Article(id=1156264261216227961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156264148657886112, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712332800000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-06, revisedDate=1733846400000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753604482225, onlineDateStr=2025-07-27, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753604482225, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753604482225, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753604482225, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156264148657886112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='6', pageStart='2193', pageEnd='2636', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753604455388, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753771257443, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156963767234945803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156264148657886112, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156963767234945804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156264148657886112, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2480, endPage=2489, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156264261732127354, articleId=1156264261216227961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Experimental of Failure Process of Long and Short Rockbolts for a Week Deep Tunnel, columnId=1156262729917780302, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To study the effect of anchor length on anchorage effect of weak rock masses in a deep tunnel, the indoor similar model tests were carried out on failure test of rock masses during the excavation opening. The variation characteristic on the failure, displacements and stress of the rock mass after excavation were analyzed comparatively under three conditions (without anchors, with short anchors and long anchors).In the loading test, the failure process of rock mass around the opening shows that the failure process of surrounding rock occurs first at the side wall, then the arch waist and the arch collapse. The surrounding rock in the arch roof after reinforcing rock bolts forms the effect of strengthening beam because of the reinforcement of rock bolts, which leads to the significant increase in the maximum settlement and failure load of the arch roof. The length of rock bolts need to pass through the plastic loosening zone of the arch roof. If the length of anchor rod is not enough to anchor the whole plastic loosening zone, there will be stratification between the anchored surrounding rock and the unanchored surrounding rock. Based on the theory of homogenization strength of rock mass, the short bolt mainly increases the effective support force of surrounding rock at shallow tunnel wall, thus improving the strength of surrounding rock, and the long bolt (cable) can regulate the stress in the elastic zone of deep surrounding rock. Therefore, the combination of the long bolt (cable) effectively regulates the stress state of surrounding rock.

, correspAuthors=Feng-yun WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Feng-yun WANG, Rui PAN, Yi CAI, Li-qing NIE, Yong-xiang CAI, Min-jun TANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156264370012278983, articleId=1156264261216227961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=深埋隧道长短锚杆锚固围岩破坏模型试验, columnId=1156262730517565784, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究长短锚杆对深埋隧道软弱围岩锚固效果的影响,通过室内相似模型试验,开展隧道开挖后围岩的加载破坏试验,对比分析3种工况下(无锚、短锚和长锚)围岩破坏、变形和应力变化规律。结果表明:加载开挖隧道后的围岩,其破坏顺序表现为边墙和拱腰依次剪切破坏,最后拱顶塌陷;锚固后的围岩拱顶由于锚杆的锚固作用形成了“加强梁”的作用,使拱顶承受的最大沉降及其破坏荷载显著增加;锚杆的长度需要穿过拱顶塑性松动区,若锚杆长度不足以锚固整个塑性松动区,被锚固的围岩与上部未被锚固的围岩之间存在“分层”现象。根据锚固围岩强度均一化理论得到,短锚杆主要是增加浅层洞壁处围岩的有效支护力,从而提高了洞壁处围岩强度,长锚杆主要是调节深部围岩弹性区应力状态,长短锚杆组合使用可有效调节围岩应力状态。

, correspAuthors=王凤云, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
王凤云(1989-),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=BaO7Mk3Ll+bHl20GLSKW1A==, magXml=1qlbQKsTN31HPagHyxTfhw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=klijb61JL9Q7GMQsvNQLUA==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=VLvmEsYjD3+k0EdE4Ha7Jg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=8BCtsV0JPeNirEZK6sJn4A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王凤云(1989—),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。E-mail:

, authorsList=王凤云, 潘锐, 蔡毅, 聂利青, 蔡永祥, 唐民军)}, authors=[Author(id=1233507640849002595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fengyunwang_sc@sina.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507640941277287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507640849002595, language=EN, stringName=Feng-yun WANG, firstName=Feng-yun, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641033551976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507640849002595, language=CN, stringName=王凤云, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio={"content":"

