Article(id=1149768943809773691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149768937925165147, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404490, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718467200000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-16, revisedDate=1732896000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752055877878, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1748361600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752055877878, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752055877878, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752055877878, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149768937925165147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='15', pageStart='6155', pageEnd='6586', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752055876475, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456822194, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559490207699090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149768937925165147, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559490211893395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149768937925165147, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=6486, endPage=6492, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149768944015294598, articleId=1149768943809773691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Aging Mechanism of Asphalt Modified by High Dosage of Rubber Powder, columnId=1156262728772735295, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Traffics and Transportations, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to investigate the aging mechanism of high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt, with the help of 20%, 25% and 30% of three different dosages of rubber asphalt, using four-component analysis experiment and infrared spectroscopy experiment, evaluation of aging rubber asphalt four-component indexes change, and analyze the chemical composition and functional group changes before and after aging, through the comparative study, to reveal high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt aging mechanism under different aging conditions. The aging mechanism of high doped rubber powder modified asphalt under different aging conditions was revealed through comparative study. The results show that: the aging of high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt components more significant. 20% dosage, the saturation fraction, aromatic fraction and gum decreased by 4.4%, 3.4%, 4.3%, respectively, asphaltene increased by 117.7%; 25% dosage of rubber asphalt saturation fraction decreased by 5.0%, the aromatic fraction decreased by 8.4%, gum decreased by 4.9%, asphaltene increased by 119.3%, and 30% dosage, the decrease is greater, respectively, 7.4%, 9.5%, 6.0%, asphaltene increased to 128.9%; aging process, high dosage of rubber powder modified asphalt has less mass loss, the combination of light components of the asphalt and cracked rubber binding reduces the light component activity and enhances the resistance to aging; high dosage of modified asphalt in the aging conditions of carbonyl and sulfoxide group index growth is more significant, which may lead to a decline in the performance of the The compatibility of rubber and asphalt is more susceptible to aging, which is manifested by more intense vulcanization phenomena and changes in molecular chain cross-linking. The research results provide theoretical support for the aging mechanism of rubber asphalt, and for the practical application and maintenance of high dosage of rubber powder asphalt pavement, which is of great significance to improve the performance of rubber asphalt pavement.

, correspAuthors=San-qiang YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=San-qiang YANG, Yi-song GAO, Qi LIU, Cheng-wang LI, Na LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149768954425557206, articleId=1149768943809773691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=高掺量胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理, columnId=1156262730664366426, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·交通运输, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了探究高掺量胶粉改性沥青的老化作用机理,借助20%、25%和30%三种不同掺量的橡胶沥青,采用四组分分析实验和红外光谱实验,评价老化橡胶沥青的四组分指标变化,并分析老化前后的化学组成和官能团变化,通过对比研究,揭示高掺量胶粉改性沥青在不同老化条件下的老化机理。结果表明:老化对高掺量胶粉改性沥青的组分影响更显著。20%掺量时,饱和分、芳香分和胶质分别降4.4%、3.4%、4.3%,沥青质增117.7%;25%掺量橡胶沥青饱和分下降5.0%、芳香分下降8.4%、胶质下降4.9%、沥青质增加119.3%,30%掺量时,降幅更大,分别为7.4%、9.5%、6.0%,沥青质增至128.9%;老化过程中,高掺量胶粉改性沥青的质量损失较小,沥青中轻质组分结合与裂解橡胶结合减少了轻质组分活性并增强了抗老化性;高掺量改性沥青在老化条件下羰基与亚砜基指数增长更显著,可能导致性能下降,其橡胶与沥青的相容性在老化中更易受影响,表现为更剧烈的硫化现象和分子链交联的变化。研究成果为橡胶沥青老化作用机理提供了理论支撑,并为高掺量胶粉沥青路面的实际应用与养护提供了借鉴,对提升橡胶沥青路面性能具有重要意义。

, correspAuthors=杨三强, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=JulsfokquG+2r8nUzyNB0g==, magXml=vXfMmRnsTEx2+vcN8in98A==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=mOOTaMzpBHwPXeR+F6LY8g==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=smEZ4PCZPNuBdb0hsfYtTA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨三强(1980—),男,汉族,四川绵阳人,博士后,教授。研究方向:公路工程、路基路面工程。E-mail:

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杨三强(1980—),男,汉族,四川绵阳人,博士后,教授。研究方向:公路工程、路基路面工程。E-mail:

