Article(id=1208051032249176846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1733241600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-04, revisedDate=1743609600000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765951410590, onlineDateStr=2025-12-17, pubDate=1751040000000, pubDateStr=2025-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765951410590, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765951410590, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951410590, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208051024368083510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='18', pageStart='7455', pageEnd='7883', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765951408712, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951896766, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=7650, endPage=7658, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208051037697577954, articleId=1208051032249176846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Modeling and Stability Analysis of Stochastic Systems in Wind Farms Based on Nataf and LSTM Methods, columnId=1156262733675876713, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Electrical Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In recent years, the scale of wind turbine grid connection has been increasing, for the deep learning of wind speed prediction requires a large amount of data, as well as stochastic differential equations for wind power system modeling fail to portray the impact of wind speed correlation on the output power and grid-connection point voltage, a Markov switching stochastic differential equation modeling method considering stochastic factors and wind speed correlation was proposed for power systems containing wind power. The Nataf and LSTM were introduced to construct the wind speed spatio-temporal correlation model, the Markov switching stochastic differential equation was used to segment and linearize the wind power system into various linear segments. Then the effects of wind speed correlation and stochastic excitation strength on the voltage at the grid-connection point were studied, and the critical stable excitation strength of the wind power system was analyzed. Finally, the stochastic simulation of the constructed system model was carried out by numerical analysis methods, and the results show that the system state variable fluctuates in the stable region within the critical value of the random excitation intensity, and the comparison with the stable waveform of voltage in the Simulink simulation circuit verifies the validity of the modeling method in this paper, and provides a theoretical basis for the stability analysis of the new wind farm access to the power system.

, correspAuthors=Shi-xun MO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jian-jun DENG, Shi-xun MO, Bin LIU, Mu ZHANG, Jin-xin ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208051043095646581, articleId=1208051032249176846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=基于Nataf和LSTM方法的风电场随机系统建模与稳定性分析, columnId=1156262734506353627, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·电工技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

近年来风机并网规模不断提高,针对深度学习对风速预测需要大量数据,以及随机微分方程对风电系统建模未能刻画出风速相关性对出力及并网点电压影响,提出了一种考虑随机因素并计及风速相关性,对含风电的电力系统马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程建模方法,引入Nataf和长短时记忆网络(long short-term memory network,LSTM)法构建风速时空相关性模型,运用马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程将风电系统分段线性化为各线性区间,然后研究了风速相关性、随机激励强度对并网点电压的影响,分析了风电系统临界稳定激励强度,最后通过数值分析方法对所建系统模型进行随机仿真,结果显示在随机激励强度临界值内,系统状态变量波动在稳定区域,与Simulink仿真电路中电压稳定波形对比,验证了本文建模方法的有效性,为新建风电场接入电力系统稳定性分析提供理论依据。

, correspAuthors=莫仕勋, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 莫仕勋(1970—),男,汉族,广西柳州人,硕士,副教授。研究方向:电力系统及其自动化。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=9EKhuaypiB3GWvypuxqm5g==, magXml=+rOkSr+G7ipUaGJTexp+TQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=vZmZ0T2pc4ARNGBlt0b9Qw==, pdfFileSize=7546160, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=3zxTOD2yA39rzw++pgdGlg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ogRKrbm8I5TwP1dOHudtpQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

邓建军(2000—),男,汉族,广西桂林人,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力系统分析与计算。E-mail:

, authorsList=邓建军, 莫仕勋, 刘斌, 张木, 张锦莘)}, authors=[Author(id=1208085582824182350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2212392013@st.gxu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208085582962594399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085582824182350, language=EN, stringName=Jian-jun DENG, firstName=Jian-jun, middleName=null, lastName=DENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1208085583067452006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085582824182350, language=CN, stringName=邓建军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004, bio={"content":"