王凤云(1989—),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

王凤云(1989—),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1233507641096466538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641176158316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641096466538, language=EN, stringName=Rui PAN, firstName=Rui, middleName=null, lastName=PAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641239072877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641096466538, language=CN, stringName=潘锐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1233507641306181743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641390067826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641306181743, language=EN, stringName=Yi CAI, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641457176691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641306181743, language=CN, stringName=蔡毅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1233507641520091253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641603977336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641520091253, language=EN, stringName=Li-qing NIE, firstName=Li-qing, middleName=null, lastName=NIE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641679474809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641520091253, language=CN, stringName=聂利青, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1233507641750777979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641826275454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641750777979, language=EN, stringName=Yong-xiang CAI, firstName=Yong-xiang, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507641889190015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641750777979, language=CN, stringName=蔡永祥, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1233507641956298881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233507642065350788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641956298881, language=EN, stringName=Min-jun TANG, firstName=Min-jun, middleName=null, lastName=TANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233507642140848261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, authorId=1233507641956298881, language=CN, stringName=唐民军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1233507642321203334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=tunneling rock), Keyword(id=1233507642384117895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=model test), Keyword(id=1233507642455421064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=anchor length), Keyword(id=1233507642514141321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=displacement failure), Keyword(id=1233507642581250186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=plastic zone), Keyword(id=1233507642644164747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=隧道围岩), Keyword(id=1233507642711273612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=模型试验), Keyword(id=1233507642778382477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=锚杆长度), Keyword(id=1233507642841297038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=变形破坏), Keyword(id=1233507643017457807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=塑性区半径)], refs=[Reference(id=1233507647681523897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=35, issue=2, pageStart=312, pageEnd=332, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=刘泉声, 雷广峰, 彭星新, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘泉声, 雷广峰, 彭星新. 深部裂隙岩体锚固机制研究进展与思考[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(2): 312-332., articleTitle=深部裂隙岩体锚固机制研究进展与思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507647748632762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=35, issue=2, pageStart=312, pageEnd=332, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Liu Quansheng, Lei Guangfeng, Peng Xingxin, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Quansheng, Lei Guangfeng, Peng Xingxin. Advance and review on the anchoring mechanism in deep fractured rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(2): 312-332., articleTitle=Advance and review on the anchoring mechanism in deep fractured rock mass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507647824130235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=6, pageStart=1069, pageEnd=1077, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=余涛, 方勇, 姚志刚, journalName=岩土工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余涛, 方勇, 姚志刚, 等. 隧道预应力锚杆锚固结构承载效应及围岩力学分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2022, 44(6): 1069-1077., articleTitle=隧道预应力锚杆锚固结构承载效应及围岩力学分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649233416380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=6, pageStart=1069, pageEnd=1077, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Yu Tao, Fang Yong, Yao Zhigang, journalName=Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Tao, Fang Yong, Yao Zhigang, et al. Bearing effect of prestressed bolt-anchored structures and mechanical analysis of surrounding rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 44(6): 1069-1077., articleTitle=Bearing effect of prestressed bolt-anchored structures and mechanical analysis of surrounding rock, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649300525245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=2, pageStart=757, pageEnd=765, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=王惠贤, 吴庆良, 鲍安红, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王惠贤, 吴庆良, 鲍安红, 等. 锚杆支护下两向不等压深埋隧洞受力与变形弹性分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24 (2): 757-765., articleTitle=锚杆支护下两向不等压深埋隧洞受力与变形弹性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649363439806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=2, pageStart=757, pageEnd=765, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Wang Huixian, Wu Qingliang, Bao Anhong, journalName=Secience Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Huixian, Wu Qingliang, Bao Anhong, et al. Elastic analysis of stress and deformation of deep buried tunnel supported by bolts under two-direction unequal pressure[J]. Secience Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24 (2): 757-765., articleTitle=Elastic analysis of stress and deformation of deep buried tunnel supported by bolts under two-direction unequal pressure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649430548671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=35, issue=7, pageStart=1965, pageEnd=1972, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=王斌, 王卫军, 赵伏军, journalName=岩土力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王斌, 王卫军, 赵伏军, 等. 