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Baoding: Hebei University, 2020., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1172930787742728409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=33, authorNames=倪彬, journalName=大胶粉掺量橡胶沥青老化与再生机理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=倪彬. 大胶粉掺量橡胶沥青老化与再生机理研究[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1172930787809837274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Ni Bin, journalName=Research on aging and regeneration mechanism of rubber asphalt with large rubber powder doping, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ni Bin. Research on aging and regeneration mechanism of rubber asphalt with large rubber powder doping[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1172930784903184564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, awardId=CXY2024012, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(CXY2024012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1172930784970293429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, awardId=202312, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202312), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1172930785037402294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, awardId=202305, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202305), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1172930781572907130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172930781581295739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, companyId=1172930781572907130, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Hebei Civil Engineering Monitoring and Evaluation Technology Innovation Center, School of Architecture and Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172930781585490044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, companyId=1172930781572907130, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=河北大学建筑工程学院, 河北省土木工程监测与评估技术创新中心, 保定 071002)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1172930783535841442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Variation of four components at different doping aging stage, figureFileSmall=zT7hK/6LZkYRgd+K+41paw==, figureFileBig=B6DQIudUBZ2XYI3Hqow6XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783611338915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同掺量老化阶段的四组分变化, figureFileSmall=zT7hK/6LZkYRgd+K+41paw==, figureFileBig=B6DQIudUBZ2XYI3Hqow6XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783678447780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Fourier infrared spectra of different blended rubberized asphalt before and after aging, figureFileSmall=+jaTYmFThyfRReTlMN7o/g==, figureFileBig=kjF0ptyRYCgZXUJWUtl0Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783737168037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=图2, caption=老化前后不同掺量橡胶沥青的傅里叶红外光谱, figureFileSmall=+jaTYmFThyfRReTlMN7o/g==, figureFileBig=kjF0ptyRYCgZXUJWUtl0Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783804276902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Changes in carbonyl and sulfoxide indices of 20%、25% and 30% blended rubber asphalt before and after aging, figureFileSmall=S4OqHa2HGRQJxwPKuLwwcw==, figureFileBig=CAN9pQuzeJ5fMW49uPV2XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783896551591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=图3, caption=老化前后20%、25%、30%掺量橡胶沥青的羰基、亚砜基指数变化, figureFileSmall=S4OqHa2HGRQJxwPKuLwwcw==, figureFileBig=CAN9pQuzeJ5fMW49uPV2XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172930783959466152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Four-component content of matrix asphalt

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组分名称 质量百分含量/%
饱和分 24.5±1.2
芳香分 48.5±2.5
胶质 15.2±0.8
沥青质 11.8±0.6
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784022380713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基质沥青四组分含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组分名称 质量百分含量/%
饱和分 24.5±1.2
芳香分 48.5±2.5
胶质 15.2±0.8
沥青质 11.8±0.6
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784089489578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

30 mesh rubber powder component content

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组分名称 质量百分含量/%
挥发性组分 4.81±1.0
总有机物 54.57±1.5
丙酮提取物 5.07±0.5
橡胶烃 48.90±0.6
炭黑 33.75±0.3
灰分 6.87±0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784156598443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

30目橡胶粉组分含量

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组分名称 质量百分含量/%
挥发性组分 4.81±1.0
总有机物 54.57±1.5
丙酮提取物 5.07±0.5
橡胶烃 48.90±0.6
炭黑 33.75±0.3
灰分 6.87±0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784223707308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

List of orthogonal test program designs

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试验组号 胶粉掺量A 老化阶段B
1 A1 20% B1 未老化
2 A1 20% B2 短期老化
3 A1 20% B3 长期老化
4 A2 25% B1 未老化
5 A2 25% B2 短期老化
6 A2 25% B3 长期老化
7 A3 30% B1 未老化
8 A3 30% B2 短期老化
9 A3 30% B3 长期老化
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784290816173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

正交试验方案设计一览表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组号 胶粉掺量A 老化阶段B
1 A1 20% B1 未老化
2 A1 20% B2 短期老化
3 A1 20% B3 长期老化
4 A2 25% B1 未老化
5 A2 25% B2 短期老化
6 A2 25% B3 长期老化
7 A3 30% B1 未老化
8 A3 30% B2 短期老化
9 A3 30% B3 长期老化
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784353730734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Changes in the four components of rubberized asphalt in different aging states