邓建军(2000—),男,汉族,广西桂林人,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力系统分析与计算。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邓建军(2000—),男,汉族,广西桂林人,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力系统分析与计算。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])]), Author(id=1208085583184892534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mo_shixun@gxu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208085583365247623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085583184892534, language=EN, stringName=Shi-xun MO, firstName=Shi-xun, middleName=null, lastName=MO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1208085583537214098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085583184892534, language=CN, stringName=莫仕勋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])]), Author(id=1208085583713374876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208085583931478701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085583713374876, language=EN, stringName=Bin LIU, firstName=Bin, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1208085584061502138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085583713374876, language=CN, stringName=刘斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])]), Author(id=1208085584162165447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208085584300577497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085584162165447, language=EN, stringName=Mu ZHANG, firstName=Mu, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1208085584459961061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085584162165447, language=CN, stringName=张木, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])]), Author(id=1208085584577401587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208085584711619331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085584577401587, language=EN, stringName=Jin-xin ZHANG, firstName=Jin-xin, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1208085584824865547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, authorId=1208085584577401587, language=CN, stringName=张锦莘, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1208085586162848560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=wind speed correlation), Keyword(id=1208085586305454917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=long short-term memory network), Keyword(id=1208085586582278990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Markov switching stochastic differential equation), Keyword(id=1208085586708108123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=stochastic stabilization), Keyword(id=1208085586800382823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=风速相关性), Keyword(id=1208085586930406261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=长短期记忆网络), Keyword(id=1208085587077206916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程), Keyword(id=1208085587232396184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=随机稳定)], refs=[Reference(id=1208085591967764742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=26, pageStart=11271, pageEnd=11282, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=韩毅, 刘玮, 张丽辉, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩毅, 刘玮, 张丽辉, 等. 大型风电场实地测风数据精细化分析方法[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24(26): 11271-11282., articleTitle=大型风电场实地测风数据精细化分析方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592131342611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=26, pageStart=11271, pageEnd=11282, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Han Yi, Liu Wei, Zhang Lihui, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han Yi, Liu Wei, Zhang Lihui, et al. Detailed analysis method of the on-site wind resource data for large-scale wind farm[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(26): 11271-11282., articleTitle=Detailed analysis method of the on-site wind resource data for large-scale wind farm, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592257171749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=388, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Baccouch M, journalName=Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Baccouch M. A discontinuous Galerkin method for systems of stochastic differential equations with applications to population biology, finance, and physics[J]. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 2021, 388. DOI: 10.1016/j.cam.2020.113297., articleTitle=A discontinuous Galerkin method for systems of stochastic differential equations with applications to population biology, finance, and physics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592391389492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=48, issue=12, pageStart=5100, pageEnd=5107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=汤先航, 莫仕勋, 张镱议, journalName=电网技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汤先航, 莫仕勋, 张镱议, 等. 基于随机微分方程的光伏电源机电随机特性的代数建模方法及应用[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48 (12): 5100-5107., articleTitle=基于随机微分方程的光伏电源机电随机特性的代数建模方法及应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592533995842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=48, issue=12, pageStart=5100, pageEnd=5107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Tang Xianhang, Mo Shixun, Zhang Yiyi, journalName=Power System Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang Xianhang, Mo Shixun, Zhang Yiyi, et al. Algebraic modeling Method and application of electromechanical random characteristics of photovoltaic power supply based on stochastic differential equation[J]. Power System Technology, 2024, 48 (12): 5100-5107., articleTitle=Algebraic modeling Method and application of electromechanical random characteristics of photovoltaic power supply based on stochastic differential equation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592659824973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=100, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=蒋长江, 刘俊勇, 刘友波, journalName=电力自动化设备, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蒋长江, 刘俊勇, 刘友波, 等. 计及风电随机激励的电力系统暂态稳定分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(3): 100-108., articleTitle=计及风电随机激励的电力系统暂态稳定分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592768876889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=100, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Jiang Changjiang, Liu Junyong, Liu Youbo, journalName=Electric Power Automation Equipment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang Changjiang, Liu Junyong, Liu Youbo, et al. Transient stability analysis of power system considering wind-power stochastic excitation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(3): 100-108., articleTitle=Transient stability analysis of power system considering wind-power stochastic excitation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592907288935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=陈力, journalName=基于随机微分方程的风电机组预防性维修策略研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈力. 基于随机微分方程的风电机组预防性维修策略研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085592986980719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Chen Li, journalName=Research on preventive maintenance strategy of wind turbine based on stochastic differential equation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Li. Research on preventive maintenance strategy of wind turbine based on stochastic differential equation[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085593104421241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=113, issue=null, pageStart=322, pageEnd=332, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Verdejo H, Awerkin A, Kliemann W, journalName=International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Verdejo H, Awerkin A, Kliemann W, et al. Modelling uncertainties in electrical power systems with stochastic differential equations[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2019, 113: 322-332., articleTitle=Modelling uncertainties in electrical power systems with stochastic differential equations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085593242833287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=75, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Lu Z, Lu S, Xu M, journalName=Computer Standards & Interfaces, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lu Z, Lu S, Xu M, et al. A robust stochastic stability analysis approach for power system considering wind speed prediction error based on Markov model[J]. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2020, 75. DOI: 10.1016/j.csi.2020.103503., articleTitle=A robust stochastic stability analysis approach for power system considering wind speed prediction error based on Markov model, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085593452548504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=107, issue=null, pageStart=167, pageEnd=176, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Huang T, Wang J, journalName=International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang T, Wang J. A practical method of transient stability analysis of stochastic power systems based on EEAC[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2019, 107: 167-176., articleTitle=A practical method of transient stability analysis of stochastic power systems based on EEAC, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085593574183325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=4, pageStart=4026, pageEnd=4036, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Li H, Ju P, Gan C, journalName=Smart Grid IEEE Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li H, Ju P, Gan C, et al. Analytic estimation method of forced oscillation amplitude under stochastic continuous disturbances[J]. Smart Grid IEEE Transactions, 2019, 10(4): 4026-4036., articleTitle=Analytic estimation method of forced oscillation amplitude under stochastic continuous disturbances, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085593762927016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=304, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Wang Y, Zou R, Liu F, journalName=Applied Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Zou R, Liu F, et al. A review of wind speed and wind power forecasting with deep neural networks[J]. Applied Energy, 2021, 304(1). DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117766., articleTitle=A review of wind speed and wind power forecasting with deep neural networks, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595021218230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=278, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Nascimento E, Melo T, Moreira D, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nascimento E, Melo T, Moreira D, et al. A transformer-based deep neural network with wavelet transform for forecasting wind speed and wind energy[J]. Energy, 2023, 278: 1-9., articleTitle=A transformer-based deep neural network with wavelet transform for forecasting wind speed and wind energy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595155435967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Zhu Q, Chen J, Shi D, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Q, Chen J, Shi D, et al. Learning temporal and spatial correlations jointly: a unified framework for wind speed prediction[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2019.2897136., articleTitle=Learning temporal and spatial correlations jointly: a unified framework for wind speed prediction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595264487881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=16, authorNames=周庭宇, journalName=基于Copula-NataF点估计法的多风电场电力系统概率潮流计算, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周庭宇. 基于Copula-NataF点估计法的多风电场电力系统概率潮流计算[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595386122702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Zhou Tingyu, journalName=The Copula-NataF point estimate method based probabilistic power flow of power system with multiple wind farms, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Tingyu. The Copula-NataF point estimate method based probabilistic power flow of power system with multiple wind farms[D]. Chengdu: University of Electrical Science and Technology of China, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595541311961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=64, pageEnd=69, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=18, authorNames=王士兴, 陈树恒, 刘群英, journalName=电力自动化设备, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王士兴, 陈树恒, 刘群英, 等. 基于高斯混合随机性模型的多风电场配电网概率潮流计算[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42 (11): 64-69, 91., articleTitle=基于高斯混合随机性模型的多风电场配电网概率潮流计算, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595654558184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=64, pageEnd=69, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Wang Shixing, Chen Shuheng, Liu Qunying, journalName=Electric Power Automation Equipment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Shixing, Chen Shuheng, Liu Qunying, et al. Probabilistic power flow calculation of distribution network with multiple wind farms based on Gaussian mixture random model[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42 (11): 64-69, 91., articleTitle=Probabilistic power flow calculation of distribution network with multiple wind farms based on Gaussian mixture random model, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595792970221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=230, issue=null, pageStart=531, pageEnd=539, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Xin F, Bri-Mathias H, Ershun D, journalName=Applied Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xin F, Bri-Mathias H, Ershun D, et al. Modelling wind power spatial-temporal correlation in multi-interval optimal power flow: a sparse correlation matrix approach[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 230: 531-539., articleTitle=Modelling wind power spatial-temporal correlation in multi-interval optimal power flow: a sparse correlation matrix approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085595914605051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=9, issue=5, pageStart=1641, pageEnd=1654, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Ji T, Lin Y, Jiang Y, journalName=CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ji T, Lin Y, Jiang Y, et al. Probabilistic optimal power flow considering the dependence of multiple wind farms using pair diffusive kernel copula[J]. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2023, 9(5): 1641-1654., articleTitle=Probabilistic optimal power flow considering the dependence of multiple wind farms using pair diffusive kernel copula, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596065600008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=22, authorNames=汤奕, 王洪儒, journalName=电网技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汤奕, 王洪儒. 高维变量下电力系统不确定性分析的快速Nataf变换方法[J]. 电网技术, 2024. DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.0899., articleTitle=高维变量下电力系统不确定性分析的快速Nataf变换方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596191429137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Tang Yi, Wang Hongru, journalName=Power System Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang Yi, Wang Hongru. A fast nataf transformation method for power system uncertainty analysis with high-dimensional uncertain variables[J]. Power System Technology, 2024. DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.0899., articleTitle=A fast nataf transformation method for power system uncertainty analysis with high-dimensional uncertain variables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596329841180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=537, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Cai Y, Li Y, Mao X, journalName=Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Y, Li Y, Mao X. Stationary distribution of periodic stochastic differential equations with Markov switching[J]. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2024, 537(2). DOI: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128291., articleTitle=Stationary distribution of periodic stochastic differential equations with Markov switching, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596497613347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=646, pageEnd=654, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=25, authorNames=王加强, 孙永辉, 翟苏巍, journalName=电网技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王加强, 孙永辉, 翟苏巍, 等. 基于Markov理论的含风电电力系统随机建模及小干扰稳定性分析[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(2): 646-654., articleTitle=基于Markov理论的含风电电力系统随机建模及小干扰稳定性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596623442478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=646, pageEnd=654, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Wang JiaQiang, Sun Yonghui, Zhai Suwei, journalName=Power System Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang JiaQiang, Sun Yonghui, Zhai Suwei, et al. Stochastic modeling and small signal stability analysis of wind power system based on Markov theory[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(2): 646-654., articleTitle=Stochastic modeling and small signal stability analysis of wind power system based on Markov theory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596799603258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=184, pageEnd=199, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=27, authorNames=王冲, 王秀丽, 鞠平, journalName=电力系统自动化, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王冲, 王秀丽, 鞠平, 等. 电力系统随机分析方法研究综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(3): 184-199., articleTitle=电力系统随机分析方法研究综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085596912849473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=184, pageEnd=199, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Wang Chong, Wang Xiuli, Ju Ping, journalName=Automation of Electric Power Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Chong, Wang Xiuli, Ju Ping, et al. Review of research on power system stochastic analysis methods[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(3): 184-199., articleTitle=Review of research on power system stochastic analysis methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085597038678601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=7, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=29, authorNames=潘学萍, 鞠平, 吴峰, journalName=电力系统自动化, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘学萍, 鞠平, 吴峰, 等. 双馈风电机组模型结构讨论[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39(5): 7-14., articleTitle=双馈风电机组模型结构讨论, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085597177090643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=7, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Pan Xueping, Ju Ping, Wu Feng, journalName=Automation of Electric Power Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pan Xueping, Ju Ping, Wu Feng, et al. Discussion on model structure of DFIG-base wind turbine[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(5): 7-14., articleTitle=Discussion on model structure of DFIG-base wind turbine, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1208085591711912171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, awardId=52377172, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52377172), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085582677381697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582685770309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085582694158916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, companyId=1208085582677381697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208085587479860143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Structure of LSTM cell, figureFileSmall=WpUi0KaMs+jSoCj15l0ukw==, figureFileBig=yRv5jTEZjBLZJje7N1P/5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085587622466501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图1, caption=LSTM单元图, figureFileSmall=WpUi0KaMs+jSoCj15l0ukw==, figureFileBig=yRv5jTEZjBLZJje7N1P/5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085587811210205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison of wind speeds with different correlation coefficients and output power of turbines with Weibull distributed wind speeds, figureFileSmall=+WEe0TS1+PphSFpYagMKPQ==, figureFileBig=fJ6wdYbnRqa6cc3TWNU9Ew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085587953816551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同相关系数风速与威布尔分布风速风机输出功率对比

