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Article(id=1149773875065610247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404446, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718294400000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-14, revisedDate=1738771200000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057053580, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1746633600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057053580, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057053580, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057053580, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149773869357167407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='13', pageStart='5273', pageEnd='5704', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057052207, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456769392, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5429, endPage=5437, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149773875841556493, articleId=1149773875065610247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Numerical Simulation of Thermal Compensation Effect and Number of Production Wells on Heat Recovery Performance of CO2 Plume Geothermal System, columnId=1156264600770302582, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Energy and Power Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To achieve the integration of renewable energy utilization and CO2 emission reduction technology, high-temperature gas field geothermal resource extraction was conducted via the CO2 plume geothermal system, which merges the benefits of CO2 sequestration with deep geothermal resource development, facilitating the concurrent sequestration of CO2 during thermal extraction. Taking a high-temperature gas field as the target thermal storage, a three-dimensional thermal flow coupling model of cap rock thermal storage bedrock was constructed using COMSOL software to analyze the thermal compensation effect of the rock mass on both sides of the thermal storage and the relationship between the number of production wells and the system's thermal recovery performance. The findings indicate that during the advanced phases of the plume geothermal system's operation, when thermal compensation is considered, the fluid's temperature decline rate diminishes, resulting in an enhanced heat extraction rate and a greater heat extraction resource, while the thermal storage extraction degree is reduced, thereby extending the system's operational lifespan. It was discovered that increasing the number of production wells resulted in a smaller production fluid temperature decline. The operation of a CO2 plume geothermal system demonstrates that the thermal compensation effect of cap rock and bedrock on thermal storage, along with an increase in the number of production wells, can extend the system's lifespan, offering theoretical insights for the optimisation and practical implementation of CO2 plume geothermal systems in the future.

, correspAuthors=Mei-long FU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ju-yan WEI, Mei-long FU, Xu-dong LI, Li FANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149773914349461829, articleId=1149773875065610247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=热补偿作用与生产井数对CO2羽流地热系统采热性能的影响, columnId=1156264600912908920, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·能源与动力工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为实现可再生能源利用与CO2减排技术结合,通过CO2羽流地热系统进行高温气田地热资源开采。CO2羽流地热系统结合了CO2封存和深部地热资源开发两种优势,在采热时实现CO2的同步封存。以高温气田为目标热储,利用COMSOL软件,构建盖岩-热储-基岩的三维热-流耦合模型,分析热储上、下两侧岩体热补偿作用和生产井数与系统采热性能的关系。结果表明:在考虑热补偿时,羽流地热系统运行后期,流体温降速率降低,系统获得更高采热速率并取得较大热开采资源,热储开采程度更低,延长了系统运行寿命;在考虑生产井数时,发现增加生产井数,生产流体温度降幅越低。可见在CO2羽流地热系统运行中,盖岩和基岩对热储的热补偿作用和生产井数增加都能够延长系统寿命,为未来CO2羽流地热系统优化与实际应用提供理论参考。

, correspAuthors=付美龙, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 付美龙(1967—),男,汉族,湖北天门人,博士,教授。研究方向:油田化学、提高采收率和CCUS等。E-mail:。
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魏菊艳(1998—),女,汉族,陕西宝鸡人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地热能开发与利用。E-mail:。

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魏菊艳(1998—),女,汉族,陕西宝鸡人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地热能开发与利用。E-mail:。

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魏菊艳(1998—),女,汉族,陕西宝鸡人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地热能开发与利用。E-mail:。

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Reservoir physical parameters

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参数 热储参数 盖岩及基岩地质参数
储层比热容 900 J/(kg·℃) 1 000 J/(kg·℃)
储层密度 2 600 kg/m3 2 800 kg/m3
储层导热系数 2.5 W/(m·℃) 3 W/(m·℃)
储层渗透率 45.5 mD 0.01 mD
储层孔隙度 0.155 0.05
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储层物性参数