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试样 老化阶段 饱和分/% 沥青质/% 胶质/% 芳香分/%
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 36.62 3.15 28.12 32.11
短期老化 35.10 5.38 27.95 31.57
长期老化 35.01 6.86 26.91 31.02
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 30.21 3.53 32.16 34.10
短期老化 29.58 6.53 31.18 32.31
长期老化 28.72 7.74 31.02 31.22
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 26.57 4.08 36.91 32.44
短期老化 25.98 7.85 35.12 31.05
长期老化 24.61 9.34 34.70 29.36
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784441811119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同老化状态下橡胶沥青的四组分变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样 老化阶段 饱和分/% 沥青质/% 胶质/% 芳香分/%
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 36.62 3.15 28.12 32.11
短期老化 35.10 5.38 27.95 31.57
长期老化 35.01 6.86 26.91 31.02
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 30.21 3.53 32.16 34.10
短期老化 29.58 6.53 31.18 32.31
长期老化 28.72 7.74 31.02 31.22
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 26.57 4.08 36.91 32.44
短期老化 25.98 7.85 35.12 31.05
长期老化 24.61 9.34 34.70 29.36
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784508919984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Aging test mass loss values

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试样 老化阶段 质量/g 质量损失/g
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.63 0.37
长期老化 49.15 0.85
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.70 0.30
长期老化 49.36 0.64
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.86 0.14
长期老化 49.71 0.29
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784584417457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

老化试验质量损失值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样 老化阶段 质量/g 质量损失/g
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.63 0.37
长期老化 49.15 0.85
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.70 0.30
长期老化 49.36 0.64
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 50.00
短期老化 49.86 0.14
长期老化 49.71 0.29
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784647332018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Carbonyl and sulfoxide indices of rubber asphalt before and after aging

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
老化阶段 基因指数
羰基(AC=O) 亚砜基(AS=O)
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.812 1.284
短期老化 0.951 2.516
长期老化 1.264 4.061
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.861 1.536
短期老化 1.064 3.101
长期老化 1.402 5.574
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.923 1.985
短期老化 1.196 3.532
长期老化 1.665 6.843
), ArticleFig(id=1172930784752189619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149768943809773691, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

老化前后橡胶沥青的羰基和亚砜基指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
老化阶段 基因指数
羰基(AC=O) 亚砜基(AS=O)
20%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.812 1.284
短期老化 0.951 2.516
长期老化 1.264 4.061
25%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.861 1.536
短期老化 1.064 3.101
长期老化 1.402 5.574
30%掺量
橡胶沥青
未老化 0.923 1.985
短期老化 1.196 3.532
长期老化 1.665 6.843
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高掺量胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理
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杨三强 , 高毅松 , 刘琦 , 李成旺 , 刘娜
科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025,25(15): 6486-6492
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025, 25(15): 6486-6492
高掺量胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理
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杨三强 , 高毅松, 刘琦, 李成旺, 刘娜
作者信息
  • 河北大学建筑工程学院, 河北省土木工程监测与评估技术创新中心, 保定 071002
  • 杨三强(1980—),男,汉族,四川绵阳人,博士后,教授。研究方向:公路工程、路基路面工程。E-mail:

Aging Mechanism of Asphalt Modified by High Dosage of Rubber Powder
San-qiang YANG , Yi-song GAO, Qi LIU, Cheng-wang LI, Na LIU
Affiliations
  • Hebei Civil Engineering Monitoring and Evaluation Technology Innovation Center, School of Architecture and Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
出版时间: 2025-05-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404490
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为了探究高掺量胶粉改性沥青的老化作用机理,借助20%、25%和30%三种不同掺量的橡胶沥青,采用四组分分析实验和红外光谱实验,评价老化橡胶沥青的四组分指标变化,并分析老化前后的化学组成和官能团变化,通过对比研究,揭示高掺量胶粉改性沥青在不同老化条件下的老化机理。结果表明:老化对高掺量胶粉改性沥青的组分影响更显著。20%掺量时,饱和分、芳香分和胶质分别降4.4%、3.4%、4.3%,沥青质增117.7%;25%掺量橡胶沥青饱和分下降5.0%、芳香分下降8.4%、胶质下降4.9%、沥青质增加119.3%,30%掺量时,降幅更大,分别为7.4%、9.5%、6.0%,沥青质增至128.9%;老化过程中,高掺量胶粉改性沥青的质量损失较小,沥青中轻质组分结合与裂解橡胶结合减少了轻质组分活性并增强了抗老化性;高掺量改性沥青在老化条件下羰基与亚砜基指数增长更显著,可能导致性能下降,其橡胶与沥青的相容性在老化中更易受影响,表现为更剧烈的硫化现象和分子链交联的变化。研究成果为橡胶沥青老化作用机理提供了理论支撑,并为高掺量胶粉沥青路面的实际应用与养护提供了借鉴,对提升橡胶沥青路面性能具有重要意义。