基于巷道围岩自承特性的锚杆锚固效果研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2014, 35(7): 1965-1972., articleTitle=基于巷道围岩自承特性的锚杆锚固效果研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649485074624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=35, issue=7, pageStart=1965, pageEnd=1972, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Wang Bin, Wang Weijun, Zhao Fujun, journalName=Rock and Soil Mechanics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Bin, Wang Weijun, Zhao Fujun, et al. Study of bolt anchoring effect based on self-bearing characteristics of roadway surrounding rock[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2014, 35(7): 1965-1972., articleTitle=Study of bolt anchoring effect based on self-bearing characteristics of roadway surrounding rock, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649547989185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=387, pageEnd=392, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=程卫民, 孙路路, 王刚, journalName=采矿与安全工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程卫民, 孙路路, 王刚, 等. 急倾斜特厚煤层开采相似材料模拟试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2016, 33(3): 387-392., articleTitle=急倾斜特厚煤层开采相似材料模拟试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649615098050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=387, pageEnd=392, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Cheng Weimin, Sun Lulu, Wang Gang, journalName=Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cheng Weimin, Sun Lulu, Wang Gang, et al. Similar material simulation test of steep-inclined extra-thick coal seam[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2016, 33(3): 387-392., articleTitle=Similar material simulation test of steep-inclined extra-thick coal seam, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649678012611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=37, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=周辉, 渠成堃, 黄健利, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周辉, 渠成堃, 黄健利, 等. 基于模型试验的深部煤层合理停采线结构分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(10): 37-46., articleTitle=基于模型试验的深部煤层合理停采线结构分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649749315780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=37, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Zhou Hui, Qu Chengkun, Huang Jianli, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Hui, Qu Chengkun, Huang Jianli, et al. Analysis of rational shape of stop line in deep coal seam based on model test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(10): 37-46., articleTitle=Analysis of rational shape of stop line in deep coal seam based on model test, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649849979077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=461, pageEnd=472, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=潘锐, 程桦, 王雷, journalName=采矿与安全工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘锐, 程桦, 王雷, 等. 深部巷道锚注支护效果及组合式高强锚注控制技术研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2020, 37(3): 461-472., articleTitle=深部巷道锚注支护效果及组合式高强锚注控制技术研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649904505030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=461, pageEnd=472, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Pan Rui, Cheng Hua, Wang Lei, journalName=Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pan Rui, Cheng Hua, Wang Lei, et al. Analysis of the bolt-grouting support in deep roadway and combined high-strength bolt-grouting control technology[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2020, 37(3): 461-472., articleTitle=Analysis of the bolt-grouting support in deep roadway and combined high-strength bolt-grouting control technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507649967419591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=40, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=刘学生, 宋世琳, 范德源, journalName=采矿与安全工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘学生, 宋世琳, 范德源, 等. 深部超大断面硐室群围岩变形破裂演化规律试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2020, 37(1): 40-49., articleTitle=深部超大断面硐室群围岩变形破裂演化规律试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650034528456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=40, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Liu Xuesheng, Song Shilin, Fan Deyuan, journalName=Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Xuesheng, Song Shilin, Fan Deyuan, et al. Experimental study on deformation and failure evolution of surrounding rock for deep super-large section chamber group[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2020, 37(1): 40-49., articleTitle=Experimental study on deformation and failure evolution of surrounding rock for deep super-large section chamber group, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650105831625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=50, issue=1, pageStart=104, pageEnd=114, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=徐前卫, 丁文其, 朱合华, journalName=土木工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐前卫, 丁文其, 朱合华, 等. 超大断面隧道软弱围岩卸荷渐进破坏特性研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2017, 50(1): 104-114., articleTitle=超大断面隧道软弱围岩卸荷渐进破坏特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650168746186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=50, issue=1, pageStart=104, pageEnd=114, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Xu Qianwei, Ding Wenqi, Zhu Hehua, journalName=China Civil Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Qianwei, Ding Wenqi, Zhu Hehua, et al. Study on progressive unloading failure characteristics of superlarge tunnel in soft and weak rock mass[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2017, 50(1): 104-114., articleTitle=Study on progressive unloading failure characteristics of superlarge tunnel in soft and weak rock mass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650248437963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=39, issue=4, pageStart=617, pageEnd=625, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=徐前卫, 程盼盼, 朱合华, journalName=岩土工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐前卫, 程盼盼, 朱合华, 等. 