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参数 热储参数 盖岩及基岩地质参数
储层比热容 900 J/(kg·℃) 1 000 J/(kg·℃)
储层密度 2 600 kg/m3 2 800 kg/m3
储层导热系数 2.5 W/(m·℃) 3 W/(m·℃)
储层渗透率 45.5 mD 0.01 mD
储层孔隙度 0.155 0.05
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热补偿作用与生产井数对CO2羽流地热系统采热性能的影响
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魏菊艳 , 付美龙 * , 黎旭东 , 方丽
科学技术与工程 | 论文·能源与动力工程 2025,25(13): 5429-5437
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·能源与动力工程 2025, 25(13): 5429-5437
热补偿作用与生产井数对CO2羽流地热系统采热性能的影响
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魏菊艳 , 付美龙* , 黎旭东, 方丽
作者信息
  • 长江大学石油工程学院油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430100

    • 魏菊艳(1998—),女,汉族,陕西宝鸡人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地热能开发与利用。E-mail:。

通讯作者:

* 付美龙(1967—),男,汉族,湖北天门人,博士,教授。研究方向:油田化学、提高采收率和CCUS等。E-mail:。
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Compensation Effect and Number of Production Wells on Heat Recovery Performance of CO2 Plume Geothermal System
Ju-yan WEI , Mei-long FU* , Xu-dong LI, Li FANG
Affiliations
  • Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering, College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
出版时间: 2025-05-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404446
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摘要
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为实现可再生能源利用与CO2减排技术结合,通过CO2羽流地热系统进行高温气田地热资源开采。CO2羽流地热系统结合了CO2封存和深部地热资源开发两种优势,在采热时实现CO2的同步封存。以高温气田为目标热储,利用COMSOL软件,构建盖岩-热储-基岩的三维热-流耦合模型,分析热储上、下两侧岩体热补偿作用和生产井数与系统采热性能的关系。结果表明:在考虑热补偿时,羽流地热系统运行后期,流体温降速率降低,系统获得更高采热速率并取得较大热开采资源,热储开采程度更低,延长了系统运行寿命;在考虑生产井数时,发现增加生产井数,生产流体温度降幅越低。可见在CO2羽流地热系统运行中,盖岩和基岩对热储的热补偿作用和生产井数增加都能够延长系统寿命,为未来CO2羽流地热系统优化与实际应用提供理论参考。

CO2羽流地热系统  /  地热能开发  /  热补偿  /  生产井数  /  数值模拟

To achieve the integration of renewable energy utilization and CO2 emission reduction technology, high-temperature gas field geothermal resource extraction was conducted via the CO2 plume geothermal system, which merges the benefits of CO2 sequestration with deep geothermal resource development, facilitating the concurrent sequestration of CO2 during thermal extraction. Taking a high-temperature gas field as the target thermal storage, a three-dimensional thermal flow coupling model of cap rock thermal storage bedrock was constructed using COMSOL software to analyze the thermal compensation effect of the rock mass on both sides of the thermal storage and the relationship between the number of production wells and the system's thermal recovery performance. The findings indicate that during the advanced phases of the plume geothermal system's operation, when thermal compensation is considered, the fluid's temperature decline rate diminishes, resulting in an enhanced heat extraction rate and a greater heat extraction resource, while the thermal storage extraction degree is reduced, thereby extending the system's operational lifespan. It was discovered that increasing the number of production wells resulted in a smaller production fluid temperature decline. The operation of a CO2 plume geothermal system demonstrates that the thermal compensation effect of cap rock and bedrock on thermal storage, along with an increase in the number of production wells, can extend the system's lifespan, offering theoretical insights for the optimisation and practical implementation of CO2 plume geothermal systems in the future.