蓝色曲线表示直接采用威布尔分布双馈风机输出功率;橙色曲线表示不同相关系数风速双馈风机输出功率

, figureFileSmall=+WEe0TS1+PphSFpYagMKPQ==, figureFileBig=fJ6wdYbnRqa6cc3TWNU9Ew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588100617209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The partial prediction figure of wind speed at correlation coefficient 0.86, figureFileSmall=RQR0BpyAh1wf+XH87wg64g==, figureFileBig=jdKKV+mf9+Xs06UFy8dgSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588243222531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图3, caption=相关系数0.86的风速部分预测图, figureFileSmall=RQR0BpyAh1wf+XH87wg64g==, figureFileBig=jdKKV+mf9+Xs06UFy8dgSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588364857362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Scatter plot of wind speed at two wind farms, figureFileSmall=dGWPdbG7DSB+KlM5SUCDLw==, figureFileBig=fYXyZ7pUF85D2NpEgYHNEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588461326366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图4, caption=两风电场的风速散点图, figureFileSmall=dGWPdbG7DSB+KlM5SUCDLw==, figureFileBig=fYXyZ7pUF85D2NpEgYHNEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588553601067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The wind speed output power of correlation coefficient 0.86, figureFileSmall=yaSMpfHZkjEeqEkHMXEVRg==, figureFileBig=c4+w18701F3nrYTmoyrk8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588763316287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图5, caption=相关系数0.86风速输出功率, figureFileSmall=yaSMpfHZkjEeqEkHMXEVRg==, figureFileBig=c4+w18701F3nrYTmoyrk8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085588884951117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Voltage simulation results of node 9 under different schemes, figureFileSmall=4g+0akRiGqhoz/wlZVxdLg==, figureFileBig=AFNl+BkcytjWYGR1uB+Vkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085589023363166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同方案下节点9的电压仿真结果, figureFileSmall=4g+0akRiGqhoz/wlZVxdLg==, figureFileBig=AFNl+BkcytjWYGR1uB+Vkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085589195329643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Simulation results of node 9 voltage under different excitation intensity, figureFileSmall=qL6PzmUsKuYN0RDxf+D6gA==, figureFileBig=LAiLKU9F4y2YZ67qipP9MA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085589304381559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同激励强度下节点9的电压仿真结果, figureFileSmall=qL6PzmUsKuYN0RDxf+D6gA==, figureFileBig=LAiLKU9F4y2YZ67qipP9MA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085590604615812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=100 times slip response curve of a sub interval under random excitation, figureFileSmall=6TCVJM6jeS05y9oOZ3en8Q==, figureFileBig=MyPlshLP5vjYjw7xI4MjLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085590722056338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=图8, caption=随机激励下某子区间100次转差响应曲线, figureFileSmall=6TCVJM6jeS05y9oOZ3en8Q==, figureFileBig=MyPlshLP5vjYjw7xI4MjLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085590885634202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Parameter of doubly-fed fans

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
尺度参数c 8
形状参数k 2.2
随机激励强度σ 0.1
定子电阻Rs/p.u. 0.005 5
定子电感Xs/p.u. 0.000 156
转子电阻Rr/p.u. 0.006 21
转子电感Xr/p.u. 0.000 226
励磁电感Xm/p.u. 0.011 01
惯性时间常数H/s 5
), ArticleFig(id=1208085591078572202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

双馈风机参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
尺度参数c 8
形状参数k 2.2
随机激励强度σ 0.1
定子电阻Rs/p.u. 0.005 5
定子电感Xs/p.u. 0.000 156
转子电阻Rr/p.u. 0.006 21
转子电感Xr/p.u. 0.000 226
励磁电感Xm/p.u. 0.011 01
惯性时间常数H/s 5
), ArticleFig(id=1208085591237955770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of output power under random excitation of different wind speed modes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
风速
模式
平均风速/
(m·s-1)
平均功
率/MW
威布尔分布出力均方根值/W
额定1.5 MW 额定750 kW
Weibull 7.083 8 0.387 94
ρv=0.86 7.085 6 0.388 07 3.332×104 2.085×104
ρv=0.43 7.084 5 0.387 73 3.398×104 2.197×104
ρv=0.13 7.085 6 0.388 49 3.479×104 2.254×104
), ArticleFig(id=1208085591422505162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051032249176846, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同风速模式随机激励下出力对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
风速
模式
平均风速/
(m·s-1)
平均功
率/MW
威布尔分布出力均方根值/W
额定1.5 MW 额定750 kW
Weibull 7.083 8 0.387 94
ρv=0.86 7.085 6 0.388 07 3.332×104 2.085×104
ρv=0.43 7.084 5 0.387 73 3.398×104 2.197×104
ρv=0.13 7.085 6 0.388 49 3.479×104 2.254×104
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146119176004939786, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学技术与工程, nameEn=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-1815, eissn=, cn=11-4688/T, coden=null, periodic=4, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Eng, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1754445529766, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, picEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1159791870395564357, language=CN, name=科学技术与工程, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529793, updatedTime=1754445529793, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/site/menus/20090429150146001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1159791870441701702, language=EN, name=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529804, updatedTime=1754445529804, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146123166801305609, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202391400884, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112777, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753520965431, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学技术与工程, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148622798802673703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751782615614, updateTime=1751782615614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798781702180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751782615609, updateTime=1751782615609, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798769119267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1751782615606, updateTime=1751782615606, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798794285094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751782615612, updateTime=1751782615612, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798790090789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751782615611, updateTime=1751782615611, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155914124811976731, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753521003206, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753521003206, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science Technology and Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155914371227308235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753521061952, updateTime=1753521061952, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371210531016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753521061947, updateTime=1753521061947, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371202142407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1753521061945, updateTime=1753521061945, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371223113930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753521061950, updateTime=1753521061950, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371218919625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753521061949, updateTime=1753521061949, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学技术与工程, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science Technology and Engineering, journalPhotoCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPhotoEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于Nataf和LSTM方法的风电场随机系统建模与稳定性分析
收藏切换
PDF下载
邓建军 , 莫仕勋 * , 刘斌 , 张木 , 张锦莘
科学技术与工程 | 论文·电工技术 2025,25(18): 7650-7658
收起
收藏切换
科学技术与工程 | 论文·电工技术 2025, 25(18): 7650-7658
基于Nataf和LSTM方法的风电场随机系统建模与稳定性分析
全屏
邓建军 , 莫仕勋* , 刘斌, 张木, 张锦莘
作者信息
  • 广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004
  • 邓建军(2000—),男,汉族,广西桂林人,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力系统分析与计算。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 莫仕勋(1970—),男,汉族,广西柳州人,硕士,副教授。研究方向:电力系统及其自动化。E-mail:
Modeling and Stability Analysis of Stochastic Systems in Wind Farms Based on Nataf and LSTM Methods
Jian-jun DENG , Shi-xun MO* , Bin LIU, Mu ZHANG, Jin-xin ZHANG
Affiliations
  • School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
出版时间: 2025-06-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028
文章导航
收藏切换