改性沥青  /  高掺量胶粉  /  老化机理  /  四组分  /  微观分析

In order to investigate the aging mechanism of high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt, with the help of 20%, 25% and 30% of three different dosages of rubber asphalt, using four-component analysis experiment and infrared spectroscopy experiment, evaluation of aging rubber asphalt four-component indexes change, and analyze the chemical composition and functional group changes before and after aging, through the comparative study, to reveal high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt aging mechanism under different aging conditions. The aging mechanism of high doped rubber powder modified asphalt under different aging conditions was revealed through comparative study. The results show that: the aging of high dosage rubber powder modified asphalt components more significant. 20% dosage, the saturation fraction, aromatic fraction and gum decreased by 4.4%, 3.4%, 4.3%, respectively, asphaltene increased by 117.7%; 25% dosage of rubber asphalt saturation fraction decreased by 5.0%, the aromatic fraction decreased by 8.4%, gum decreased by 4.9%, asphaltene increased by 119.3%, and 30% dosage, the decrease is greater, respectively, 7.4%, 9.5%, 6.0%, asphaltene increased to 128.9%; aging process, high dosage of rubber powder modified asphalt has less mass loss, the combination of light components of the asphalt and cracked rubber binding reduces the light component activity and enhances the resistance to aging; high dosage of modified asphalt in the aging conditions of carbonyl and sulfoxide group index growth is more significant, which may lead to a decline in the performance of the The compatibility of rubber and asphalt is more susceptible to aging, which is manifested by more intense vulcanization phenomena and changes in molecular chain cross-linking. The research results provide theoretical support for the aging mechanism of rubber asphalt, and for the practical application and maintenance of high dosage of rubber powder asphalt pavement, which is of great significance to improve the performance of rubber asphalt pavement.

