Article(id=1149773874918809604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404351, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718121600000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-12, revisedDate=1738684800000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057053545, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1746633600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057053545, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057053545, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057053545, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149773869357167407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='13', pageStart='5273', pageEnd='5704', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057052207, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456769392, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559268744253991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149773869357167407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5501, endPage=5514, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149773875774447628, articleId=1149773874918809604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Dynamic Multi-subswarm Salp Swarm Algorithm for Solving Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Three-dimensional Path Planning Problem, columnId=1156262729162810294, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Automation and Computational Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The Unmanned aerial vehicles three-dimensional path planning problem is a combinatorial optimization problem to find the optimal path between the starting point and the endpoint in complex three-dimensional environment, but most path planning algorithms struggle to find feasible paths within acceptable time and precision range, therefore, a dynamic multi-subswarm salp swarm algorithm based on K-means++ clustering optimization was proposed to address the aforementioned issue. Firstly, a new cost function incorporating height cost was proposed within the three-dimensional environment model. The path planning problem was converted into a multi-dimensional function optimization issue. Secondly, the population was clustered using the K-means++ clustering algorithm, and a dynamic multi-subswarm mechanism was designed to balance the algorithm's global search and local exploitation. Each subswarm collaborates with multiple strategies for improvement, avoiding the algorithm from being trapped in local optima while enhancing global optimization capability. Finally, after validating the algorithm against five algorithms ISSA, MSNSSA, IBSO, MBFPA, and SSA using 12 CEC2017 benchmark test functions, it was applied to solve the optimal path planning problem in three-dimensional environments. Simulation results under different environmental models demonstrate that the algorithm's average effective path rate is increased by 15.5%, 11%, 23%, 20.5% and 18% compared to the other five algorithms, confirming its excellent optimization capability in complex environments.
, correspAuthors=Guang-fu WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Guang-fu WU, Xiao-lin WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149773906422227774, articleId=1149773874918809604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=求解无人机三维路径规划问题的动态多子群樽海鞘群算法, columnId=1156262729783567290, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·自动化技术、计算机技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
无人机三维路径规划问题是在复杂三维环境中找到起点与终点之间最优路径的组合优化问题,但大多数路径规划算法难以在可接受的时间和精度范围内找到可行路径,因此提出了一种基于K-means++聚类优化的动态多子群樽海鞘群算法用于解决上述问题。首先,在三维环境模型中结合高度成本提出新的成本函数,将路径规划问题转化为多维函数优化问题。其次,采用K-means++聚类算法对种群进行分群,并设计动态多子群机制均衡算法的全局搜索与局部开发;各子群结合多策略协同改进,在避免算法陷入局部最优的同时提高全局寻优能力。最后,在12个CEC2017基准测试函数中验证了该算法对比其他5种算法(ISSA、MSNSSA、IBSO、MBFPA、SSA)的性能后,将其应用于三维环境中对最优路径规划问题进行求解。在不同的环境模型下的仿真实验结果表明,该算法的平均有效路径率相较于其他5种算法分别提高了15.5%、11%、23%、20.5%和18%,这证实了该算法在复杂环境下具有优秀的寻优能力。
