='5273', pageEnd='5704', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057052207, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456769392, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5602, endPage=5608, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149773880916664364, articleId=1149773880505622566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Segregation Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete for Large Size Aggregate Core Wall, columnId=1156262735643005297, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Hydraulic Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to investigate the segregation characteristics of asphalt concrete with large size core walls, indoor and field tests were conducted. Firstly, the density ratio data of the indoor prepared asphalt concrete specimens were analyzed by extreme variance analysis. Secondly, the density data of the upper and lower parts of the asphalt concrete core samples with the maximum aggregate size of 37.5 mm drilled under different working conditions in the field were statistically analyzed based on the one-dimensional variance theory. Finally, the basic mechanical properties of the upper and lower parts of the asphalt concrete cores of the large-grain-size aggregate core wall were comparatively analyzed under different working conditions. The results show that the relatively large influence on the segregation of asphalt concrete in the heart wall is the largest aggregate size, followed by the test temperature, the smallest is the amount of asphalt, and the tendency of segregation of asphalt concrete in the heart wall increases with the increase of the aggregate size, the increase of asphalt dosage and the increase of the test temperature. The tendency of segregation of asphalt concrete with the largest aggregate size of 37.5 mm molded under different working conditions from large to small are: initial milling temperature of 145 ℃ with paving thickness of 30 cm, initial milling temperature of 130 ℃ with paving thickness of 30 cm, initial milling temperature of 145 ℃ with paving thickness of 40 cm and initial milling temperature of 130 ℃ with paving thickness of 40cm, respectively. The tendency of segregation of its own will be increased with the increase of the thickness, initial milling temperature and asphalt consumption, and with the increase of test temperature and asphalt consumption. The tendency of segregation will decrease with the increase of paving thickness and the decrease of initial milling temperature. The differences in Marshall stability, Marshall flow value and split tensile strength between the upper and lower parts of the core samples of asphalt concrete with the largest aggregate size of 37.5 mm molded under the above four working conditions are all within 6%, with good uniformity.

, correspAuthors=Jian-xin HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Han-bing YANG, Jian-xin HE, Wu YANG, Zhi-hao YANG, Liang LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149773884775424106, articleId=1149773880505622566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土离析特性, columnId=1156262735810777459, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·水利工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的离析特性,开展了室内试验和现场试验。首先,对室内配制的沥青混凝土试样的密度比数据进行极差分析;其次,基于一元方差理论对现场不同工况下钻取的骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的密度数据进行了统计分析;最后,对不同工况下大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的基本力学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明:对心墙沥青混凝土离析影响相对较大的因素是骨料最大粒径,其次是试验温度,最小的是沥青用量,且心墙沥青混凝土离析的倾向性随骨料粒径增大、沥青用量增大和试验温度升高而增大。不同工况下成型的骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土的离析倾向性由大到小分别是:工况二初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况一初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况三初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm和工况四初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm;其自身的离析倾向性会随着摊铺厚度的增大、初碾温度的降低而减小。上述4种工况下成型的骨料最大粒径37.5mm的沥青混凝土的芯样上、下部的马歇尔稳定度、马歇尔流值和劈裂抗拉强度的差异均在6%以内,均匀性良好。