modified asphalt  /  high dosing binder  /  aging mechanism  /  four components  /  microanalysi
杨三强, 高毅松, 刘琦, 李成旺, 刘娜. 高掺量胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (15) : 6486 -6492 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404490
San-qiang YANG, Yi-song GAO, Qi LIU, Cheng-wang LI, Na LIU. Aging Mechanism of Asphalt Modified by High Dosage of Rubber Powder[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (15) : 6486 -6492 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404490
随着社会经济的快速发展,交通车辆数大幅上升,随之而来的大量废旧轮胎的有效处理与绿色循环利用已成为社会亟待解决的问题。近年来,经济环保、性能优良的绿色公路受到广泛关注,交通运输部发布的《关于实施绿色公路建设的指导意见》(2016)与《关于全面深入推进绿色交通发展的意见》(2017)均明确指出要将绿色公路建设作为未来公路建设的主要方向。以废胎胶粉为改性剂的橡胶沥青可实现废旧资源的绿色循环利用,成为践行绿色道路发展要求的重要途径[1]
随着道路交通负荷的不断增长和环境条件的日益恶劣,沥青路面的耐久性和抗老化性能成为工程技术领域关注的焦点。胶粉改性沥青通过引入橡胶或塑料等高分子材料,可以显著提升沥青的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性等一系列路用性能[2-4]。但是,胶粉沥青的老化是影响路面路用性能的一大难题。目前,关于胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理的研究已有一定的进展,但主要集中在低掺量胶粉改性沥青方面[5-7]。通常情况下,胶粉在沥青中的比例通常被控制在低于23%的范围内(这是因为沥青相体系中的分散相与连续相存在一个相反转的比例范围,在24%~76%)。同时,考虑到施工需求,改性沥青需要在特定温度下保持流动性。因此,当胶粉在沥青中的比例超过23%时,通常将其定义为高掺量胶粉改性沥青[8]。对于高掺量胶粉改性沥青,其老化过程中组分变化、结构演变以及性能衰退等方面的研究尚不深入。
对此,通过对比分析低掺量胶粉改性沥青的老化行为,探讨高掺量胶粉改性沥青在老化过程中的化学组成和微观结构变化,分析其老化作用机理,研究成果将对优化橡胶沥青路面级配具有重要理论支撑,并对提升橡胶沥青道路路用性能和延长道路使用寿命具有重要的实际应用价值。
基质沥青采用70#道路石油沥青,橡胶粉采用30目橡胶细颗粒。利用以上两种原材料混合成20%掺量、25%掺量和30%掺量的胶粉改性沥青。活化方式采用化学增容法,即向沥青中添加活性聚合剂和古马隆树脂改性剂,使其与橡胶内部的不饱和键发生融合,以提高沥青中胶粉的含量[9-11]。其基质沥青各组分含量如表1所示,橡胶粉各组分含量如表2所示。
在标准操作环境下,利用高速剪切技术制备了多种掺量的胶粉改性沥青,具体为20%、25%及30%的掺量。首先,将沥青加热至预定的预热温度,并在此阶段加入活化剂。接着按照不同浓度将橡胶粉逐步加入,确保橡胶粉完全融入沥青中。在橡胶粉完全加入后,使胶粉与沥青的混合物在设定的温度(165 ℃或175 ℃)下充分溶胀30 min,以促进其均匀混合。随后将混合物置于剪切机中,以600 rad/min的转速进一步搅拌,加入稳定剂,确保最终样品的稳定性[12]。高掺量胶粉改性沥青制备流程与常规20%胶粉改性沥青部分相似[13],但需注意:高掺量胶粉沥青黏度更高[14],预热温度应设为175 ℃;且胶粉加入量大,需分3或4次加入,每次加入后待温度回升至175 ℃以上再继续;溶胀与剪切时间需延长,溶胀时间40~50 min,溶胀温度200~210 ℃,剪切时间8~9 min,以确保混合物充分混合和均化[15]
选取以下试验因素与水平:胶粉掺量(A)为20%(A1)、25%(A2)、30%(A3),老化阶段(B):未老化(B1)、短期老化(B2)、长期老化(B3)。
根据正交试验设计原则,选用L9正交表进行试验设计,共计9组试验。具体试验设计组合如表3所示。
基于正交试验,依次进行多组试验分析,对所制备的三种掺量的胶粉改性沥青分别借助薄膜烘箱老化沥青薄膜加热试验模拟短期老化;采用压力老化容器试验PAV模拟长期老化,分别观察试样老化前后四组分变化及其质量损失[16]。同时,通过红外光谱实验扫描试样观察其老化前后官能团等变化,对三种掺量橡胶沥青老化前后的微观结构数据进行对比分析[17]
为了分析橡胶沥青各个组分在不同老化阶段的内部变化,对三组不同掺量胶粉沥青进行四组分分析试验,试验结果如表4图1所示。
图1(a)图1(b)可知,随着老化程度的增加,20%掺量橡胶沥青饱和分下降4.4%、芳香分下降3.4%、胶质下降4.3%、沥青质增加117.7%;25%掺量橡胶沥青饱和分下降5.0%、芳香分下降8.4%、胶质下降4.9%、沥青质增加119.3%。橡胶沥青随着掺量的增加,四组分变化程度明显增加。