深埋隧道软弱围岩渐进性破坏及其锚固效应试验与模拟[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2017, 39(4): 617-625., articleTitle=深埋隧道软弱围岩渐进性破坏及其锚固效应试验与模拟, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650323935436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=39, issue=4, pageStart=617, pageEnd=625, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Xu Qianwei, Cheng Panpan, Zhu Hehua, journalName=Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Qianwei, Cheng Panpan, Zhu Hehua, et al. Experimental and numerical studies on progressive failure characteristics of weak surrounding rock mass of tunnel and its anchoring effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(4): 617-625., articleTitle=Experimental and numerical studies on progressive failure characteristics of weak surrounding rock mass of tunnel and its anchoring effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650399432909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=48, issue=2, pageStart=125, pageEnd=134, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=20, authorNames=方勇, 符亚鹏, 杨志浩, journalName=土木工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方勇, 符亚鹏, 杨志浩, 等. 公路隧道下穿煤层采空区开挖过程相似模型试验[J]. 土木工程学报, 2015, 48(2): 125-134., articleTitle=公路隧道下穿煤层采空区开挖过程相似模型试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650491707598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=48, issue=2, pageStart=125, pageEnd=134, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Fang Yong, Fu Yapeng, Yang Zhihao, journalName=China Civil Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fang Yong, Fu Yapeng, Yang Zhihao, et al. Similarity bmodel test of highway tunnel excavation beneath mined-out area[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2015, 48(2): 125-134., articleTitle=Similarity bmodel test of highway tunnel excavation beneath mined-out area, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650588176591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=3, pageStart=889, pageEnd=901, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=22, authorNames=靖洪文, 尹乾, 朱栋, journalName=煤炭学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=靖洪文, 尹乾, 朱栋, 等. 深部巷道围岩锚固结构失稳破坏全过程试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(3): 889-901., articleTitle=深部巷道围岩锚固结构失稳破坏全过程试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650688839888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=3, pageStart=889, pageEnd=901, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Jing Hongwen, Yin Qian, Zhu Dong, journalName=Journal of China Coal Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jing Hongwen, Yin Qian, Zhu Dong, et al. Experimental study on the whole process of instability and failure of anchorage structure in surrounding rock of deep-buried roadway[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(3): 889-901., articleTitle=Experimental study on the whole process of instability and failure of anchorage structure in surrounding rock of deep-buried roadway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650789503185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=8, pageStart=7770, pageEnd=7776, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=24, authorNames=张力, 董兴舒, 孙建光, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张力, 董兴舒, 孙建光, 等. 隧道横断面精细分区下系统锚杆布设最优组合[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(8): 7770-7776., articleTitle=隧道横断面精细分区下系统锚杆布设最优组合, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650869194962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=18, pageStart=7770, pageEnd=7776, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Zhang Li, Dong Xingshu, Sun Jianguang, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Li, Dong Xingshu, Sun Jianguang, et al. The optimal combination of system anhor bolt layout in the fine division of tunnel cross section[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(18): 7770-7776., articleTitle=The optimal combination of system anhor bolt layout in the fine division of tunnel cross section, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650927915219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=140, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Sun Z Y, Zhang D L, Fang Q, journalName=Computers and Geotechnics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun Z Y, Zhang D L, Fang Q, et al. Displacement process analysis of deep tunnels with grouted rockbolts considering bolt installation time and bolt length[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2021, 140. DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104437., articleTitle=Displacement process analysis of deep tunnels with grouted rockbolts considering bolt installation time and bolt length, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507650995024084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=11, pageStart=4033, pageEnd=4041, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=27, authorNames=黄明华, 赵明华, 陈昌富, journalName=岩土力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄明华, 赵明华, 陈昌富. 锚固长度对锚杆受力影响分析及其临界值计算[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(11): 4033-4041, 4062., articleTitle=锚固长度对锚杆受力影响分析及其临界值计算, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651053744341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=11, pageStart=4033, pageEnd=4041, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Huang Minghua, Zhao Minghua, Chen Changfu, journalName=Rock and Soil Mechanics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang Minghua, Zhao Minghua, Chen Changfu. Influence of anchorage length on stress in bolt and its critical value calculation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(11): 4033-4041, 4062., articleTitle=Influence of anchorage length on stress in bolt and its critical value calculation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651120853206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=34, issue=6, pageStart=1075, pageEnd=1080, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=29, authorNames=肖同强, 