, correspAuthors=何建新, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 何建新(1973—),男,汉族,河南扶沟人,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:水利工程岩土与建材。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Nt6BVXSOqiUsm6s/X0YpMA==, magXml=qFmT66e/gl7c0rsN/STXOg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=1MaG/2KubEmrjkGf4I/R8A==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Zc1mWmx+eUxEmHEu3VovkQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨寒冰(1999—),男,汉族,甘肃甘谷人,硕士研究生。研究方向:水工材料沥青混凝土。E-mail:

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杨寒冰(1999—),男,汉族,甘肃甘谷人,硕士研究生。研究方向:水工材料沥青混凝土。E-mail:

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杨寒冰(1999—),男,汉族,甘肃甘谷人,硕士研究生。研究方向:水工材料沥青混凝土。E-mail:

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Journal of Chang'an University (Natural Science Edition), 2008, 28(6): 5-10., articleTitle=Temperature segregation characteristics of asphalt mixtures, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1175114162507235766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=周泽汉, journalName=沥青混合料离析特性研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周泽汉. 沥青混合料离析特性研究[D]. 长沙: 长沙理工大学, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1175114162595316151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=46, authorNames=Zhou Zehan, journalName=Research on segregation characteristics of asphalt mixtures, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Zehan. Research on segregation characteristics of asphalt mixtures[D]. Changsha: Changsha University of Science and Technology, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1175114159235678600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, awardId=2022D01A199, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A199), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1175114155746017610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114155754406219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155746017610, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114155779572044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155746017610, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052)]), AuthorCompany(id=1175114155859263821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114155897012558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155859263821, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114155905401167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155859263821, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052)]), AuthorCompany(id=1175114155997675856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114156010258769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155997675856, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Key Laboratory of Dam Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention Corps, Urumqi 830004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175114156018647379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, companyId=1175114155997675856, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 堤坝工程安全及灾害防治兵团重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1175114158283571580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Field test section partition diagram, figureFileSmall=NTsjJiciG7smi4p2nZhj9A==, figureFileBig=Ku1c4tATk9tkdySzdi0FWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175114158413595005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=图1, caption=现场试验段分区示意图, figureFileSmall=NTsjJiciG7smi4p2nZhj9A==, figureFileBig=Ku1c4tATk9tkdySzdi0FWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175114158468120958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Asphalt concrete mix proportion

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材料 粗骨料 细骨料 填料 沥青
粒径分级/mm 19~37.5 9.5~19 4.75~9.5 2.3~4.75 0.075~2.36 <0.075
室内配合比/% 25 18 15 9 23 12 5.60
现场配合比/% 27 16 13 10 21 12 6.20
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158535229823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

沥青混凝土配合比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料 粗骨料 细骨料 填料 沥青
粒径分级/mm 19~37.5 9.5~19 4.75~9.5 2.3~4.75 0.075~2.36 <0.075
室内配合比/% 25 18 15 9 23 12 5.60
现场配合比/% 27 16 13 10 21 12 6.20
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158598144384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of indoor vibration compaction test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组号 试验温度/℃ 沥青用量/% 骨料最大粒径/mm 上部密度/(g·cm-3) 下部密度/(g·cm-3) 密度比