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巫光福(1977—),男,汉族,江西玉山人,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:信息论与编码、密码学、信息安全、区块链等。E-mail:wuguangfu@126.com。
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巫光福(1977—),男,汉族,江西玉山人,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:信息论与编码、密码学、信息安全、区块链等。E-mail:wuguangfu@126.com。
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巫光福(1977—),男,汉族,江西玉山人,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:信息论与编码、密码学、信息安全、区块链等。E-mail:wuguangfu@126.com。
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Environmental model, figureFileSmall=QIMAtU7rzJR3+cYQzs9wZg==, figureFileBig=NxXbmLW2kk1wZkEwfOF3Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532371968432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
环境模型, figureFileSmall=QIMAtU7rzJR3+cYQzs9wZg==, figureFileBig=NxXbmLW2kk1wZkEwfOF3Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532422300081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Cubic B-spline curve interpolation, figureFileSmall=QXS171GCoPHdudukbgD/dA==, figureFileBig=+OUaEt6v/jn+VASdHALZlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532472631730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
三次B样条曲线插值 蓝色圈点为路径点;蓝色折线为连接各个路径点的路径;红色曲线则为经过三次B样条曲线插值技术处理后的路径,使路径更平滑
, figureFileSmall=QXS171GCoPHdudukbgD/dA==, figureFileBig=+OUaEt6v/jn+VASdHALZlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532522963379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Flight angle constraint diagram, figureFileSmall=MKdZR2lbCLt/lHFWmpPRMw==, figureFileBig=8AUuvRW23hgvoGBww1D+Mg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532602655156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
飞行转角约束, figureFileSmall=MKdZR2lbCLt/lHFWmpPRMw==, figureFileBig=8AUuvRW23hgvoGBww1D+Mg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532699124150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Population division schematic diagram, figureFileSmall=PNwqKALz6TaJ+KO04kxHNw==, figureFileBig=Jj0M+Q7OR3eWx9AMR6/R0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532787204537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
种群划分示意图, figureFileSmall=PNwqKALz6TaJ+KO04kxHNw==, figureFileBig=Jj0M+Q7OR3eWx9AMR6/R0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532850119100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Differences of c1 between SSA and DMSSSA, figureFileSmall=C54ZZyODd2yR8dUOVABRSQ==, figureFileBig=eM08RGINtHovufuS6iOyVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498532942393791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
c1在SSA和DMSSSA之间的差异, figureFileSmall=C54ZZyODd2yR8dUOVABRSQ==, figureFileBig=eM08RGINtHovufuS6iOyVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533059834307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Precision elimination strategy, figureFileSmall=Qts/VcagQsIl6QM5On5NQA==, figureFileBig=BxuLfInLgswqazFlbs/+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533160497605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
精密消除策略, figureFileSmall=Qts/VcagQsIl6QM5On5NQA==, figureFileBig=BxuLfInLgswqazFlbs/+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533231800774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Flowchart of DMSSSA, figureFileSmall=gEtWQ7l7KNYm1Um6FkRagw==, figureFileBig=o32C0ASQ0gBUJRol82yOTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533307298248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