图1(c)可知,30%掺量橡胶沥青的饱和分下降7.4%、芳香分下降9.5%、胶质下降6.0%、沥青质增加128.9%。在相同老化条件下,相比于较低掺量的20%和25%掺量橡胶沥青,30%掺量橡胶沥青的四组分变化更为显著。
由试验所得,三种不同掺量的胶粉改性沥青中的沥青质均有增加,而其余组分:胶质含量降低,芳香分含量降低,饱和分含量降低,表明分子质量相对较低的组分在胶粉改性沥青中发生老化后,转化为分子质量相对较高的组分。老化完成后,橡胶沥青的老化现象主要归因于其内部化学组分在外部环境的影响下发生了质的变化。这一变化过程显著表现为沥青质含量的显著增加,同时饱和分和胶质含量虽有下降但变动幅度较小,而芳香分含量则显著降低。值得注意的是,随着胶粉掺量的递增,更多的胶粉参与到了反应过程中,这进一步放大了橡胶沥青内部组分变化的程度,使其更为显著。
老化试验后沥青样品的质量会发生损失,也可以在一定程度上说明其内部组分的变化情况。三种橡胶沥青的老化试验损失值如表5所示。
分析表5可知,三种橡胶沥青在经过短期老化和长期老化之后,质量都发生了损失,这说明橡胶沥青中存在可挥发的组分。20%掺量橡胶沥青短期老化后质量损失了0.37 g,长期老化后质量损失了0.85 g;25%掺量橡胶沥青短期老化后质量损失了0.3 g,长期老化后质量损失了0.64 g;30%掺量橡胶沥青短期老化后质量损失了0.14 g,长期老化后质量损失了0.29 g。结果显示,橡胶掺量的提升与橡胶沥青在老化过程中质量损失的减少呈现出正相关。这主要是由于较高掺量的橡胶在裂解作用下,能够更有效地与沥青中的轻质组分相结合,从而降低了这些组分的活性。同时,橡胶与沥青之间的交联作用也得以增强,这进一步提升了橡胶沥青的抗老化性能。
对于沥青而言这种损失是因为轻质组分如芳香分在长期高温下挥发,对于橡胶而言则是因为橡胶分子链发生裂解后生成的小分子挥发。而相对于短期老化,长期老化的质量损失相对要小,这说明在长期老化的过程中,轻质组分的挥发比起初期已不再活跃,橡胶沥青的老化主要为氧化老化,由于氧的进入,整体质量反而还会增加以抵消一部分轻质组分的挥发损失。此外,在长期老化的过程中,不同于其在短期老化中剧烈的挥发效应,沥青的轻质分在氧和橡胶裂解产物的综合作用下,分子逐步发生缩合,形成更大的结构,这主要体现在芳香分逐渐转化为胶质,进而转变为沥青质。值得注意的是,在橡胶沥青中,当橡胶掺量达到30%时,其内部组分的这种变化相比20%和25%掺量的橡胶沥青而言,显得更为显著。这种更为明显的组分变化使得30%掺量的橡胶沥青在整体质量损失上表现出更小的趋势。
采用 Nicolet iS10 型傅里叶红外光谱仪,对老化后三种掺量的胶粉改性沥青样品进行分析,结果如图2所示。
图2(a)表明,橡胶沥青在老化前后的傅里叶红外图谱呈现出两大显著区别:即峰位的变动与峰强的变化。对于20%掺量的橡胶沥青而言,它在980 cm-1附近有明确的亚砜吸收峰,这是因为在橡胶沥青的制备过程中,硫醚基团发生了氧化反应。同时,红外光谱分析在波数1 001 cm-1处检测到一个显著的吸收峰,这一峰值通常与硫元素相关联,表明胶粉中含有硫成分。在经历了短暂的老化过程之后,虽然在主要的吸收峰值部位并没有出现明显位移。但是,其吸收峰的相对强度却发生了明显的差异,这主要是因为在橡胶粉的老化过程中,新形成的裂解而形成。因此,位于1 700 cm-1附近新生成的吸收峰值相对于羟基,主要是基于羧酸、酮和酸酐的形成。另外,位于3 400 cm-1附近的特征峰主要是因为N—H键的形成,这也意味着在橡胶粉末的氧化分解阶段产生的含氮有机物中,通过较长期的环境暴露,各种化学基团的结构都大致保持不变。然而,其对应的峰值强度出现了某些程度的波动,随着橡胶与沥青材料的老化进程不断推进,含氧官能团羟基和亚砜基的峰值强度呈现出上升现象。
图5可知,与未老化的橡胶沥青相比,短期老化和长期老化都在较长的波长范围内(1 500~2 500 cm-1)吸光率都有所增加。这意味着在这个波长范围内,橡胶沥青内部的部分官能团发生了变化。同时,橡胶沥青发生硫化反应,生成亚砜基,在900 cm-1处,观察到明显的吸收峰,经过短期老化后,除了1 400~2 900 cm-1附近出现了新的特征峰之外,其他主要特征峰的位置基本保持不变。长期老化时,在波长为3 000 ~4 000 cm-1,吸光率呈现一个明显的下降趋势。在波长为2 500 ~3 000 cm-1,吸光率有一个小的峰值,在波长为1 500 ~2 500 cm-1,吸光率逐渐上升并达到一个特征高峰。短期老化的光谱在大部分波长范围内都较低,在波长为3 000~4 000 cm-1,吸光率仍然呈现一个下降的趋势,但不如长期老化那样显著。在橡胶沥青老化过程中,可以观察到随着老化程度的逐步加深,羟基官能团与亚砜官能团的吸收峰强度呈现出显著增强的趋势。
图2表明,对于特征峰出现的位置,相对于未老化的橡胶沥青,短期老化和长期老化后的橡胶沥青在1 441.5 cm-1处的特征峰(S=O键振动)显著右移至1 300 cm-1附近,这说明脱硫的橡胶又部分发生了硫化现象,橡胶和沥青的相容性变差,互溶体系被破坏。相对于短期老化的橡胶沥青,长期老化的橡胶沥青在1 409.4 cm-1处的特征峰显著左移至1 441.1 cm-1,这说明了两点:一是基质沥青四组分中的芳香分发生氧化,进而生成了氢过氧化物ROOH和大分子ROOR,即沥青质、胶质,二是橡胶中的分子链先断链后又发生了交联,酯化反应生成了更大的交联分子ROOR即SBR的交联老化。