1 130 5.60 26.5 2.445 2.472 1.010 9
2 140 6.20 26.5 2.447 2.492 1.018 2
3 150 5.90 26.5 2.451 2.494 1.017 6
4 130 6.20 31.5 2.454 2.496 1.017 1
5 140 5.90 31.5 2.458 2.497 1.015 9
6 150 5.60 31.5 2.461 2.505 1.017 8
7 130 5.90 37.5 2.459 2.503 1.017 9
8 140 5.60 37.5 2.462 2.508 1.018 7
9 150 6.20 37.5 2.467 2.523 1.022 8
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158669447553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

室内振动压实试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组号 试验温度/℃ 沥青用量/% 骨料最大粒径/mm 上部密度/(g·cm-3) 下部密度/(g·cm-3) 密度比
1 130 5.60 26.5 2.445 2.472 1.010 9
2 140 6.20 26.5 2.447 2.492 1.018 2
3 150 5.90 26.5 2.451 2.494 1.017 6
4 130 6.20 31.5 2.454 2.496 1.017 1
5 140 5.90 31.5 2.458 2.497 1.015 9
6 150 5.60 31.5 2.461 2.505 1.017 8
7 130 5.90 37.5 2.459 2.503 1.017 9
8 140 5.60 37.5 2.462 2.508 1.018 7
9 150 6.20 37.5 2.467 2.523 1.022 8
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158740750722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Range analysis results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素 E1 E2 E3 e1 e2 e3 极差R 影响因素排序
骨料最大粒径 3.046 7 3.050 8 3.059 4 1.015 6 1.016 9 1.019 8 0.004 2 骨料最大粒径>试验温度>沥青用量
试验温度 3.045 9 3.052 8 3.058 2 1.015 3 1.017 6 1.019 4 0.004 1
沥青用量 3.047 4 3.051 4 3.058 1 1.015 8 1.017 1 1.019 4 0.003 6
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158812053891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素 E1 E2 E3 e1 e2 e3 极差R 影响因素排序
骨料最大粒径 3.046 7 3.050 8 3.059 4 1.015 6 1.016 9 1.019 8 0.004 2 骨料最大粒径>试验温度>沥青用量
试验温度 3.045 9 3.052 8 3.058 2 1.015 3 1.017 6 1.019 4 0.004 1
沥青用量 3.047 4 3.051 4 3.058 1 1.015 8 1.017 1 1.019 4 0.003 6
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158891745668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Statistical analysis of density data under different working conditions and mean square deviation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 部位 样本数量 正态性检验 均方离差和
D/10-4
总体分布 密度均值μ/
(g·cm-3)
标准差σ/
(g·cm-3)
[μ-3σ, μ+3σ]
数据占比/%
工况一 上部 14 正态分布 2.443 0.005 6 100 3.035
下部 14 正态分布 2.451 0.007 6 100
工况二 上部 14 正态分布 2.447 0.007 4 100 4.353
下部 14 正态分布 2.456 0.008 6 100
工况三 上部 10 正态分布 2.446 0.006 6 100 2.169
下部 10 正态分布 2.452 0.008 8 100
工况四 上部 12 正态分布 2.443 0.010 8 100 1.683
下部 12 正态分布 2.448 0.006 6 100
), ArticleFig(id=1175114158946271621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同工况下密度数据统计分析结果和均方离差和计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 部位 样本数量 正态性检验 均方离差和
D/10-4
总体分布 密度均值μ/
(g·cm-3)
标准差σ/
(g·cm-3)
[μ-3σ, μ+3σ]
数据占比/%
工况一 上部 14 正态分布 2.443 0.005 6 100 3.035
下部 14 正态分布 2.451 0.007 6 100
工况二 上部 14 正态分布 2.447 0.007 4 100 4.353
下部 14 正态分布 2.456 0.008 6 100
工况三 上部 10 正态分布 2.446 0.006 6 100 2.169
下部 10 正态分布 2.452 0.008 8 100
工况四 上部 12 正态分布 2.443 0.010 8 100 1.683
下部 12 正态分布 2.448 0.006 6 100
), ArticleFig(id=1175114159009186182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

The basic mechanical properties test results of the upper and lower parts of core sample with the maximum aggregate particle size of 37.5 mm

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
力学性能指标 部位 工况一 工况二 工况三 工况四
马歇尔稳定度/kN 上部 11.11 12.33 11.68 10.68
下部 11.65 13.02 12.05 11.12
马歇尔流值/0.1 mm 上部 60.4 58.3 66.8 67.8
下部 57.6 54.9 62.7 64.6
劈裂抗拉强度/MPa 上部 0.925 1.152 0.995 0.904
下部 0.959 1.204 1.025 0.927
), ArticleFig(id=1175114159067906439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773880505622566, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的基本力学性能试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
力学性能指标 部位 工况一 工况二 工况三 工况四
马歇尔稳定度/kN 上部 11.11 12.33 11.68 10.68
下部 11.65 13.02 12.05 11.12
马歇尔流值/0.1 mm 上部 60.4 58.3 66.8 67.8
下部 57.6 54.9 62.7 64.6
劈裂抗拉强度/MPa 上部 0.925 1.152 0.995 0.904
下部 0.959 1.204 1.025 0.927
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大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土离析特性
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杨寒冰 1, 2 , 何建新 1, 2, * , 杨武 1, 2 , 杨志豪 1, 2 , 刘亮 1, 3
科学技术与工程 | 论文·水利工程 2025,25(13): 5602-5608
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·水利工程 2025, 25(13): 5602-5608
大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土离析特性