DMSSSA的执行流程, figureFileSmall=gEtWQ7l7KNYm1Um6FkRagw==, figureFileBig=o32C0ASQ0gBUJRol82yOTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533370212809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Average convergence curve plots of each algorithm, figureFileSmall=tWvj86XYSAXSvL/jaSESLQ==, figureFileBig=/V3L54S0T/BArZNZTBgzzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533437321675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
各算法平均收敛曲线图, figureFileSmall=tWvj86XYSAXSvL/jaSESLQ==, figureFileBig=/V3L54S0T/BArZNZTBgzzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533487653325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Performance analysis of various algorithms in different model, figureFileSmall=U5YKXXGPWTfDd2e6fErTuA==, figureFileBig=jyzNBFJhNlUXyBSFBc8h4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533546373582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
各算法在不同模型中的性能分析, figureFileSmall=U5YKXXGPWTfDd2e6fErTuA==, figureFileBig=jyzNBFJhNlUXyBSFBc8h4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175498533596705232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Benchmark function
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 函数 | 函数名称 | 类型 | |
| F1 | Shifted and Rotated Rosenbrock's Function | Simple Multimodal Functions | 400 |
| F2 | Shifted and Rotated Rastrigin's Function | 500 |
| F3 | Shifted and Rotated Expanded Scaffer's F6 Function | 600 |
| F4 | Shifted and Rotated Non-Continuous Rastrigin's Function | 800 |
| F5 | Hybrid Function 2 (N=3) | Hybrid Functions | 1 200 |
| F6 | Hybrid Function 4 (N=4) | 1 400 |
| F7 | Hybrid Function 6 (N=4) | 1 600 |
| F8 | Hybrid Function 6 (N=6) | 2 000 |
| F9 | Composition Function 2 (N=3) | Composition Functions | 2 200 |
| F10 | Composition Function 3 (N=4) | 2 300 |
| F11 | Composition Function 5 (N=5) | 2 500 |
| F12 | Composition Function 8 (N=6) | 2 800 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498533663814098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
测试函数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 函数 | 函数名称 | 类型 | |
| F1 | Shifted and Rotated Rosenbrock's Function | Simple Multimodal Functions | 400 |
| F2 | Shifted and Rotated Rastrigin's Function | 500 |
| F3 | Shifted and Rotated Expanded Scaffer's F6 Function | 600 |
| F4 | Shifted and Rotated Non-Continuous Rastrigin's Function | 800 |
| F5 | Hybrid Function 2 (N=3) | Hybrid Functions | 1 200 |
| F6 | Hybrid Function 4 (N=4) | 1 400 |
| F7 | Hybrid Function 6 (N=4) | 1 600 |
| F8 | Hybrid Function 6 (N=6) | 2 000 |
| F9 | Composition Function 2 (N=3) | Composition Functions | 2 200 |
| F10 | Composition Function 3 (N=4) | 2 300 |
| F11 | Composition Function 5 (N=5) | 2 500 |
| F12 | Composition Function 8 (N=6) | 2 800 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498533735117268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Parameter settings of algorithms
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法 | 参数设置 |
| DMSSSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2.5,R=rand(0,50) |
| ISSA | D=100,Ninit=30,Ntot=240,Tmax=500,m=2 |
| MSNSSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2.5,b=2 |
| IBSO | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,c1=0.5,c2=0.05,c3=2 |
MBFPA SSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,c=0.01,a=0.1 D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498533789643222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
算法的参数设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法 | 参数设置 |
| DMSSSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2.5,R=rand(0,50) |
| ISSA | D=100,Ninit=30,Ntot=240,Tmax=500,m=2 |
| MSNSSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2.5,b=2 |
| IBSO | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,c1=0.5,c2=0.05,c3=2 |
MBFPA SSA | D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,c=0.01,a=0.1 D=100,N=30,Tmax=500,m=2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498533856752088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Friedman statistical results