近年来风机并网规模不断提高,针对深度学习对风速预测需要大量数据,以及随机微分方程对风电系统建模未能刻画出风速相关性对出力及并网点电压影响,提出了一种考虑随机因素并计及风速相关性,对含风电的电力系统马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程建模方法,引入Nataf和长短时记忆网络(long short-term memory network,LSTM)法构建风速时空相关性模型,运用马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程将风电系统分段线性化为各线性区间,然后研究了风速相关性、随机激励强度对并网点电压的影响,分析了风电系统临界稳定激励强度,最后通过数值分析方法对所建系统模型进行随机仿真,结果显示在随机激励强度临界值内,系统状态变量波动在稳定区域,与Simulink仿真电路中电压稳定波形对比,验证了本文建模方法的有效性,为新建风电场接入电力系统稳定性分析提供理论依据。

风速相关性  /  长短期记忆网络  /  马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程  /  随机稳定

In recent years, the scale of wind turbine grid connection has been increasing, for the deep learning of wind speed prediction requires a large amount of data, as well as stochastic differential equations for wind power system modeling fail to portray the impact of wind speed correlation on the output power and grid-connection point voltage, a Markov switching stochastic differential equation modeling method considering stochastic factors and wind speed correlation was proposed for power systems containing wind power. The Nataf and LSTM were introduced to construct the wind speed spatio-temporal correlation model, the Markov switching stochastic differential equation was used to segment and linearize the wind power system into various linear segments. Then the effects of wind speed correlation and stochastic excitation strength on the voltage at the grid-connection point were studied, and the critical stable excitation strength of the wind power system was analyzed. Finally, the stochastic simulation of the constructed system model was carried out by numerical analysis methods, and the results show that the system state variable fluctuates in the stable region within the critical value of the random excitation intensity, and the comparison with the stable waveform of voltage in the Simulink simulation circuit verifies the validity of the modeling method in this paper, and provides a theoretical basis for the stability analysis of the new wind farm access to the power system.