采用 C—H 的吸收峰面积作为参照,计算三种老化橡胶沥青中含量最多的两种含氧基团羰基 C=O 和亚砜基 S=O 的面积比,公式[18]
I C O= A C O A C H
I S O= A S O A C H
式中:A为峰面积;I为面积比(基团指数)。
图3可知,在相同的老化条件下,随着橡胶掺量的增大,橡胶沥青的羰基和亚砜基指数的增长更为显著,这是由于较高的橡胶掺量使得橡胶沥青在老化过程中更容易产生结构变化,从而导致官能团含量的增加。短期老化后,三种橡胶沥青的羰基指数和亚砜基指数均呈现出增大的趋势,这一变化正是氧化作用的结果。值得注意的是,羰基指数的变化幅度相对较小,这反映出在短期老化阶段,基质沥青中的轻质组分主要经历了挥发效应,而非显著的氧化反应转化为沥青质。同时,亚砜基指数的显著增长则揭示了橡胶内部发生了明显的氧化反应,这主要归因于NR分子链的氧化断链反应。
在经历长期老化过程时,两种橡胶沥青的羰基指数和亚砜基指数均呈持续上升态势,这一现象直接证明了氧化反应的持续作用,并加剧了橡胶沥青的老化进程。羰基指数的显著增大表明,基质沥青内的轻质组分逐渐通过氧化缩合作用转化为大分子物质,即沥青质和胶质。与此同时,亚砜基指数的再次显著增大也说明高掺量橡胶沥青的内部的氧化反应依然强烈,这主要是由丁苯橡胶(SBR)分子链的氧化交联反应所驱动。
借助三种不同掺量的胶粉改性沥青,通过其四组分、质量损失、官能团等进行对比分析,揭示了高掺量胶粉改性沥青老化作用机理,得到以下结论。
(1)老化对高掺量胶粉改性沥青的组分影响更显著。20%掺量时,饱和分、芳香分和胶质分别降4.4%、3.4%、4.3%,沥青质增117.7%;25%掺量橡胶沥青饱和分下降5.0%、芳香分下降8.4%、胶质下降4.9%、沥青质增加119.3%,30%掺量时,降幅更大,分别为7.4%、9.5%、6.0%,沥青质增至128.9%。
(2)在老化过程中,高掺量胶粉改性沥青展现出了显著优于低掺量胶粉改性沥青的质量保持能力。这是因为高掺量胶粉在裂解过程中,能更有效地与沥青中的轻质组分结合,不仅降低了这些组分的活性,还加强了与沥青的交联作用,从而显著提升其抗老化性能,高掺量胶粉改性沥青在抗老化性能上更为出色。
(3)在同一老化条件下,与较低掺量橡胶沥青相比,高掺量橡胶沥青的羰基和亚砜基指数的增长更为显著,这是由于较高的橡胶掺量使橡胶沥青在老化过程中更容易产生结构变化,官能团含量增加,导致部分性能发生变化。
(4)高掺量胶粉改性沥青在老化过程中,橡胶和沥青的相容性相比于低掺量胶粉改性沥青更易受到影响,表现为更为剧烈的硫化现象和分子链交联的改变。
  • 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(CXY2024012)
  • 河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202312)
  • 河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202305)
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2025年第25卷第15期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404490
  • 接收时间:2024-06-16
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-05-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-16
  • 修回日期:2024-11-30
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河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(CXY2024012)
河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202312)
河北省交通运输厅科技项目(202305)
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    河北大学建筑工程学院, 河北省土木工程监测与评估技术创新中心, 保定 071002
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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total species (%)

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种数
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species
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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