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杨寒冰1, 2 , 何建新1, 2, * , 杨武1, 2, 杨志豪1, 2, 刘亮1, 3
作者信息
  • 1 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 2 新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 3 堤坝工程安全及灾害防治兵团重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830004
  • 杨寒冰(1999—),男,汉族,甘肃甘谷人,硕士研究生。研究方向:水工材料沥青混凝土。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 何建新(1973—),男,汉族,河南扶沟人,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:水利工程岩土与建材。E-mail:
Segregation Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete for Large Size Aggregate Core Wall
Han-bing YANG1, 2 , Jian-xin HE1, 2, * , Wu YANG1, 2, Zhi-hao YANG1, 2, Liang LIU1, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
  • 2 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, China
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Dam Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention Corps, Urumqi 830004, China
出版时间: 2025-05-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404829
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为探究大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的离析特性,开展了室内试验和现场试验。首先,对室内配制的沥青混凝土试样的密度比数据进行极差分析;其次,基于一元方差理论对现场不同工况下钻取的骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的密度数据进行了统计分析;最后,对不同工况下大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的基本力学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明:对心墙沥青混凝土离析影响相对较大的因素是骨料最大粒径,其次是试验温度,最小的是沥青用量,且心墙沥青混凝土离析的倾向性随骨料粒径增大、沥青用量增大和试验温度升高而增大。不同工况下成型的骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土的离析倾向性由大到小分别是:工况二初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况一初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况三初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm和工况四初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm;其自身的离析倾向性会随着摊铺厚度的增大、初碾温度的降低而减小。上述4种工况下成型的骨料最大粒径37.5mm的沥青混凝土的芯样上、下部的马歇尔稳定度、马歇尔流值和劈裂抗拉强度的差异均在6%以内,均匀性良好。

大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土  /  离析  /  现场碾压试验  /  极差分析  /  统计分析

In order to investigate the segregation characteristics of asphalt concrete with large size core walls, indoor and field tests were conducted. Firstly, the density ratio data of the indoor prepared asphalt concrete specimens were analyzed by extreme variance analysis. Secondly, the density data of the upper and lower parts of the asphalt concrete core samples with the maximum aggregate size of 37.5 mm drilled under different working conditions in the field were statistically analyzed based on the one-dimensional variance theory. Finally, the basic mechanical properties of the upper and lower parts of the asphalt concrete cores of the large-grain-size aggregate core wall were comparatively analyzed under different working conditions. The results show that the relatively large influence on the segregation of asphalt concrete in the heart wall is the largest aggregate size, followed by the test temperature, the smallest is the amount of asphalt, and the tendency of segregation of asphalt concrete in the heart wall increases with the increase of the aggregate size, the increase of asphalt dosage and the increase of the test temperature. The tendency of segregation of asphalt concrete with the largest aggregate size of 37.5 mm molded under different working conditions from large to small are: initial milling temperature of 145 ℃ with paving thickness of 30 cm, initial milling temperature of 130 ℃ with paving thickness of 30 cm, initial milling temperature of 145 ℃ with paving thickness of 40 cm and initial milling temperature of 130 ℃ with paving thickness of 40cm, respectively. The tendency of segregation of its own will be increased with the increase of the thickness, initial milling temperature and asphalt consumption, and with the increase of test temperature and asphalt consumption. The tendency of segregation will decrease with the increase of paving thickness and the decrease of initial milling temperature. The differences in Marshall stability, Marshall flow value and split tensile strength between the upper and lower parts of the core samples of asphalt concrete with the largest aggregate size of 37.5 mm molded under the above four working conditions are all within 6%, with good uniformity.