CO2 plume geothermal system  /  geothermal energy development  /  thermal compensation  /  number of production wells  /  numerical modelling
魏菊艳, 付美龙, 黎旭东, 方丽. 热补偿作用与生产井数对CO2羽流地热系统采热性能的影响. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5429 -5437 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404446
Ju-yan WEI, Mei-long FU, Xu-dong LI, Li FANG. Numerical Simulation of Thermal Compensation Effect and Number of Production Wells on Heat Recovery Performance of CO2 Plume Geothermal System[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (13) : 5429 -5437 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404446
正文
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在当前全球能源向清洁和可持续能源转型的时代,为了应对温室气体带来的挑战,CO2捕获和储存被广泛认为是减少CO2排放到大气中的重要手段[1-3]。Randolph等[4]提出CO2羽流地热系统的概念。CO2羽流地热系统(CO2-plume geothermal system,CPGS)是将超临界CO2从注入井注入高渗透性热含水层中,用于地热资源的提取,同时将最初注入的CO2在地层中封存起来。
CPGS研究对象为深部热储层,热储上、下两侧均为渗透率较低的岩体。随CPGS的运行,注入的低温CO2与热储换热过程中,热储被冷却,导致盖岩、基岩与热储温差变大,盖岩与基岩对热储存在加热作用,即对热储的热补偿作用。因为系统运行时间长(基本为几十年),所以盖岩与基岩会持续为热储进行热补偿作用,对热储内部换热和系统采热性能有重要影响,这种影响不可忽略。
先前研究仅关注了热储性质,如热储岩石比热容、初始渗透率、初始温度、初始厚度等[5-10],针对盖岩和基岩对热储热补偿作用的分析资料较少。现在学者们建立模型时,对热储热补偿作用的处理分为两种:一种是把热储边界设置成随时间变化的,这种方式考虑了盖岩和基岩热补偿作用对系统采热性能的影响[11-12],更符合实际开采情况;另一种是将热储边界设置为绝热边界,这种设置未考虑基岩与盖岩对热储的热补偿作用,模拟计算的系统采热量与实际采热量相差较大。程继良等[13]通过对增强型地热系统(enhanced geothermal system,EGS)在不同地质环境下的开采过程进行数值模拟分析得到:热储周边岩体的热补偿作用对提升流体温度具有积极影响。Jiang等[14]在热储周围设置渗透率可忽略的岩体,考虑周边岩体的热补偿作用,和之前两种处理方式相比更贴近实际情况。模型针对研究CO2-EGS时忽略了热储中的水。李静岩等[15-16]采用数值模拟方式建立三维模型,研究不同条件下,岩石的热补偿作用对热储温度分布和流体温度的影响。研究结果表明:盖岩和基岩对热储热补偿的作用对系统采热性能具有正向影响。例如在冰岛的一些高温地热田中,周边岩石的热补偿作用显著提升了地热井中流体的温度;基于青海共和盆地地热田实测数据,建立流体传热模型,发现考虑盖岩与基岩热补偿作用使产出流体温度升高,提高系统运行时间。
目前关于从低渗高温废弃气藏中开发地热资源的研究很少。由于CO2独有的性质和良好的流动性,所以现将CO2作为地热开采的载热介质,将充满CO2的热储作为研究对象,通过COMSOL软件构建盖岩-热储-基岩三维热-流耦合模型,分析忽略热补偿作用与考虑热补偿作用时,热储岩石温度分布情况,生产井流体温度、采热速率、累计采热量以及储层开采程度随时间的变化规律。在考虑岩体热补偿作用时,通过分析盖岩与基岩岩体的温度分布情况,发现基岩的热补偿作用强于盖岩的热补偿作用。同时考虑热补偿作用时,在系统运行50年后,生产流体温度与采热速率随着生产井数的增加而增加,延长了系统运行寿命。以期为未来CPGS的优化、提高系统经济效益及系统实际应用提供理论参考。