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 30维 | 50维 | 100维 |
| P | 2.312 5×10-9 | 5.342 3×10-10 | 3.776 4×10-9 |
| ISSA | 2.15 | 2.33 | 1.95 |
| MSNSSA | 3.77 | 3.65 | 4.08 |
| IBSO | 3.32 | 4.45 | 5.16 |
| MBFPA | 3.77 | 3.97 | 3.21 |
| SSA | 5.24 | 5.05 | 4.93 |
| DMSSSA | 1.16 | 1.04 | 1.34 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498533961609690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
Friedman 统计结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 30维 | 50维 | 100维 |
| P | 2.312 5×10-9 | 5.342 3×10-10 | 3.776 4×10-9 |
| ISSA | 2.15 | 2.33 | 1.95 |
| MSNSSA | 3.77 | 3.65 | 4.08 |
| IBSO | 3.32 | 4.45 | 5.16 |
| MBFPA | 3.77 | 3.97 | 3.21 |
| SSA | 5.24 | 5.05 | 4.93 |
| DMSSSA | 1.16 | 1.04 | 1.34 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534066467292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Test results of each strategies
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 函数 | 平均值/方差 |
| SSA | DMSSSA1 | DMSSSA2 | DMSSSA3 | DMSSSA |
| F1 | 3.04×104/6.51×103 | 1.97×104/3.66×103 | 1.34×104/2.80×103 | 1.25×104/2.76×103 | 1.31×103/7.63×101 |
| F2 | 1.62×103/1.13×102 | 1.53×103/7.72×101 | 1.50×103/6.12×101 | 1.47×103/7.48×101 | 1.33×103/4.27×101 |
| F3 | 7.28×102/7.32×100 | 7.03×102/4.98×100 | 6.80×102/3.76×100 | 6.85×102/4.04×100 | 6.79×102/3.12×100 |
| F4 | 2.21×103/9.58×101 | 2.20×103/1.06×102 | 2.09×103/1.21×102 | 2.11×103/8.67×101 | 1.92×103/7.50×101 |
| F5 | 7.46×108/2.61×108 | 6.21×108/2.25×109 | 6.15×108/1.33×1010 | 6.20×108/8.20×108 | 5.96×108/1.78×108 |
| F6 | 2.43×104/4.07×103 | 2.31×104/5.17×103 | 1.43×104/4.37×103 | 3.34×104/3.50×103 | 1.21×104/1.42×103 |
| F7 | 8.43×103/9.25×102 | 8.27×103/9.62×102 | 8.17×103/8.64×102 | 8.22×103/1.07×103 | 7.39×103/9.48×102 |
| F8 | 6.63×103/4.54×102 | 6.30×103/4.33×102 | 6.19×103/3.42×102 | 6.11×103/2.45×102 | 5.75×103/6.33×102 |
| F9 | 2.56×104/1.71×103 | 2.38×104/1.57×103 | 2.29×104/1.36×103 | 2.33×104/1.73×103 | 2.22×104/1.84×103 |
| F10 | 4.79×103/2.30×102 | 4.61×103/2.19×102 | 4.58×103/2.21×102 | 4.64×103/2.97×102 | 4.57×103/1.09×102 |
| F11 | 8.13×103/6.93×102 | 8.01×103/9.74×102 | 6.96×103/1.11×103 | 6.72×103/2.24×103 | 3.78×103/9.55×101 |
| F12 | 7.20×103/1.03×103 | 7.02×103/7.95×102 | 6.97×103/1.45×103 | 6.89×103/1.60×103 | 4.14×103/1.18×102 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534246822365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
各策略测试结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 函数 | 平均值/方差 |
| SSA | DMSSSA1 | DMSSSA2 | DMSSSA3 | DMSSSA |
| F1 | 3.04×104/6.51×103 | 1.97×104/3.66×103 | 1.34×104/2.80×103 | 1.25×104/2.76×103 | 1.31×103/7.63×101 |
| F2 | 1.62×103/1.13×102 | 1.53×103/7.72×101 | 1.50×103/6.12×101 | 1.47×103/7.48×101 | 1.33×103/4.27×101 |
| F3 | 7.28×102/7.32×100 | 7.03×102/4.98×100 | 6.80×102/3.76×100 | 6.85×102/4.04×100 | 6.79×102/3.12×100 |
| F4 | 2.21×103/9.58×101 | 2.20×103/1.06×102 | 2.09×103/1.21×102 | 2.11×103/8.67×101 | 1.92×103/7.50×101 |
| F5 | 7.46×108/2.61×108 | 6.21×108/2.25×109 | 6.15×108/1.33×1010 | 6.20×108/8.20×108 | 5.96×108/1.78×108 |
| F6 | 2.43×104/4.07×103 | 2.31×104/5.17×103 | 1.43×104/4.37×103 | 3.34×104/3.50×103 | 1.21×104/1.42×103 |
| F7 | 8.43×103/9.25×102 | 8.27×103/9.62×102 | 8.17×103/8.64×102 | 8.22×103/1.07×103 | 7.39×103/9.48×102 |
| F8 | 6.63×103/4.54×102 | 6.30×103/4.33×102 | 6.19×103/3.42×102 | 6.11×103/2.45×102 | 5.75×103/6.33×102 |
| F9 | 2.56×104/1.71×103 | 2.38×104/1.57×103 | 2.29×104/1.36×103 | 2.33×104/1.73×103 | 2.22×104/1.84×103 |
| F10 | 4.79×103/2.30×102 | 4.61×103/2.19×102 | 4.58×103/2.21×102 | 4.64×103/2.97×102 | 4.57×103/1.09×102 |
| F11 | 8.13×103/6.93×102 | 8.01×103/9.74×102 | 6.96×103/1.11×103 | 6.72×103/2.24×103 | 3.78×103/9.55×101 |