large aggregate core wall asphalt concrete  /  segregation  /  field crush test  /  extreme variance analysis  /  statistical analysis
杨寒冰, 何建新, 杨武, 杨志豪, 刘亮. 大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土离析特性. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5602 -5608 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404829
Han-bing YANG, Jian-xin HE, Wu YANG, Zhi-hao YANG, Liang LIU. Segregation Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete for Large Size Aggregate Core Wall[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5602 -5608 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404829
在心墙沥青混凝土的配合比设计中,根据《土石坝沥青混凝土面板和心墙设计规范》(SL 501—2010)(下文简称《规范》)[1]的要求,骨料的最大粒径应控制在19 mm以内。若将骨料最大粒径适当增大则可改善沥青混凝土力学性能、提高骨料利用率、降低沥青用量[2-5],有广阔的应用前景。然而,关于公路沥青混凝土和心墙沥青混凝土的研究表明,在实际施工过程中,受到多种因素的影响,碾压成型后的大粒径骨料沥青混凝土可能会引发离析现象,使得自身的配比偏离设计配比,进而导致物理、力学性能出现较大的偏差,对施工质量有重要的影响[6-9]
国内外学者针对沥青混凝土的离析展开了广泛的研究。Kennedy最早提出了离析的概念,现有研究认为离析的产生是由于沥青混合料中粗、细骨料的分布不均匀造成的[10-12],而这种不均匀分布又是由于粗、细骨料在滚动时所经过的距离差异引起的。美国“热拌沥青混合料路面离析”研究项目中对沥青混凝土先前的研究成果进行了系统性总结,定义了级配离析和温度离析并分析了相应的成因。离析类型的定义与成因分析为沥青混凝土离析的深入研究奠定了基础。研究表明,沥青用量和沥青标号对沥青混合料的离析性存在一定影响,其中沥青标号对离析性的影响较为有限[13]。离析通常表现为沥青混合料中大粒径骨料在某些区域的集中,而细料和沥青则相对较少。为量化这一现象,采用一元方差理论[14]对不同位置的沥青混合料级配差异进行分析,通过比较摊铺后横断面各处的粒径分布和碾压后构造深度的变化,能够更精确地揭示离析的程度及其与级配、温度等因素的关系。为了进一步探明温度对沥青混凝土离析程度的影响,使用热成像仪检测摊铺后沥青混凝土的温度分布差异,从而揭示骨料分布的不均匀性及其引发的离析现象[15]。然而,除了识别离析的潜在影响因素,如何准确表征沥青混凝土的离析程度同样具有重要意义。密度和构造深度[16]作为常用的离析程度评估指标,能够直观地反映混合料在施工过程中发生离析的严重程度及其变化趋势。除此之外,其他指标如级配偏差、沥青用量[17]、空隙率[18]、密度与理论最大密度差值等,也可作为评估离析现象的重要依据。通过综合分析这些物理性质参数,可以更加全面地评估沥青混凝土的离析程度。《规范》中提出采用分离度试验的试样的下部与上部的密度比作为判别浇筑式沥青混凝土是否产生离析的指标。然而,以上关于离析的研究大多集中在公路沥青混凝土,而公路沥青混凝土和心墙沥青混凝土在配合比设计、材料组成和施工条件方面存在显著差异,使得上述研究结果并不完全适用于心墙沥青混凝土。结合中国水利和土石坝工程的实际需求,心墙沥青混凝土的沥青用量通常要高于公路沥青混凝土,这使得在施工碾压过程中采用大粒径骨料作为原材料是否会引发离析,以及离析的具体程度如何,尚需深入研究。