wind speed correlation  /  long short-term memory network  /  Markov switching stochastic differential equation  /  stochastic stabilization
邓建军, 莫仕勋, 刘斌, 张木, 张锦莘. 基于Nataf和LSTM方法的风电场随机系统建模与稳定性分析. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7650 -7658 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028
Jian-jun DENG, Shi-xun MO, Bin LIU, Mu ZHANG, Jin-xin ZHANG. Modeling and Stability Analysis of Stochastic Systems in Wind Farms Based on Nataf and LSTM Methods[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7650 -7658 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028
为促进可持续发展,降低传统能源的消耗,以风光发电为主体的新能源发电技术得到大力推广[1]。近年来随着风电装机容量逐渐攀升,风电并网的规模越来越大,电力系统中的不确定因素也越来越多。风速的不确定性、不可调度性导致风电出力的随机性,以及负荷侧引起的随机功率波动给电力系统的运行调度带来了巨大挑战,因此有必要建立描述随机因素对含风电电力系统影响的准确模型,为后续风电电力系统的安全运行及调度提供理论基础。
通常情况下,对含风电电源的电力系统建模是采用基于确定性的常微分方程,但随着新能源接入电力系统的比例提高,以往的常微分方程未能考虑逐渐增长的随机性因素带给系统的影响,导致对系统的出力估计是存在误差的。随机微分方程(stochastic differential equation,SDE)理论作为数学中一个常用的理论,已经广泛地应用于随机控制、金融等各个领域中[2],针对随机扰动的影响,有的学者将SDE引入电力系统中,将电力系统中的随机扰动描述为随机过程,一个随机过程可看作是一个不同时刻上相关的一列随机变量。文献[3]考虑光照、温度等随机因素,基于随机微分方程对光伏电源并网系统进行建模,并将所提方法应用于新型电力系统机电暂态中;文献[4]把风机机械功率作为随机激励对风电电力系统进行建模,研究了风电系统在随机扰动下的状态变量的动态特性;文献[5]将风电机组设备状态与监控指标描述为一个SDE模型;文献[6]利用SDE对影响电力系统不确定性因素进行建模,并应用该模型对风力发电及用电消耗进行分析;文献[7]通过风速的马尔科夫状态转移矩阵对多工况下的风电系统进行建模,讨论了3种不同转移概率的情况,并研究了多工况风电系统鲁棒稳定性;文献[8]将SDE与扩展等面积法(extended equal-area criteria,EEAC)理论结合,构建电力系统随机暂态模型,并研究了多机系统的极限切除时间;文献[9]利用随机微分代数方程对随机干扰下系统状态变量受迫振荡的幅度进行估计,并与蒙特卡洛仿真相比较验证了该方法的优越性。目前基于SDE理论对含风电场的电力系统建模大多只考虑风电的随机性,仅针对某一特定风速下单一工况含风电场的风电电力系统进行分析,或者假设各个风电场相互独立,直接采用服从威布尔(Weibull)分布的风速对多工况风电电力系统进行建模,忽略了风电场风速具有一定的相关性,对风速未进行准确预测,而不准确的风速预测会危及电力系统稳定性及安全性[10],也影响本文研究中后续多工况模型转移状态矩阵。
目前基于深度学习通过风速历史数据对风速进行预测的方法,由于其预测性能优于传统统计模型,且对非线性数据处理能力强,从而得到广泛运用。文献[11] 基于Transformer模型并结合小波变换对风速及发电量进行预测,该方法训练时间短且预测效果好;文献[12]将卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks,CNN)和LSTM结合对风速进行预测,并与多种深度学习预测方法比较,验证该方法优越性。但基于深度学习的风速预测需要大量训练集才能提高预测精度,而新建的风电场风速历史数据不足,并且许多深度学习方法无法计及临近风电场空间相关性的影响,文献[13-15]建立了风速空间相关性模型,对系统进行概率潮流分析,研究了风速相关性对支路潮流波动及常规出力等系统运行状态的影响,因此如果不考虑这种相关性,可能会导致电力系统规划和运行风险评估偏离实际情况。
针对上述问题,现提出一种计及风速相关性的含风电的随机电力系统的建模方法。首先通过Nataf逆变化构造含有风速空间相关性的风电场风速,并将其作为风速数据集,使用LSTM方法构建时空相关性风速模型,然后选取风机机械功率的随机波动作为随机激励,基于马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程(Markov switching stochastic differential equations,MSDE)理论,将含有相关性的风速分段线性化成若干个子线性区间,各子线性区间通过风速的转移状态矩阵耦合在一起,再根据简化的双馈异步发电机(doubly fed induction generator,DFIG)模型构造各子线性区间风电系统的随机动态模型。最后搭建DFIG并网出力模型,通过比对风速空间相关性与直接采用威布尔风速系统的出力验证计及风速空间相关性的必要性,同时基于Nataf-LSTM预测能有效提取风速时空依赖性,然后通过双馈风机并多机系统,分析风速相关性和随机激励强度对风电系统节点电压影响,并运用数值分析方法对随机系统的稳定性进行分析。
风力资源丰富的地区往往处于同一风带,导致各风电场风速之间具有空间相关性,这将增强处于同一风带下风电总出力的波动性,对电网运行特性及调度分析产生重要影响,而在时间尺度上,风电场风速序列会与其历史数据相关,具有时间自相关性,计及风速时空相关性能提高风速预测的准确性,同时能减小风电发电成本[16],且能更细致地刻画风速相关性对风电系统的影响。
实际工程中随机变量之间的联合概率分布函数往往很难得到,而Nataf变换只用知道各随机变量的边缘概率分布函数及相关系数矩阵,即可求得随机变量联合概率分布函数,计算方法简单且适用于大部分分布类型,目前已广泛应用于工程中相关性的计算中[17],基于此,引入Nataf逆变换构造风速空间相关性模型。
Nataf 变换可以完成随机变量的原始空间和独立的标准正态空间之间的转变。设n维随机向量X= [ x 1 , x 2 , , x n ] T,对应的相关系数矩阵为ρ= ( ρ i j ) n × n, n维相关的标准正态随机向量Y= [ y 1 , y 2 , , y n ] T,对应的相关系数矩阵为ρ0= ( ρ 0 i j ) n × n。由等概率转换原则可知随机向量XY的转换关系为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} \varphi_{i}\left(y_{i}\right)=F_{i}\left(x_{i}\right) \\ y_{i}=\varphi^{-1} F_{i}\left(x_{i}\right) \end{array}, \quad i=1,2, \cdots, n\right.$
式(1)中:Fi(xi)为相关非正态随机变量xi的累积分布函数;φi(yi)为标准正态随机变量yi的累积分布函数;φ-1(·)为标准正态随机向量逆累积分布函数。
相关非正态随机向量X的相关系数矩阵ρ与标准正态随机向量Y的相关系数矩阵ρ0的元素相互转换关系为
$\begin{aligned} \rho_{i j}= & \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \frac{F_{i}^{-1}\left[\varphi\left(x_{i}\right)-\mu_{i}\right]}{\sigma_{i}} \frac{F_{j}^{-1}\left[\varphi\left(x_{j}\right)-\mu_{j}\right]}{\sigma_{j}} \times \\ & \varphi_{2}\left(x_{i}, x_{j}, \rho_{0 i j}\right) \mathrm{d} x_{i} \mathrm{~d} x_{j} \end{aligned}$
式(2)中:ρijρ0ij分别为相关系数矩阵ρρ0的分量;φ(·)为相关系数ρ0ij的二维标准正态分布随机向量的联合概率密度函数;μiσi分别为第i个随机向量的均值和标准差。
通过式(3)对相关系数矩阵进行Cholesky分解可得
$\boldsymbol{\rho}_{0}=\boldsymbol{L} \boldsymbol{L}^{\mathrm{T}}$
式(3)中:Lρ0通过Cholesky 分解后得到的下三角矩阵。
生成独立服从标准正态随机向量U,可以通过式(4)将其转化为相关的标准正态随机向量,即
$Y=L U$
由Nataf逆变换可得相关非正态随机变量,即
$\boldsymbol{x}_{i}=F_{i}^{-1}\left[\varphi\left(\boldsymbol{y}_{i}\right)\right]$
通过Nataf逆变换建立风电场相关性风速模型步骤如下。
(1)大量历史统计数据表明地区风速分布近似服从两参数威布尔分布即
$f(v)=\frac{k}{c}\left(\frac{v}{c}\right)^{k-1} \exp \left[-\left(\frac{v}{c}\right)^{k}\right]$
式(6)中:v为风速;k为形状参数;c为尺度参数。
(2)由历史风速记录由式(7)可得风电场群中风速相关系数ρij,其组成的风速相关系数矩阵为ρ
$\rho_{i j}=\frac{\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left(x_{i}-\mu_{x}\right)\left(y_{i}-\mu_{y}\right)}{\sigma_{x} \sigma_{y}}=\rho_{j i}$
式中:n为风速时间序列采样点数;xiyi为两风电场风速时间序列;μσ为风速时间序列的均值和标准差;当两风电场风速时间序列越相关,相关系数ρij越接近1。
(3)通过式(2)中ρ与相关标准正态分布向量Y的相关系数矩阵ρ0的转换关系,可得到相关标准正态分布向量的相关系数矩阵ρ0
(4)对相关系数矩阵ρ0进行Cholesky分解并通过式(4)可得相关标准正态向量。
(5)通过Nataf逆变换由式(5)可得风电场群相关风速,即
$v=c\{-\ln [1-\varphi(y)]\}^{1 / k}$
LSTM擅长捕捉序列中的时间相关性问题,目前已大量运用到具有时间相关性风速预测中,但运用神经网络对风速预测需要大量的历史数据,并且该法未能充分考虑风速受到空间相关性的影响,因此采用基于Nataf逆变换构造的具有空间相关性风速作为数据集,再用LSTM对风速进行预测,该方法既保留了风速的空间和时间相关性,又不需要大量真实历史数据即可生成相关系数,从而获得风速预测的数据集。