| F12 | 7.20×103/1.03×103 | 7.02×103/7.95×102 | 6.97×103/1.45×103 | 6.89×103/1.60×103 | 4.14×103/1.18×102 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534385234399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Results from 30 runs of each algorithm in 100 dimensions
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| 函数 | 指标 | ISSA | MSNSSA | IBSO | MBFPA | SSA | DMSSSA |
F1 | 平均值 方差 | 4.28×103 1.05×103 | 2.83×103 5.07×102 | 4.87×103 1.37×103 | 3.58×103 8.83×102 | 4.57×104 1.17×104 | 1.22×103 1.05×102 |
| 排名 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F2 | 平均值 方差 | 1.62×103 1.09×102 | 1.48×103 8.29×101 | 1.71×103 1.32×102 | 1.44×103 6.58×102 | 1.95×103 1.05×102 | 1.38×103 6.36×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F3 | 平均值 方差 | 6.87×102 6.01×100 | 6.74×102 4.44×100 | 6.92×102 7.94×100 | 6.76×102 7.52×100 | 6.99×102 6.58×100 | 6.69×102 4.26×100 |
| 排名 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F4 | 平均值 方差 | 1.95×103 1.12×102 | 1.86×103 1.11×102 | 2.08×103 1.39×102 | 1.85×103 8.49×101 | 2.40×103 1.14×102 | 1.82×103 8.43×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F5 | 平均值 方差 | 2.79×109 1.11×109 | 1.58×109 6.94×108 | 4.94×109 1.81×109 | 4.99×109 8.73×109 | 5.38×109 1.61×109 | 6.39×108 1.34×108 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
F6 | 平均值 方差 | 8.79×103 1.10×103 | 8.36×103 9.05×102 | 9.97×103 1.33×103 | 8.98×103 3.30×102 | 1.34×104 1.64×104 | 7.76×103 7.45×102 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
F7 | 平均值 方差 | 9.64×103 1.13×103 | 1.22×104 1.55×103 | 1.26×104 1.73×103 | 1.04×104 2.43×103 | 1.68×104 2.56×103 | 7.84×103 8.34×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F8 | 平均值 方差 | 5.77×103 6.64×102 | 6.58×103 6.00×102 | 7.80×103 5.96×102 | 5.93×103 6.31×102 | 7.18×103 4.61×102 | 5.63×103 4.49×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
F9 | 平均值 方差 | 2.74×104 1.82×103 | 2.91×104 1.91×103 | 2.69×104 2.19×103 | 2.69×104 2.97×103 | 3.39×104 1.75×103 | 2.12×104 1.55×103 |
| 排名 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F10 | 平均值 方差 | 8.28×103 9.20×102 | 1.15×104 1.03×103 | 6.38×103 7.20×102 | 5.66×103 7.38×102 | 2.69×104 4.76×103 | 3.85×103 7.31×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F11 | 平均值 方差 | 4.48×103 3.16×102 | 4.47×103 3.20×102 | 4.63×103 3.72×102 | 5.98×103 1.97×103 | 6.52×103 7.86×102 | 4.12×103 4.49×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
F12 | 平均值 方差 | 7.53×103 1.33×103 | 6.80×103 9.81×102 | 7.60×103 7.76×102 | 8.04×103 2.00×103 | 2.48×104 3.26×103 | 4.00×103 1.34×102 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
| 排名第一次数 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| 平均排名 | 3.25 | 3.08 | 4.41 | 3.33 | 5.91 | 1 |
| 总排名 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534515257825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
100维时各算法30次运行结果
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| 函数 | 指标 | ISSA | MSNSSA | IBSO | MBFPA | SSA | DMSSSA |
F1 | 平均值 方差 | 4.28×103 1.05×103 | 2.83×103 5.07×102 | 4.87×103 1.37×103 | 3.58×103 8.83×102 | 4.57×104 1.17×104 | 1.22×103 1.05×102 |
| 排名 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F2 | 平均值 方差 | 1.62×103 1.09×102 | 1.48×103 8.29×101 | 1.71×103 1.32×102 | 1.44×103 6.58×102 | 1.95×103 1.05×102 | 1.38×103 6.36×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F3 | 平均值 方差 | 6.87×102 6.01×100 | 6.74×102 4.44×100 | 6.92×102 7.94×100 | 6.76×102 7.52×100 | 6.99×102 6.58×100 | 6.69×102 4.26×100 |
| 排名 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F4 | 平均值 方差 | 1.95×103 1.12×102 | 1.86×103 1.11×102 | 2.08×103 1.39×102 | 1.85×103 8.49×101 | 2.40×103 1.14×102 | 1.82×103 8.43×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F5 | 平均值 方差 | 2.79×109 1.11×109 | 1.58×109 6.94×108 | 4.94×109 1.81×109 | 4.99×109 8.73×109 | 5.38×109 1.61×109 | 6.39×108 1.34×108 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