此外,离析问题已成为制约大粒径沥青混凝土广泛应用的关键瓶颈,亟须通过室内试验和现场试验,系统研究大粒径骨料沥青混凝土在实际工作条件下的离析规律及其影响因素,为工程实践提供科学依据。因此,现首先设计正交试验,采用极差分析法探究骨料最大粒径、试验温度和沥青用量对心墙沥青混凝土离析的影响规律,并选出用于现场试验的大粒径骨料沥青混凝土配合比;其次,设计4种工况,开展现场碾压试验,并采用一元方差理论对沥青混凝土芯样的上、下部的密度数据进行统计分析,探究不同工况下大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的离析规律;最后,进行基本力学性能试验,对比分析不同工况下大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的基本力学性能的差异。以期为大粒径沥青混凝土在实际工程应用中的设计、施工及质量控制提供重要的理论依据和技术支持。
室内试验和现场试验选用的沥青为中石油克拉玛依石化公司生产的90号(A级)道路石油沥青;粗、细骨料采用库车工程区料场的人工破碎料;矿粉由破碎料经颚式破碎机破碎而成。以上材料各项指标均符合设计规范要求。现场试验和室内试验的沥青混凝土配合比如表1所示。
室内振动压实试验方案:将骨料最大粒径、试验温度和沥青用量作为3个影响因素,并取3个水平来设计正交试验方案,共计9组试验,每组试验需要制备3个沥青混凝土试样,共计27个试样。最终的试验结果取3个试样测试结果的平均值。在常规的骨料最大粒径19 mm的基础上,根据粒径分级,设置骨料最大粒径为26.5、31.5和37.5 mm共3个水平,以探究增大粒径后心墙沥青混凝土的离析特性;根据《规范》给出的“心墙沥青混凝土摊铺后初次碾压的温度不宜低于130 ℃”的要求,设置试验温度为130、140和150 ℃共3个水平来研究试验温度对心墙沥青混凝土离析的影响;《规范》要求沥青混合料配合比中沥青用量的允许偏差在0.3%以内,以探究沥青用量对沥青混凝土离析的影响,参考规范要求,设置0、0.3%、0.6%共3个沥青用量的偏差水平。沥青混凝土试样振动碾压成型后,将其切割为上、下两部分并依据要求[19]采用排水置换法测定试样的密度。
现场碾压试验方案:在距离四川红鱼洞沥青混凝土心墙工程区的沥青混凝土拌合站500 m的平坦场地开展现场碾压试验。根据初碾温度和摊铺厚度在试验现场布置4个不同工况的摊铺段,如图1所示。各工况的摊铺段的长均为10 m,宽均为0.6 m,并在摊铺段两侧布置过渡料。摊铺段碾压完成并待其冷却后,采用油动机械钻机在每个工况的摊铺段沿轴线等距钻取14个直径150 mm的圆柱体芯样,共得到56个大粒径骨料沥青混凝土芯样。将现场钻取的芯样切割成上、下部,依据《水工沥青混凝土试验规程》(DL/T 5362—2018)采用排水置换法测定试样的密度。
基本力学性能试验方案:马歇尔稳定度及流值和劈裂抗拉强度指标能够反映沥青混凝土强度性能和变形性能,而且所涉及的试验快捷易操作,在沥青混凝土心墙铺筑过程中通过这些指标便于进行心墙施工质量的检验。因此,将4个工况区钻取的大粒径骨料沥青混凝土芯样的上、下部切割成大型马歇尔试样(直径150 mm,高95.3 mm),并依据规范给出的马歇尔稳定度及流值试验方法和劈裂试验方法[19],分别在40 ℃和16.5 ℃条件下进行力学性能试验,测定对应的马歇尔稳定度及流值和劈裂抗拉强度。最终试验结果取平均值。
室内振动压实试验结果如表2所示。可以看出, 各方案成型的沥青混凝土试样的上部密度均小于下部密度,反映了在振动压实过程中沥青混凝土的密度沿纵向分布的不均匀性,说明出现了一定的离析。试样上、下部的密度的比值越大,沥青混凝土的离析倾向性就越大。将密度比(试样下部密度与上部密度的比值)作为沥青混凝土离析的评价指标,采用极差分析法对室内振动压实试验方案试样的密度比进行分析,探究不同影响因素对心墙沥青混凝土离析的影响规律。表2中数据的极差分析结果如表3所示。可知,骨料最大粒径因素、试验温度因素和沥青用量因素的密度比的极差分别为0.004 2、0.004 1和0.003 6,结果说明骨料最大粒径对沥青混凝土离析的影响最大,其次是试验温度,而沥青用量对沥青混凝土离析的影响最小。进一步对比不同影响因素的3个水平的分析结果(e1e2e3对应的结果)可得,随骨料最大粒径的增大,试验温度的提高及沥青用量的增大,沥青混凝土的密度比逐渐增大,即大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土离析的倾向性逐渐变大。
基于上述试验结果,为进一步探究大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的离析特性,将骨料最大粒径为37.5 mm,沥青用量为6.20%的沥青混凝土配合比作为研究对象开展现场碾压试验。