LSTM在循环神经网络(recurrent neural network,RNN)的基础上引入了“记忆单元”用于长期的数据信息,以及3个“门”机制包含遗忘门、输入门、输出门来控制数据信息的遗忘、更新和输出。
遗忘门决定前一时间的记忆信息Ct-1是否需要被遗忘。
$\boldsymbol{f}_{\mathrm{t}}=\sigma\left(\boldsymbol{W}_{\mathrm{f}}\left[h_{t-1}, x_{t}\right]+\boldsymbol{b}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)$
式(9)中:ft为遗忘门的输出;σ为sigmoid函数;Wf为权重矩阵;ht-1为前一时间的隐藏状态;xt为当时时的输入;bf为偏置项。
$\boldsymbol{i}_{t}=\sigma\left(\boldsymbol{W}_{\mathrm{i}}\left[h_{t-1}, x_{t}\right]+\boldsymbol{b}_{\mathrm{i}}\right)$
$\tilde{\boldsymbol{C}}_{t}=\tanh \left(\boldsymbol{W}_{\mathrm{c}}\left[h_{t-1}, x_{t}\right]+\boldsymbol{b}_{\mathrm{c}}\right)$
式中:it为输入门的输出; C ~ t为候选记忆信息状态。
输出门决定记忆单元中输出到隐藏状态和当前时刻输出程度。
$\boldsymbol{o}_{t}=\sigma\left(\boldsymbol{W}_{\mathrm{o}}\left[h_{t-1}, x_{t}\right]+\boldsymbol{b}_{\mathrm{o}}\right)$
$\boldsymbol{h}_{t}=\boldsymbol{o}_{t} \tanh \left(\boldsymbol{C}_{t}\right)$
式中:ot为输出门的输出;htt时刻隐藏状态。
此外还有记忆单元在网络不同时刻中储存和传递信息:
$C_{t}=f_{t} C_{t-1}+i_{t} \tilde{C}_{t}$
LSTM单元结构如图1所示。
在实际的工程要求下,风机的输出功率虽然受到多重因素影响,如风速、温度、气压等,但风速仍是最主要因素,因此风机输出功率与风速的关系可用分段函数表示,即
$P_{\mathrm{w}}=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} 0, & v<v_{\mathrm{ci}}, v>v_{\mathrm{co}} \\ \frac{v^{n}-v_{\mathrm{ci}}^{n}}{v_{\mathrm{r}}^{n}-v_{\mathrm{ci}}^{n}} P_{\mathrm{r}}, & v_{\mathrm{ci}} \leqslant v<v_{\mathrm{r}} \\ P_{\mathrm{r}}, & v_{\mathrm{r}} \leqslant v \leqslant v_{\mathrm{co}} \end{array}\right.$
式(15)中:Pr为风机的额定功率;vci为切入风速;vr为额定风速;vco为切出风速;n为风速—功率系数。
普通的随机微分方程一般仅有一个随机因素的影响,并将其视为高斯过程,但实际电力系统中通常受到多种随机因素干扰,当系统受到某个有限空间马尔科夫链r(t)作用时就会形成马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程[18],即
$\begin{aligned} \mathrm{d} \boldsymbol{x}(t)= & f[\boldsymbol{x}(t), t, \boldsymbol{r}(t)] \mathrm{d} t+ \\ & g[\boldsymbol{x}(t), t, r(t)] \mathrm{d} \boldsymbol{B}(t) \end{aligned}$
式(16)中:x(t)= [ x 1 ( t ) , x 2 ( t ) , , x n ( t ) ] Tn维矢量随机变量;B(t)为m维随机过程,每一个分量都是一个标准的维纳过程;系数f:Rn×R+×S→Rn,扩散项g:Rn×R+×S→Rn×m,其中,×为笛卡尔乘积;Rnn维实数空间;r(t)为在一个有限状态空间S={1,2,…,n}取值的右连续的马尔科夫随机过程,其中t≥0;马尔科夫链r(t)与布朗运动B(t)是相互独立的,其状态转移概率矩阵为Γ=(γij)N×N,状态转移概率为
$\begin{aligned} P\{\boldsymbol{r}(t+\delta) & =j \mid \boldsymbol{r}(t)=i\} \\ & =\left\{\begin{array}{ll} \gamma_{i j} \delta+o(\delta), & i \neq j \\ 1+\gamma_{i j} \delta+o(\delta), & i=j \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}$
式(17)中:δ>0, m i n δ o ( δ ) δ=0;r(t)为系统处于t时刻的状态;r(t+δ)为系统处于t+δ时刻的状态;γij为系统从运行工况i到工况j的转移概率,当ijγij>0,γii=- j i γij
定理1 马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程满足以下条件。
(1)利普希兹条件:对于每一个k=1,2,…,n,都存在一个大于零的正常数hk使得
$\begin{array}{l} |f(x, t, i)-f(y, t, i)| V \\ \quad|g(x, t, i)-g(y, t, i)| \leqslant h_{k}|x-y| \end{array}$
(2)线性增长条件:对任意的x∈Rn,t∈[t0,T],iS使得
$\begin{array}{l} |f(x, t, i)-f(y, t, i)| \vee|g(x, t, i)| \leqslant \\ h(1+|x|) \end{array}$
则马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程存在唯一的解x(t),t≥0且对于每一个p>0都满足E[ s u p x ( s ) p 0 s t]<∞。
对于马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程由于其解是随机过程,因此很难求得解析解,在实际计算中通常采用数值计算方法来逼近精确解。马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程数值计算方法有:EM(Euler-Maruyama)方法、倒向Euler-Maruyama方法、Milstein方法等,EM法是目前求解随机微分方程数值方法中常见的方法[19],对于形如式(16)的马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程EM法近似迭代格式为
$X_{h+1}=X_{h}+f\left(X_{h}, r_{h}^{\Delta t}\right) \Delta t+g\left(X_{h}, r_{h}^{\Delta t}\right) \Delta B_{h}$
式(20)中:Δt=(T-t0)/m;Xh=X(hΔt);ΔBh=B(th+1)-B(th),ΔBh为服从高斯分布的随机变量,满足ΔBh~N(0,Δt),即EBh]=0,E[ Δ B h 2]=Δt; r h Δ t=r(hΔt),则{ r h Δ t,h=0,1,2,…}是一个离散的马尔可夫链,且单步的转移概率矩阵为Pt)=[Pijt)]N×N=eΔ;h=1,2,…,N
双馈异步风力发电机是目前风电场应用最多的机型,风电机组在小干扰下的机械功率可分为两部分,一部分为风机在某工况下机械功率稳态初值,另一部分是受到新能源发电或负荷波动[20] (如电动汽车充电)引起的随机功率波动。则双馈感应发电机在标幺值下的转子运动方程为
$2 H_{\mathrm{g}} \frac{\mathrm{~d} s}{\mathrm{~d} t}=\frac{P_{\mathrm{m}}-P_{\mathrm{s}}}{1-s}$
$P_{\mathrm{m}}=P_{\mathrm{m} 0}+\sigma W(t)$
式中: Hg为风机的惯性时间常数;Pe为电磁功率;Pm为机械功率;s为转差率;Pm0为风速某工况下风机机械功率稳态初值;W(t)为维纳过程,用其来描述机械功率随机波动情况;σ为随机激励强度。
完整的双馈感应风机模型阶数很高,对其进行全阶建模很容易出现维数太大的问题,而且双馈风电机组将转子侧及网侧控制器动态模型进行忽略,对双馈风电机组系统的动态特性没有太大影响[21],简化模型仍能反映出随机因素对双馈风机的影响。所以本文不考虑发电机定子暂态过程,采取简化的双馈风机模型进行分析,标幺值下的双馈风电机模型为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} \frac{\mathrm{d} E_{d}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{d} t}=-\frac{X_{\mathrm{m}}}{X_{\mathrm{rr}}} U_{\mathrm{qr}}-\frac{1}{T_{0}^{\prime}} E_{d}^{\prime}+s E_{q}^{\prime}+\frac{1}{T_{0}^{\prime}}\left(X^{\prime}-X_{\mathrm{ss}}\right) i_{\mathrm{qs}} \\ \frac{\mathrm{~d} E_{q}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{d} t}=\frac{X_{\mathrm{m}}}{X_{\mathrm{rr}}} U_{\mathrm{dr}}-\frac{1}{T_{0}^{\prime}} E_{q}^{\prime}-s E_{d}^{\prime}+\frac{1}{T_{0}^{\prime}}\left(X_{\mathrm{ss}}-X^{\prime}\right) i_{\mathrm{ds}} \end{array}\right.$
式(23)中:X'=Xss-( X m 2/Xrr);T'0=Xrr/Rr;Xss=Xs+Xm;Xrr=Xr+Xm;E'dE'q为双馈感应发电机dq轴的暂态电势分量;Rr为转子电阻;Xm为励磁电感;Xs为定子电感;Xr为转子电感。
式(21)~式(23)构造了风电系统随机微分方程模型,将其在稳定点线性化并消去代数变量,可得风电系统在小干扰下某风速对应工况下的随机动态模型,即