F6 | 平均值 方差 | 8.79×103 1.10×103 | 8.36×103 9.05×102 | 9.97×103 1.33×103 | 8.98×103 3.30×102 | 1.34×104 1.64×104 | 7.76×103 7.45×102 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
F7 | 平均值 方差 | 9.64×103 1.13×103 | 1.22×104 1.55×103 | 1.26×104 1.73×103 | 1.04×104 2.43×103 | 1.68×104 2.56×103 | 7.84×103 8.34×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F8 | 平均值 方差 | 5.77×103 6.64×102 | 6.58×103 6.00×102 | 7.80×103 5.96×102 | 5.93×103 6.31×102 | 7.18×103 4.61×102 | 5.63×103 4.49×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
F9 | 平均值 方差 | 2.74×104 1.82×103 | 2.91×104 1.91×103 | 2.69×104 2.19×103 | 2.69×104 2.97×103 | 3.39×104 1.75×103 | 2.12×104 1.55×103 |
| 排名 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
F10 | 平均值 方差 | 8.28×103 9.20×102 | 1.15×104 1.03×103 | 6.38×103 7.20×102 | 5.66×103 7.38×102 | 2.69×104 4.76×103 | 3.85×103 7.31×101 |
| 排名 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
F11 | 平均值 方差 | 4.48×103 3.16×102 | 4.47×103 3.20×102 | 4.63×103 3.72×102 | 5.98×103 1.97×103 | 6.52×103 7.86×102 | 4.12×103 4.49×102 |
| 排名 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
F12 | 平均值 方差 | 7.53×103 1.33×103 | 6.80×103 9.81×102 | 7.60×103 7.76×102 | 8.04×103 2.00×103 | 2.48×104 3.26×103 | 4.00×103 1.34×102 |
| 排名 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
| 排名第一次数 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| 平均排名 | 3.25 | 3.08 | 4.41 | 3.33 | 5.91 | 1 |
| 总排名 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534628504035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Path planning performance metrics of each algorithm
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| 环境模型 | 指标 | ISSA | MSNSSA | IBSO | MBFPA | SSA | DMSSSA |
| 模型1 | 最优值 | 162.19 | 177.21 | 200.13 | 260.61 | 170.80 | 125.26 |
| 平均值 | 318.51 | 260.39 | 220.72 | 395.98 | 387.74 | 130.85 |
| 方差 | 46.82 | 55.02 | 55.55 | 79.12 | 73.85 | 1.17 |
| 平均用时/s | 20.18 | 18.32 | 24.35 | 23.11 | 22.07 | 19.21 |
| 有效路径率/% | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 模型2 | 最优值 | 438.91 | 467.76 | 567.58 | 461.24 | 512.23 | 351.71 |
| 平均值 | 537.18 | 543.25 | 814.23 | 574.71 | 606.85 | 400.11 |
| 方差 | 46.50 | 66.45 | 77.26 | 72.26 | 78.22 | 39.23 |
| 平均用时/s | 25.31 | 26.01 | 31.22 | 28.65 | 29.18 | 26.12 |
| 有效路径率/% | 96 | 92 | 79 | 88 | 83 | 100 |
| 模型3 | 最优值 | 570.45 | 463.70 | 511.56 | 497.64 | 578.13 | 500.34 |
| 平均值 | 821.19 | 688.78 | 787.12 | 864.27 | 744.46 | 665.51 |
| 方差 | 134.12 | 85.67 | 100.37 | 177.13 | 901.85 | 44.17 |
| 平均用时/s | 31.45 | 29.45 | 34.01 | 31.35 | 34.12 | 30.12 |
| 有效路径率/% | 73 | 86 | 75 | 71 | 81 | 100 |
), ArticleFig(id=1175498534745944550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149773874918809604, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
各算法路径规划性能指标
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| 环境模型 | 指标 | ISSA | MSNSSA | IBSO | MBFPA | SSA | DMSSSA |
| 模型1 | 最优值 | 162.19 | 177.21 | 200.13 | 260.61 | 170.80 | 125.26 |
| 平均值 | 318.51 | 260.39 | 220.72 | 395.98 | 387.74 | 130.85 |
| 方差 | 46.82 | 55.02 | 55.55 | 79.12 | 73.85 | 1.17 |
| 平均用时/s | 20.18 | 18.32 | 24.35 | 23.11 | 22.07 | 19.21 |
| 有效路径率/% | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 模型2 | 最优值 | 438.91 | 467.76 | 567.58 | 461.24 | 512.23 | 351.71 |
| 平均值 | 537.18 | 543.25 | 814.23 | 574.71 | 606.85 | 400.11 |
| 方差 | 46.50 | 66.45 | 77.26 | 72.26 | 78.22 | 39.23 |
| 平均用时/s | 25.31 | 26.01 | 31.22 | 28.65 | 29.18 | 26.12 |
| 有效路径率/% | 96 | 92 | 79 | 88 | 83 | 100 |
| 模型3 | 最优值 | 570.45 | 463.70 | 511.56 | 497.64 | 578.13 | 500.34 |
| 平均值 | 821.19 | 688.78 | 787.12 | 864.27 | 744.46 | 665.51 |
| 方差 | 134.12 | 85.67 | 100.37 | 177.13 | 901.85 | 44.17 |
| 平均用时/s | 31.45 | 29.45 | 34.01 | 31.35 | 34.12 | 30.12 |
| 有效路径率/% | 73 | 86 | 75 | 71 | 81 | 100 |
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