首先,采用Shapiro-Wilk法[20]对每个工况下钻取的芯样的密度数据进行正态性检验;其次,在确定各工况下的密度数据符合正态分布后,利用统计学理论和“3σ”原理对密度数据进行统计分析并剔除在施工因素影响下密度数据的异常值[21];最后,利用一元方差理论对不同工况下沥青混凝土芯样的上、下部的密度数据进行分析,探究不同施工参数对其离析的影响规律。
一元方差理论采用组间离差平方和来反映试验因素的不同水平对所观测的变量的影响。相应的表达式为
S= i = 1 n m i ( x - i - x - ) 2
式(1)中:S为组间离差平方和;n为水平数量;mi为第i个水平组的样本观测值数量; x - i为第i个水平组的样本均值; x -为总体的样本均值。
在现场碾压试验中,钻取得沥青混凝土芯样上、下部密度的组间离差平方和反映了沥青混凝土纵向的深度对密度的影响。某一工况的组间离差平方和S越大,表明该工况下沥青混凝土上、下部密度偏差越大,则离析发生的倾向性越大,反之,密度偏差越小,离析发生的倾向性越小。为消除不同水平数对分析造成的影响,采用均方离差和D来表征离析倾向性,表达式为
D= S n - 1
设计4个工况如下。工况一:初碾温度130 ℃;摊铺厚度30 cm;工况二:初碾温度145 ℃;摊铺厚度30 cm;工况三:初碾温度145 ℃;摊铺厚度40 cm;工况四:初碾温度130 ℃;摊铺厚度40 cm。
各工况下密度数据的统计分析结果和均方离差和D计算结果如表4所示。可以看出,4种工况下大粒径骨料沥青混凝土芯样上、下部的密度数据均服从正态分布,且这些密度数据都在[μ-3σ,μ+3σ]范围内,无异常值,其中μ为平均值,σ为标准差。不同工况下骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土芯样上部密度均值均小于下部密度均值,说明在施工过程中出现了一定的离析,这与室内试验结果一致。
对比各工况的D可知,相同摊铺厚度下,初碾温度从130 ℃提高到145 ℃,芯样的D随之增大,说明温度升高后,成型的骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土离析倾向性随之增大,该结果与室内试验所得结果一致;相同初碾温度下,摊铺厚度从30 cm提高到40 cm,芯样的D随之减小,说明摊铺厚度提高后成型的大粒径骨料沥青混凝土离析倾向性会减小。4种工况的芯样的D的排序为:工况二>工况一>工况三>工况四,说明骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土在实际施工中,工况二初碾温度145 ℃,摊铺厚度30 cm施工条件下成型的沥青混凝土离析倾向性最大;其次是工况一初碾温度130 ℃,摊铺厚度30 cm;再次工况三初碾温度145 ℃,摊铺厚度40 cm;最小的是工况四初碾温度130 ℃,摊铺厚度40 cm施工条件。
骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的沥青混凝土的芯样上、下部的稳定度及流值和劈裂抗拉强度试验结果如表5所示。可知,不同工况条件下成型的大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的芯样的上部稳定度和劈裂抗拉强度均小于下部的稳定度和劈裂抗拉强度,而芯样上部的流值均大于下部的流值,这反映出了沥青混凝土基本力学性能沿纵向分布的不均匀性。以芯样上部基本力学性能指标的试验结果为基准,芯样下部的稳定度在各工况下相较芯样上部分别增大了4.95%、5.60%、3.18%和4.12%;芯样下部的流值在各工况下相较芯样上部分别减小了4.64%、5.83%、5.49%和4.72%;芯样下部的劈裂抗拉强度在各工况下相较芯样上部分别增大了3.58%、4.55%、3.02%和2.53%。试验结果表明骨料最大粒径37.5mm的沥青混凝土的芯样上、下部的基本力学性能的差异在不同工况条件下均在6%以内,均匀性良好。