1 模型简述
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CPGS模型由生产井、注入井、热储及上下岩体组成。该模型将CPGS地下部分划分为3个部分:①生产井和注入井为开式流道;②热储层设置为多孔介质;③热储的上下侧岩石渗透率很小。模拟在初始模型中充满CO2的情况,流体和岩石不发生化学作用。COMSOL采用的控制方程[12]如下。
连续性方程:
∂ ( φ ρ c ) ∂ t+ ·(ρcvc)=0
动量方程:
vc=- K c μ c( Pc-ρcg)
岩石的能量方程:
∂ ∂ t[(1-φ)ρsCsT]= [(1-φ)ks T]+(1-φ)qs
固体的能量方程:
∂ ∂ t[φScρcec]=- ρchcvc+ φckc T+φqf
式中:φ为孔隙率;t为时间,s;ρc为CO2密度,kg/m3;vc为CO2速度,m/s;Pc为流体压力,Pa;Kc为渗透率,m2;μc为流体黏度,Pa·s;g为重力加速度矢量,方向向下,m/s2;ρs为岩石密度,kg/m3;Cs为岩石比热容,J/(kg·K);T为温度,K;ks为岩体导热系数,W/(m·K);qs为岩体内热源,W/m3;Sc为CO2饱和度;ec为CO2比内能,J/kg;hc为CO2比焓,J/kg;kc为CO2导热系数,W/m·K;qf为流体内热源,W/m3。
2 模型设置
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基础模型采用一采一注布井方式,如图1所示。模型整体规模为500 m×500 m×300 m,热储、基岩和盖岩的厚度均为100 m,热储中心位于地下3 150 m,热储周边被大量致密岩体包裹。注入井与生产井井距为300 m,生产井和注入井半径均为0.15 m的圆柱通道。
区块中充满CO2,地表温度和地温梯度分别设为293.15 K,0.039 8 K/m。忽略流体在井筒中的流动和换热,注入井注入流量为20 kg/s,生产井底压力设为30 MPa。注入井的CO2温度为308.15 K。其中忽略热补偿时,将热储上下侧岩体与热储的接触面设为绝热边界。考虑热补偿时,将热储上下侧岩体与热储的接触面设为开放边界。盖岩、热储及基岩的物性参数如表1所示。
3 结果与讨论
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3.1 岩层温度分布情况
图2为考虑有无热补偿作用时,热储岩层温度随时间的分布情况。从图2可知,从注入井注入低温CO2后,注入井周围岩体温度迅速下降,形成低温区,随系统运行,低温CO2向生产井扩散,低温区域也向生产井方向延伸。在纵向上,由于重力作用导致热储底部CO2流速快,热储底部岩石温度降低快。图2(a)、图2(c)、图2(e)、图2(g)、图2(i)展示了盖岩与基岩对热储热补偿作用随时间的变化情况。在纵向上热补偿作用在靠近基岩和盖岩的部分较强,热储中部的热补偿作用较弱,导致热储上部和底部温度变化慢,中部温度变化快[15-16],图2(b)、图2(d)、图2(f)、图2(h)、图2(j)展示了无热补偿作用时,盖岩与基岩随时间的变化情况。
图3展示了考虑盖岩和基岩对热储热补偿时,盖岩和基岩的温度场随时间的分布情况。因为流体对流传热作用导致热储交界处的盖岩和基岩温度下降。在注入井周围岩体形成低温区,随系统运行,低温CO2向生产井扩散。由于盖岩与基岩的渗透率很小,基本不存在渗流,岩体温度变化由岩石传热造成,所以低温区域在纵向延伸速度很慢。通过图3(a)、图3(c)、图3(e)、图3(g)、图3(i)和图3(b)、图3(d)、图3(f)、图3(h)、图3(j)发现,系统运行至50年时,垂直方向上基岩中低温区域面积大于盖岩的低温面积,由此可以看出,在整个开采过程中,基岩的热量损失更加显著。
3.2 热补偿作用对CPGS的影响
3.2.1 生产流体温度变化