李化敏, 李海洋, journalName=采矿与安全工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=肖同强, 李化敏, 李海洋, 等不同锚固长度下锚杆拉拔特性研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2017, 34(6): 1075-1080., articleTitle=等不同锚固长度下锚杆拉拔特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651200544983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=34, issue=6, pageStart=1075, pageEnd=1080, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Xiao Tongqiang, Li Huamin, Li Haiyang, journalName=Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiao Tongqiang, Li Huamin, Li Haiyang, et al. Pull-out properties of bolt with different anchorage length[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2017, 34(6): 1075-1080., articleTitle=Pull-out properties of bolt with different anchorage length, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651271848152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=105, pageEnd=114, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=31, authorNames=刘宇鹏, 夏才初, 吴福宝, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘宇鹏, 夏才初, 吴福宝, 等. 高地应力软岩隧道长, 短锚杆联合支护技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(1): 105-114., articleTitle=高地应力软岩隧道长, 短锚杆联合支护技术研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651334762713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=105, pageEnd=114, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Liu Yupeng, Xia Caichu, Wu Fubao, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Yupeng, Xia Caichu, Wu Fubao, et al. A combined support technology of long and short bolts of soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 39(1): 105-114., articleTitle=A combined support technology of long and short bolts of soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651393482970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=217, pageEnd=227, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=33, authorNames=李英明, 赵呈星, 刘增辉, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李英明, 赵呈星, 刘增辉, 等. 围岩承载层分层演化规律及“层-双拱”承载结构强度分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(2): 217-227., articleTitle=围岩承载层分层演化规律及“层-双拱”承载结构强度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651477369051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=217, pageEnd=227, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Li Yingming, Zhao Chengxing, Liu Zenghui, journalName=Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Yingming, Zhao Chengxing, Liu Zenghui, et al. Research on layered evolution law of surrounding rock bearing layers and strength analysis of “layer-double arch” bearing structure[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 39(2): 217-227., articleTitle=Research on layered evolution law of surrounding rock bearing layers and strength analysis of “layer-double arch” bearing structure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651561255132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=35, authorNames=张益东, journalName=锚固复合承载体承载特性研究及在巷道锚杆支护设计中的应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张益东. 锚固复合承载体承载特性研究及在巷道锚杆支护设计中的应用[D]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651619975389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Zhang Yidong, journalName=Study on bearing characteristic of composite bolt-rock bearing structure and its application in roadway bolting design, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Yidong. Study on bearing characteristic of composite bolt-rock bearing structure and its application in roadway bolting design[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining &Technology, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233507651678695646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=30, issue=null, pageStart=169, pageEnd=182, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Alejano L R, Rodríguez-Dono A, Veiga M, journalName=Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Alejano L R, Rodríguez-Dono A, Veiga M. Plastic radii and longitudinal deformation profiles of tunnels excavated in strain-softening rock masses[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2012, 30: 169-182., articleTitle=Plastic radii and longitudinal deformation profiles of tunnels excavated in strain-softening rock masses, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1233507647266287796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, awardId=42402273, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42402273), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1233507647345979573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, awardId=52374073, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52374073), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1233507647413088438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, awardId=KJ2020A0455, language=CN, fundingSource=安徽省高校自然重点基金(KJ2020A0455), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1233507647471808695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, awardId=2019QDZ13, language=CN, fundingSource=安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ13), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1233507647538917560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, awardId=2019QDZ52, language=CN, fundingSource=安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ52), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233507640635093083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640639287388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640647675997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640635093083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601)]), AuthorCompany(id=1233507640714784862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640723173471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233507640781893728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, companyId=1233507640714784862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1233507643227173008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The size of tunnel section, figureFileSmall=1O5GOtTPfUocRQKaABFhpg==, figureFileBig=8CCEM6xNMewmxlCVX3u74A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507643298476177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图1, caption=隧道断面尺寸, figureFileSmall=1O5GOtTPfUocRQKaABFhpg==, figureFileBig=8CCEM6xNMewmxlCVX3u74A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507643399139474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The