$\mathrm{d} \Delta \boldsymbol{X}=\boldsymbol{A} \Delta \boldsymbol{X} \mathrm{d} t+\boldsymbol{K} \mathrm{d} B(t)$
式(24)中:ΔX为状态变量的增量;A为状态矩阵;K为系数矩阵。
定理2 如果形如式(24)随机微分方程的解满足:
$\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty} E\|\Delta X(t)\|^{p}<c$
c≥0时,则称系统是随机p阶稳定的,若p=1则称系统是均值稳定的,若p=2则称系统是均方稳定的。
定理3 如果形如式(24)随机微分方程所描述模型,若电力系统满足小干扰稳定,则在高斯随机激励下是满足均值稳定和均方稳定的[3]
处于同一风带下风电场风速具有相关性,并且风速的波动会导致风电系统运行工况发生改变,若不计及风速相关性来对多工况系统运行情况进行分析将会对电力系统的运行调度造成巨大的影响。
风速的转移符合马尔科夫(Markov)转移规律,针对多工况下风电系统的建模就可将风速的改变使系统运行工况出现变换过程进行解耦,将其分段线性化成各个子线性区间,各个子线性区间就通过转移概率矩阵将系统在各个稳定点的线性化模型结合起来,就能得到多工况的模型。
计及风速时空相关性的风电系统建模步骤如下。
(1)基于Nataf逆变换建立考虑风速空间相关性的风速。
(2)将步骤(1)建成的风速作为数据集,运用LSTM构建风速时空相关性模型。
(3)对风速数据进行聚类分析,将风速数据划分为各个子线性区间,由于风速符合马尔科夫转移规律,则各线性区间就形成Markov模态。
(4)选取各线性区间聚类中心点作为特征风速,将特征风速作为稳定点初值得到式(24)形式的随机微分方程。
(5)根据相关性风速数据选取符合各子线性区间条件的所有数据点,然后记录下一时刻风速改变情况,从而获得各子线性区间的状态转移矩阵。
在MATLAB/Simulink平台上搭建双馈风机并网电路并进行仿真,将风电场等效为一台DFIG,并通过1.2节对风速空间相关性模型建模,将随机扰动视为高斯白噪声,直接并入额定电压690 V电网,各参数如表1所示。
不同风电基地风速空间相关系数不同,为了便于讨论取相关系数分别为强相关0.86,中相关0.43,弱相关0.13。将不同相关系数风速与直接采用威布尔分布风速双馈风机输出功率进行仿真对比,双馈风机额定功率为750 kW,并对仿真曲线进行局部放大可得图2。由图2可知不同相关系数与直接采用威布尔分布的风速双馈风机出力波动曲线并不一致,当风速相关系数较低时风电出力曲线在某段时间内完全相反,呈现一个在波峰一个在波谷的情况,而风速相关系数较高时风电出力与威布尔分布出力曲线相差较小。
将双馈风机额定功率调整为1.5 MW,其余参数参照表1,对双馈风机出力进行仿真,计算不同相关系数风速与Weibull风速出力均方根值,并与额定功率为750 kW额定功率进行对比,4种不同风速随机激励下仿真数值如表2所示。
表2计算结果可以得出,虽然不同风速模式平均风速相近,但无论风机额定功率为750 kW还是1.5 MW时,随着风速相关系数的提高,与威布尔风速风机出力的均方根值都逐渐减小。当风机额定功率增大时,计及风速相关性与威布尔分布出力波动的偏差更大,可见若是不考虑风速相关性直接采用威布尔分布对风机系统出力的估计存在偏差,验证了本文计及风速空间相关性对系统随机建模的必要性。
设两风电场风速相关系数为0.86,通过1.2节构建风速空间相关性数据集,数据集包含10 000个风速数据,取前8 000个点为训练集,8 000~9 000个点为测试集,最后1 000点为预测集,将两风电场风速数据联合作为输入训练LSTM模型,设LSTM每轮步数为50,预测结果如图3图4所示。
图3可以看出在强随机风速下,LSTM预测值与真实值呈现大致相同趋势,均方根值为3.18,预测结果较好,并且图4两风电场风速散点图也呈现强相关性,相关系数为0.825,经过预测后两风电场仍保留较好的相关性,可以验证Nataf-LSTM法很好的计及了风速地时空相关性。
图5是随机激励下相关系数为0.86的双馈风机输出功率仿真曲线。由图5中仿真结果可以得到,风机输出功率在长时间仿真下曲线波动不大,保持较平稳状态,证明了风电系统在随机干扰下是稳定的,考虑风速时空相关性并不影响系统稳定性。
为了能更客观地反映风速相关性及随机因素对电网的影响,采用IEEE三机九节点系统模型进行仿真,将风电场等效为35台额定功率1.5 MW的双馈风机,风电渗透率约为20.7%,双馈风机经0.575/230 kV升压变压器升压后并入节点9。取随机激励强度σ=0.1,采取以下3个方案分析。
方案Ⅰ:针对特定风速对风电系统建模情况,设置风速为8 m/s,节点电压仿真结果如图6(a)所示。
方案Ⅱ:针对直接采用威布尔分布对风电系统建模情况,设置风速服从威布尔分布,节点电压仿真结果如图6(b)所示。
方案Ⅲ:计及风速相关性,取相关系数为0.86,节点电压仿真结果如图6(c)所示。
由于引入了高斯白噪声作为随机扰动,系统频率出现不稳定,风机出力曲线存在一定的波动,使得节点9电压波形出现波动,由图6可以得到,即使受到随机扰动的影响,3种方案电压幅值仍保持在±1附近,没有出现失稳。但3种方案中,方案Ⅰ节点电压波形保持最完整,而方案Ⅱ和方案Ⅲ在50~80 s时间左右电压波形均出现轻微畸变,而方案Ⅲ节点电压波形畸变更加明显,可以得出风速相关性对系统随机稳定性存在影响,这也将影响电力系统安全和经济运行。
为了研究随机激励强度对节点电压影响,设置风速相关性为0.86,通过改变随机激励强度分析系统电压在不同随机扰动下稳定情况,结果如图7所示。由图7中仿真结果可得,当激励强度增大到0.3的时候,电压畸变较严重,而当随机激励强度设为0.4时进行仿真,节点电压失去稳定,电压波形已经越限,因此可得随机激励强度为0.3时是计及风速相关性风电系统临界稳定激励强度。
同样将随机扰动视为高斯白噪声,取随机强度为0.1,通过3.2节将风电系统解耦成若干个子线性区间,选取一子区间采用简化DFIG模型对其进行小干扰稳定分析,该状态下s=-0.14 p.u.,Ed0=-0.121 7 p.u.,Eq0=0.98 p.u.,将其代入随机微分方程式(24),可得系统状态方程矩阵为
$\left[\begin{array}{ccc} -0.036 & -0.139 & 0.98 \\ 0.139 & -0.036 & 0.1217 \\ -0.419 & 0.0152 & 0 \end{array}\right]$
其特征根分别为-0.023 315±j0.023 66,-0.024 415,其中j为虚数单位,特征根实部全部为负,因此系统是小干扰稳定的,根据定理3可得系统是均值稳定和均方稳定的。
通过EM数值算法并经过100次仿真获得该子状态下系统状态变量仿真曲线(图8),由图8可得在100次仿真下风电系统在受到随机扰动后,转差率状态变量响应曲线形成了一个稳定域,大部分转差率变化幅度不超过±0.4,状态变量在稳定运行点附近随机波动,风电系统在随机激励下没有出现失稳,这与小干扰稳定分析结果相同,验证了该方法建模的正确性。
提出了一种计及风速时空相关性风电场的马尔科夫切换型随机微分方程建模方法,并对其随机稳定性进行分析。该方法计及了风速相关性与随机扰动对含风电电力系统出力和节点电压的影响,并基于马尔可夫切换型随机微分方程理论,将随机激励下风电系统分段线性化成各个子线性区间,各子区间通过状态转移矩阵联系起来;得出如下结论。
(1)提出了计及风速相关性的多工况风电系统的分析模型,将包含离散随机量的随机过程和风速相关性表达成一个解析解,能便捷应用到相关的场景中。
(2)通过双馈风机并网分析,得出不同相关系数出力波动不同,且随着额定功率的增加,计及风速相关性与威布尔分布风速风机出力偏差不断增加,风速相关性也导致节点电压出现较明显畸变,讨论系统随机稳定性和风速建模时要计及风速相关性。
(3)通过分段线性化,对线性区间进行数值分析,并与小干扰稳定分析结果进行对比可得:随机扰动下系统状态变量形成一个稳定域,通过本方法建模的风电系统具有随机稳定性。
本文所提含风电电力系统的建模方法针对新建风电场历史数据不足时的状况,计及了风速时空相关性对风速建模,并且克服了传统仅针对特定风速单一工况,或直接采用威布尔分布风速对多工况风电随机系统无法精确建模的问题,得出了临界稳定激励强度的边界值,为含风电电力系统的随机稳定性分析与保护提供新的方法。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52377172)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
韩毅, 刘玮, 张丽辉, 等. 大型风电场实地测风数据精细化分析方法[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24(26): 11271-11282.
Han Yi, Liu Wei, Zhang Lihui, et al. Detailed analysis method of the on-site wind resource data for large-scale wind farm[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(26): 11271-11282.
[2]
Baccouch M. A discontinuous Galerkin method for systems of stochastic differential equations with applications to population biology, finance, and physics[J]. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 2021, 388. DOI: 10.1016/j.cam.2020.113297.
[3]
汤先航, 莫仕勋, 张镱议, 等. 基于随机微分方程的光伏电源机电随机特性的代数建模方法及应用[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48 (12): 5100-5107.
Tang Xianhang, Mo Shixun, Zhang Yiyi, et al. Algebraic modeling Method and application of electromechanical random characteristics of photovoltaic power supply based on stochastic differential equation[J]. Power System Technology, 2024, 48 (12): 5100-5107.
[4]
蒋长江, 刘俊勇, 刘友波, 等. 计及风电随机激励的电力系统暂态稳定分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(3): 100-108.