图4为考虑热补偿作用和忽略热补偿作用时,生产流体温度随时间的变化图。从图4可知,考虑盖岩和基岩对热储热补偿作用时,生产流体温度下降时间早,下降速率慢;忽略热补偿作用时,生产流体温度出现下降时间晚,下降速率快。为了解释这一现象,图5给出了系统运行50年时,考虑热补偿和忽略热补偿时储层中的渗流速度,可以看出考虑热补偿时的渗流速度大于忽略热补偿时的渗流速度。这是因为在考虑盖岩与基岩对热储热补偿时,热储整体温度较高,高温下CO2流体黏度低,流动速度快,加强和热储的换热作用,所以流体温度出现明显下降时间提前。同时因为盖岩与基岩对热储的加热作用,减慢了热储温度的下降速率,所以生产流体温度的下降速率也较为缓慢。
3.2.2 采热速率
采热速率的计算表达式[15]为
G=Fpro(hpro-hinj)
式(5)中:G为采热速率,W;Fpro为二氧化碳的质量流量,kg/s;hpro为生产井二氧化碳的焓值,J/kg;hinj为注入井二氧化碳的焓值,J/kg。
图6为考虑热补偿作用和忽略热补偿作用时,采热速率的变化曲线。可知,采热速率随时间的变化与生产流体温度随时间的变化是一致的。通过对比分析两种情况下采热速率的变化曲线发现:CPGS运行6.5年后,盖岩和基岩对热储的热补偿作用明显,在6.5年后考虑热补偿的采热速率较忽略热补偿的采热速率要高。这是因为:随系统的运行,盖岩和基岩对热储的热补偿作用增强,热储温度下降速率较低,导致考虑热补偿作用的采热速率高于忽略热补偿时的采热速率。同时考虑热补偿作用提高CPGS的采热速率,降低采热速率的下降幅度,从而使系统达到更好的采热性能和更稳定的产能。
3.2.3 系统累积采出能量
累积采出能量定义为生产井射孔段采热速率对时间的积分,其计算表达式[16]为
γ= ∫ 0 t qρfcp,f(Tout-Tin)dt
式(6)中:γ为累积采出能量,J;t为累积生产时间,s;q为工质质量流量,kg/s;ρf为工质密度,kg/m3;cp,f为工质在恒定压力下的比热容,J/(kg·K);Tout为产出温度,K;Tin为注入温度,K。
图7给出了不同情况下,累积采出能量随时间的变化曲线。随CPGS运行,累积采出能量增大。在系统运行前期,两种情况下累积采出能量差别不大,随着系统的运行,考虑热补偿的累积采出能量高于忽略热补偿的累积采出能量。原因在于盖岩和基岩对热储进行热补偿作用后,CO2不仅可以从热储中获得热量,也可以从盖岩和基岩中获得热量,而忽略盖岩与基岩对热储的热补偿后,CO2仅从热储中获得热量,从而导致忽略热补偿时累积采出能量的较低。
3.2.4 储层开采程度
储层开采程度计算表达式[16]为
η= ∫ ∫ ∫ V s ρ s c p , s [ T i - T ( t ) ] d v ∫ ∫ ∫ V s ρ s c p , s ( T i - T i n ) d v×100%
式(7)中:η为储层采出程度;Vs为裂缝储层区域的体积,m3;ρs为储层岩石的密度,kg/m3;cp,s为储层岩石的等压热容,J/(kg·℃);Ti为储层原始温度,℃;Tin为注入温度,℃;v为体积元素;dv为积分过程中考虑的微小体积。
图8给出考虑热补偿作用和忽略热补偿作用时,储层开采程度随时间的变化曲线。随着CPGS运行,储层开采程度增大,考虑热补偿时的储层开采程度比忽略时的储层采出程度小。主要原因是:在忽略热补偿时,盖岩与基岩和热储的交界面处于绝热状态,CO2仅从热储中获得热量,因而流体在热储内的扩散体积大;而考虑热补偿时,随系统运行,CO2不仅从热储中获得热量,也逐渐从盖岩和基岩中获取热量,因此在热储中的扩散体积小,导致热储的采出程度小。
3.3 考虑生产井数对采热性能的影响
在地热系统的设计中,合理布局井网是至关重要的,它影响到系统采热性能和经济效益。生产井的数量对地下流体渗流的均衡性具有显著影响。渗流分布不均,会导致地热储层中的热量无法被充分有效地开采出来,进而限制系统的整体效能,并可能缩短其有效运行周期;注入井数影响到流体的渗流面积及渗流量,较小的渗流面积可能伴随着局部高渗流量,影响系统的长期稳定运行,缩短运行寿命。
分析生产井数对流体温度和采热速率的影响。设置1口注入井,在其他参数不变的基础上,设置2口生产井、4口生产井、6口生产井和8口生产井共4种方案,井数方案如图9所示。