steps for the production of the model box, figureFileSmall=k8qzsSji6V/31vGgH6vZPQ==, figureFileBig=0y/Hasgbr/uAqo/5vwzFaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507644737122451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图2, caption=试验模型制作的步骤, figureFileSmall=k8qzsSji6V/31vGgH6vZPQ==, figureFileBig=0y/Hasgbr/uAqo/5vwzFaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507644825202836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The monitoring layout, figureFileSmall=TJnd/iBHByZvZyG2qT3qFg==, figureFileBig=GT5Wxnq06qE8G73eYV6AoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507644925866133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图3, caption=监测布置图, figureFileSmall=TJnd/iBHByZvZyG2qT3qFg==, figureFileBig=GT5Wxnq06qE8G73eYV6AoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645051695254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The failure process of rock without bolt after tunnel excavation under loading, figureFileSmall=savsyxRnQsS5mIGELt7X4Q==, figureFileBig=bo2kX2m1ALW+D3+Yp3VheQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645139775639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图4, caption=开挖隧洞后的无锚围岩受载后破坏过程, figureFileSmall=savsyxRnQsS5mIGELt7X4Q==, figureFileBig=bo2kX2m1ALW+D3+Yp3VheQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645211078808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The failure of rock mass with long bolt anchorage, figureFileSmall=4RFq4zzTq19xhJQk4nAkoQ==, figureFileBig=ghI7EutHiCPQHxpndy3TWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645290770585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图5, caption=长锚杆锚固后的围岩受载后破坏, figureFileSmall=4RFq4zzTq19xhJQk4nAkoQ==, figureFileBig=ghI7EutHiCPQHxpndy3TWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645366268058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=The failure of bolt anchorage, figureFileSmall=8p/O7aAI5SDGMgDQKwZKKw==, figureFileBig=CBYOLASxrdQjPl2Yq+r48A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645441765531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图6, caption=锚杆受载后破坏图, figureFileSmall=8p/O7aAI5SDGMgDQKwZKKw==, figureFileBig=CBYOLASxrdQjPl2Yq+r48A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645525651612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=The settlement deformation of tunnel surrounding rock, figureFileSmall=phpSyB53bhPXfoLWWkmUpw==, figureFileBig=r8JkIezqqPq4Y/7MwX1K2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645601149085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图7, caption=隧道围岩沉降变形, figureFileSmall=phpSyB53bhPXfoLWWkmUpw==, figureFileBig=r8JkIezqqPq4Y/7MwX1K2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645664063646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Radial stress of rock under three conditions, figureFileSmall=lPDH8nHXF2Wdu2WpDABd2A==, figureFileBig=8bpZVINVUYK4hob/CMh6cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645726978207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图8, caption=3种工况下围岩径向应力变化图, figureFileSmall=lPDH8nHXF2Wdu2WpDABd2A==, figureFileBig=8bpZVINVUYK4hob/CMh6cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645785698464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Tangential stress of rock under three conditions, figureFileSmall=JHGDlHXebkEOvfiwSFw5yw==, figureFileBig=oe0+BFURBXke/gZGoJcdBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645848613025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图9, caption=三种工况下围岩切向应力变化图, figureFileSmall=JHGDlHXebkEOvfiwSFw5yw==, figureFileBig=oe0+BFURBXke/gZGoJcdBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645907333282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Anchor bolt anchor bearing ring, figureFileSmall=tHxf15ZTdfYh0L+KhyvoQw==, figureFileBig=ZOW1RsCOcoP6vF6Nh8Im+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507645974442147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图10, caption=锚杆锚固承载环, figureFileSmall=tHxf15ZTdfYh0L+KhyvoQw==, figureFileBig=ZOW1RsCOcoP6vF6Nh8Im+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646049939620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=anchorage range sketch of short bolt, figureFileSmall=MF736rCXj375GtMi0Z2zag==, figureFileBig=omGiWvw64PiwZUsWFVMBpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646121242789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图11, caption=锚杆的锚固范围示意图, figureFileSmall=MF736rCXj375GtMi0Z2zag==, figureFileBig=omGiWvw64PiwZUsWFVMBpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646192545958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=support system of long and short rockbolts, figureFileSmall=AM4OmQ7r5YAa/oL3Ave4MQ==, figureFileBig=dVFhllvGrq3OSiJwir3KMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646268043431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图12, caption=长短锚杆支护体系, figureFileSmall=AM4OmQ7r5YAa/oL3Ave4MQ==, figureFileBig=dVFhllvGrq3OSiJwir3KMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646330957992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=equivalent radius and equivalent support force under different bolt lengths, figureFileSmall=1BqB3brV7avCq8I9fZUMHA==, figureFileBig=vYplTB+7+NMV3EnRoXK6Tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646398066857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图13, caption=不同锚杆长度下的隧道等效半径和等效支护力, figureFileSmall=1BqB3brV7avCq8I9fZUMHA==, figureFileBig=vYplTB+7+NMV3EnRoXK6Tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646477758634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=effect of bolt lengths on equivalent plastic radius, figureFileSmall=3Q3auzBXkQsRQ6Utz4pbag==, figureFileBig=AtQ6wSp6EbvWoN1bEE9JWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646549061803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=图14, caption=不同锚杆长度对锚固围岩等效塑性半径的影响, figureFileSmall=3Q3auzBXkQsRQ6Utz4pbag==, figureFileBig=AtQ6wSp6EbvWoN1bEE9JWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233507646616170668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The mechanics parameters of rock masses