Jiang Changjiang, Liu Junyong, Liu Youbo, et al. Transient stability analysis of power system considering wind-power stochastic excitation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(3): 100-108.
[5]
陈力. 基于随机微分方程的风电机组预防性维修策略研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2022.
Chen Li. Research on preventive maintenance strategy of wind turbine based on stochastic differential equation[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University, 2022.
[6]
Verdejo H, Awerkin A, Kliemann W, et al. Modelling uncertainties in electrical power systems with stochastic differential equations[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2019, 113: 322-332.
[7]
Lu Z, Lu S, Xu M, et al. A robust stochastic stability analysis approach for power system considering wind speed prediction error based on Markov model[J]. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2020, 75. DOI: 10.1016/j.csi.2020.103503.
[8]
Huang T, Wang J. A practical method of transient stability analysis of stochastic power systems based on EEAC[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2019, 107: 167-176.
[9]
Li H, Ju P, Gan C, et al. Analytic estimation method of forced oscillation amplitude under stochastic continuous disturbances[J]. Smart Grid IEEE Transactions, 2019, 10(4): 4026-4036.
[10]
Wang Y, Zou R, Liu F, et al. A review of wind speed and wind power forecasting with deep neural networks[J]. Applied Energy, 2021, 304(1). DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117766.
[11]
Nascimento E, Melo T, Moreira D, et al. A transformer-based deep neural network with wavelet transform for forecasting wind speed and wind energy[J]. Energy, 2023, 278: 1-9.
[12]
Zhu Q, Chen J, Shi D, et al. Learning temporal and spatial correlations jointly: a unified framework for wind speed prediction[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2019.2897136.
[13]
周庭宇. 基于Copula-NataF点估计法的多风电场电力系统概率潮流计算[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2021.
Zhou Tingyu. The Copula-NataF point estimate method based probabilistic power flow of power system with multiple wind farms[D]. Chengdu: University of Electrical Science and Technology of China, 2021.
[14]
王士兴, 陈树恒, 刘群英, 等. 基于高斯混合随机性模型的多风电场配电网概率潮流计算[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42 (11): 64-69, 91.
Wang Shixing, Chen Shuheng, Liu Qunying, et al. Probabilistic power flow calculation of distribution network with multiple wind farms based on Gaussian mixture random model[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42 (11): 64-69, 91.
[15]
Xin F, Bri-Mathias H, Ershun D, et al. Modelling wind power spatial-temporal correlation in multi-interval optimal power flow: a sparse correlation matrix approach[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 230: 531-539.
[16]
Ji T, Lin Y, Jiang Y, et al. Probabilistic optimal power flow considering the dependence of multiple wind farms using pair diffusive kernel copula[J]. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2023, 9(5): 1641-1654.
[17]
汤奕, 王洪儒. 高维变量下电力系统不确定性分析的快速Nataf变换方法[J]. 电网技术, 2024. DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.0899.
Tang Yi, Wang Hongru. A fast nataf transformation method for power system uncertainty analysis with high-dimensional uncertain variables[J]. Power System Technology, 2024. DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.0899.
[18]
Cai Y, Li Y, Mao X. Stationary distribution of periodic stochastic differential equations with Markov switching[J]. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2024, 537(2). DOI: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128291.
[19]
王加强, 孙永辉, 翟苏巍, 等. 基于Markov理论的含风电电力系统随机建模及小干扰稳定性分析[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(2): 646-654.
Wang JiaQiang, Sun Yonghui, Zhai Suwei, et al. Stochastic modeling and small signal stability analysis of wind power system based on Markov theory[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(2): 646-654.
[20]
王冲, 王秀丽, 鞠平, 等. 电力系统随机分析方法研究综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(3): 184-199.
Wang Chong, Wang Xiuli, Ju Ping, et al. Review of research on power system stochastic analysis methods[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(3): 184-199.
[21]
潘学萍, 鞠平, 吴峰, 等. 双馈风电机组模型结构讨论[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39(5): 7-14.
Pan Xueping, Ju Ping, Wu Feng, et al. Discussion on model structure of DFIG-base wind turbine[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(5): 7-14.
2025年第25卷第18期
PDF下载
248
109
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028
  • 接收时间:2024-12-04
  • 首发时间:2025-12-17
  • 出版时间:2025-06-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-04
  • 修回日期:2025-04-03
基金
国家自然科学基金(52377172)
作者信息
    广西大学电气工程学院, 南宁 530004

通讯作者:

* 莫仕勋(1970—),男,汉族,广西柳州人,硕士,副教授。研究方向:电力系统及其自动化。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2409028
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