图10、图11展示了4种方案生产流体温度和采热速率的变化情况。生产井数越多,流体温度和采热速率在系统运行50年时越高。生产井数从2口井到8口井,CPGS运行10年时,流体温度分别为416.1、417.87、414.36、413.27 K,采热速率分别约为3 132 000、3 182 400、3 090 500、3 063 000 W,运行50年时流体温度分别为392.49、394.53、394.5、395.96 K,采热速率分别为2 403 200、2 543 500、2 532 200、2 576 700 W。另外从流体温降幅度来看,生产井数越多流体温降幅度越低,在生产井数为8时,温降幅度最低,大约为12.4%,而生产井数为2、4、6时,流体温度降幅分别约为16.5%、16.1%和14.1%。由图12可知,在生产井数由2增加到8的过程中,低温区域逐渐扩大,同时采热面积也扩大。生产井数为8时,低温区域与四周边界更近,没有出现生产井数为2时热储四周流动弱、流动不均匀的情况。由模拟结果可知,生产井数越多,流场分布越均匀,换热能力提高。与基础模型的一采一注系统相比,尽管在相同的计算区域内,生产井数为8的系统在50年时的生产流体温度为395.96 K,一采一注仍系统在50年时的生产流体温度为388.80 K,比一采一注系统提高7.96 K。但是从目前的钻井工艺和费用来看,一采一注仍为最基本的采热方式[17-18]。
4 结论
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利用COMSOL软件建立盖岩-热储-基岩三维热-流耦合模型,对比分析有无热补偿作用对系统采热性能的影响及在考虑热补偿作用时,分析生产井数对系统采热性能的影响,得到以下结论。
(1)考虑热补偿作用时,系统运行后期生产流体温降速率较慢,可以延长系统运行时间,有利于提高系统的采热速率,降低系统采热速率的下降范围,提高了系统的采热能力和生产的稳定性;此外,在考虑热补偿之后,系统的累计采出量有了显著提高。
(2)在忽略热补偿时,盖岩与基岩和热储的交界面为绝热状态,CO2只从热储中提取热量,因此CO2在热储中的扩散体积更大;而考虑热补偿时,随系统的运行,CO2不仅从热储中提取热量,也可以从盖岩和基岩中获得的热量,所以在热储中的扩散体积小,导致热储的开采程度低。因此在考虑热补偿时,储层的运行寿命比忽略热补偿时更长。
(3)在考虑热补偿时,研究生产井数对系统采热性能的影响。研究发现:生产井数越多生产流体温降幅度越低。在系统运行50年后,8口生产井的生产流体温度和采热速率均为最高。但是考虑钻井工艺和费用后,一采一注仍是最基本的采热方式。以上研究为未来CPGS的实际工程应用提供了理论指导也为未来系统的优化奠定基础。
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  • 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(42302286)
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2025年第25卷第13期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404446
  • 接收时间：2024-06-14
  • 首发时间：2025-07-09
  • 出版时间：2025-05-08
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  • 收稿日期：2024-06-14
  • 修回日期：2025-02-06
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(42302286)
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    长江大学石油工程学院油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430100

通讯作者:

* 付美龙(1967—),男,汉族,湖北天门人,博士,教授。研究方向:油田化学、提高采收率和CCUS等。E-mail:。
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