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Ⅳ级 γ/
(kN·m-3)
E/
GPa
ν c/
MPa
$\varphi $/(°)
原型 20~25 1.3~6.0 0.3~0.35 0.2~0.7 27~39
模型 20~25 0.026~0.12 0.3~0.35 0.004~0.014 27~39
), ArticleFig(id=1233507646691668141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

围岩的力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Ⅳ级 γ/
(kN·m-3)
E/
GPa
ν c/
MPa
$\varphi $/(°)
原型 20~25 1.3~6.0 0.3~0.35 0.2~0.7 27~39
模型 20~25 0.026~0.12 0.3~0.35 0.004~0.014 27~39
), ArticleFig(id=1233507646767165614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The comparison analysis of failure load and crown settlement under three conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 边墙破
坏/kN
拱腰破
坏/kN
拱顶破
坏/kN
拱顶最终
沉降量/mm
无锚 1.0 2.0 3.2 39
短锚 2.4 3.8 4.9 41
长锚 3.0 4.5 5.5 50
), ArticleFig(id=1233507646834274479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

3种工况下破坏荷载和拱顶沉降对比分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 边墙破
坏/kN
拱腰破
坏/kN
拱顶破
坏/kN
拱顶最终
沉降量/mm
无锚 1.0 2.0 3.2 39
短锚 2.4 3.8 4.9 41
长锚 3.0 4.5 5.5 50
), ArticleFig(id=1233507646905577648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The calculated parameters of rock mass and bolts[19]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
围岩
参数
E/
MPa
σc/
MPa
cp/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{p}}$/
(°)
cr/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{r}}$/(°)
5 000 50 0.276 35 0.276 35
锚杆
参数
Lb/
m
s11/
mm
sr1/
mm
rb/
mm
Eb/
MPa
2.4 800 800 22 200 000
锚固体
参数
E*/
MPa
c*/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}$/(°)
5 463 0.301 33.9
), ArticleFig(id=1233507646985269425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

围岩与锚杆计算参数[19]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
围岩
参数
E/
MPa
σc/
MPa
cp/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{p}}$/
(°)
cr/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{r}}$/(°)
5 000 50 0.276 35 0.276 35
锚杆
参数
Lb/
m
s11/
mm
sr1/
mm
rb/
mm
Eb/
MPa
2.4 800 800 22 200 000
锚固体
参数
E*/
MPa
c*/
MPa
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}$/(°)
5 463 0.301 33.9
), ArticleFig(id=1233507647056572594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The calculated parameters under different bolt lengths

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆长度Lb/m 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0
锚固厚度b/m 0.865 1.939 3.014 4.088 5.162
等效半径(R0+b)/m 2.865 3.939 5.014 6.088 7.162
等效支护力pib/MPa(pi=0) 0.342 0.558 0.681 0.761 0.816
), ArticleFig(id=1233507647123681459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156264261216227961, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同锚杆长度下的计算参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆长度Lb/m 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0
锚固厚度b/m 0.865 1.939 3.014 4.088 5.162
等效半径(R0+b)/m 2.865 3.939 5.014 6.088 7.162
等效支护力pib/MPa(pi=0) 0.342 0.558 0.681 0.761 0.816
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146119176004939786, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学技术与工程, nameEn=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-1815, eissn=, cn=11-4688/T, coden=null, periodic=4, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Eng, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1754445529766, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, picEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1159791870395564357, language=CN, name=科学技术与工程, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529793, updatedTime=1754445529793, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/site/menus/20090429150146001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1159791870441701702, language=EN, name=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529804, updatedTime=1754445529804, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146123166801305609, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202391400884, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112777, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753520965431, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学技术与工程, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148622798802673703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751782615614, updateTime=1751782615614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798781702180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751782615609, updateTime=1751782615609, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798769119267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1751782615606, updateTime=1751782615606, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798794285094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751782615612, updateTime=1751782615612, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798790090789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751782615611, updateTime=1751782615611, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155914124811976731, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753521003206, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753521003206, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science Technology and Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155914371227308235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753521061952, updateTime=1753521061952, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371210531016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753521061947, updateTime=1753521061947, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371202142407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1753521061945, updateTime=1753521061945, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371223113930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753521061950, updateTime=1753521061950, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371218919625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753521061949, updateTime=1753521061949, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学技术与工程, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science Technology and Engineering, journalPhotoCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPhotoEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
深埋隧道长短锚杆锚固围岩破坏模型试验
收藏切换
PDF下载
王凤云 1, 2 , 潘锐 2 , 蔡毅 1, 2 , 聂利青 1, 2 , 蔡永祥 1, 2 , 唐民军 1, 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025,25(6): 2480-2489
收起
收藏切换
科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025, 25(6): 2480-2489
深埋隧道长短锚杆锚固围岩破坏模型试验
全屏
王凤云1, 2 , 潘锐2, 蔡毅1, 2, 聂利青1, 2, 蔡永祥1, 2, 唐民军1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
  • 2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601
  • 王凤云(1989—),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。E-mail:

通讯作者:

王凤云(1989-),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。
Experimental of Failure Process of Long and Short Rockbolts for a Week Deep Tunnel
Feng-yun WANG1, 2 , Rui PAN2, Yi CAI1, 2, Li-qing NIE1, 2, Yong-xiang CAI1, 2, Min-jun TANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
  • 2 School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442
文章导航
收藏切换