前人关于沥青混凝土离析的研究大多集中在公路工程中的公路沥青混凝土,而其与用于水利工程中的心墙沥青混凝土在结构型式和配合比设计方面存在较大的差异,这些差异导致它们离析的产生存在不同,同时在各影响因素作用下,产生的离析规律也不完全相同。公路沥青混凝土的离析发生在沥青混凝土路面的不同横断面处,而心墙沥青混凝土摊铺厚度比公路沥青混凝土大很多,其离析发生在沥青混凝土沿摊铺厚度不同深度处。彭余华等[22]的研究表明,增大骨料最大粒径后,所配制的公路沥青混凝土表现出的离析也会增大,刘红瑛等[23]的研究得到了相同的结果,这一结果也与本次心墙沥青混凝土室内试验所得结果相同。彭余华等[24]针对温度离析的研究表明,温度高于不可压实温度时,公路沥青混凝土不同位置处并不会出现离析,而温度较低且较低温度区域较大时,离析则不可忽视,该结果与本试验结果(心墙沥青混凝土离析倾向性随温度的升高而增大)不同,这是因为公路沥青混凝土和心墙沥青混凝土结构型式的差异所致。周译汉[25]的研究表明,公路沥青混凝土的沥青用量增大后,提高了骨料间的黏结力,可以明显减小自身的离析程度。研究试验结果显示出了与之相反的结果,这是因为两种沥青混凝土配合比的设计存在较大的差异,对于心墙沥青混凝土,为了保证自身的防渗性能需要设计成富含沥青的骨架密实结构,增大沥青用量后,结构中会出现较多的自由沥青,使得包裹沥青的骨料更易滑动。研究还发现,在初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm施工条件下离析倾向性最大,其次是初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm施工条件,再次是初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm施工条件,离析倾向性最小的是初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm,且摊铺厚度增大、初碾温度升高后大粒径骨料沥青混凝土的离析有所减小;在上述不同的施工条件下,心墙沥青混凝土芯样上、下部基本力学性能的差异均在6%以内,均匀性良好。这一研究发现在前人关于沥青混凝土离析的研究中未见报道。
(1)骨料最大粒径因素对沥青混凝土离析的影响最大,其次是试验温度因素,沥青用量因素影响最小,且骨料粒径增大、沥青用量增大和试验温度升高后,心墙沥青混凝土离析倾向性随之增大。
(2)摊铺厚度增大、初碾温度升高后,骨料最大粒径37.5 mm的心墙沥青混凝土的离析倾向性会减小;不同施工条件下成型的大粒径骨料心墙沥青混凝土的离析倾向性由大到小分别是:工况二初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况一初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度30 cm,工况三初碾温度145 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm和工况四初碾温度130 ℃、摊铺厚度40 cm。
(3)4种工况下成型的骨料最大粒径37.5mm的心墙沥青混凝土的芯样上、下部的马歇尔稳定度、马歇尔流值和劈裂抗拉强度的差异均在6%以内,均匀性良好。
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A199)
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404829
  • 接收时间:2024-06-28
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-05-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-28
  • 修回日期:2025-02-06
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新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A199)
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    1 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052
    3 堤坝工程安全及灾害防治兵团重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830004

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* 何建新(1973—),男,汉族,河南扶沟人,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:水利工程岩土与建材。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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