为研究长短锚杆对深埋隧道软弱围岩锚固效果的影响,通过室内相似模型试验,开展隧道开挖后围岩的加载破坏试验,对比分析3种工况下(无锚、短锚和长锚)围岩破坏、变形和应力变化规律。结果表明:加载开挖隧道后的围岩,其破坏顺序表现为边墙和拱腰依次剪切破坏,最后拱顶塌陷;锚固后的围岩拱顶由于锚杆的锚固作用形成了“加强梁”的作用,使拱顶承受的最大沉降及其破坏荷载显著增加;锚杆的长度需要穿过拱顶塑性松动区,若锚杆长度不足以锚固整个塑性松动区,被锚固的围岩与上部未被锚固的围岩之间存在“分层”现象。根据锚固围岩强度均一化理论得到,短锚杆主要是增加浅层洞壁处围岩的有效支护力,从而提高了洞壁处围岩强度,长锚杆主要是调节深部围岩弹性区应力状态,长短锚杆组合使用可有效调节围岩应力状态。

隧道围岩  /  模型试验  /  锚杆长度  /  变形破坏  /  塑性区半径

To study the effect of anchor length on anchorage effect of weak rock masses in a deep tunnel, the indoor similar model tests were carried out on failure test of rock masses during the excavation opening. The variation characteristic on the failure, displacements and stress of the rock mass after excavation were analyzed comparatively under three conditions (without anchors, with short anchors and long anchors).In the loading test, the failure process of rock mass around the opening shows that the failure process of surrounding rock occurs first at the side wall, then the arch waist and the arch collapse. The surrounding rock in the arch roof after reinforcing rock bolts forms the effect of strengthening beam because of the reinforcement of rock bolts, which leads to the significant increase in the maximum settlement and failure load of the arch roof. The length of rock bolts need to pass through the plastic loosening zone of the arch roof. If the length of anchor rod is not enough to anchor the whole plastic loosening zone, there will be stratification between the anchored surrounding rock and the unanchored surrounding rock. Based on the theory of homogenization strength of rock mass, the short bolt mainly increases the effective support force of surrounding rock at shallow tunnel wall, thus improving the strength of surrounding rock, and the long bolt (cable) can regulate the stress in the elastic zone of deep surrounding rock. Therefore, the combination of the long bolt (cable) effectively regulates the stress state of surrounding rock.

tunneling rock  /  model test  /  anchor length  /  displacement failure  /  plastic zone
王凤云, 潘锐, 蔡毅, 聂利青, 蔡永祥, 唐民军. 深埋隧道长短锚杆锚固围岩破坏模型试验. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (6) : 2480 -2489 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442
Feng-yun WANG, Rui PAN, Yi CAI, Li-qing NIE, Yong-xiang CAI, Min-jun TANG. Experimental of Failure Process of Long and Short Rockbolts for a Week Deep Tunnel[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (6) : 2480 -2489 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442
随着中国交通基础设施蓬勃发展,隧道工程作为高速交通项目中的重要组成部分,特别是云南贵州等多山地区,隧道线路占高铁总线长约70%以上,且上部覆土层较厚,多为深埋隧道。中国西部高原地区交通线延伸及矿产资源深部开采,地下工程的深度不断增加,深埋软岩具有非线性挤压变形大、变形速度快、变形持续时间长等特征,造成其支护难度大,深埋隧道软岩稳定性控制问题是中国深部地下工程面临的重要难题之一。
锚杆支护体系具有灵活有效、成本低等优势,在隧道、巷道等深部地下工程中得到了广泛的应用,锚杆通过增加围岩锚固区径向应力有效限制洞壁的收敛变形[1-2],是加固围岩发挥围岩自承能力的重要措施[3],但常出现锚固长度不足无法到达稳定地层而锚固失效,进而造成开挖隧道后围岩的塑性松动区灾变扩张,造成围岩变形失稳。因此,锚杆锚固效应一直是地下工程中支护研究的热点问题[4]
目前,针对锚杆的锚固作用,学者们普遍采用室内模型试验,现场测试和理论分析等手段开展研究[5-7]。刘学生等[8]以煤矿井分离系统硐室群为背景,采用相似材料试验方法,揭示了大断面硐室群围岩变形破裂演化规律。徐前卫等[9]采用相似模型试验模拟了超大断面隧道双侧壁导坑分步开挖过程中渐进性破坏特征,指出在隧道设计与施工中应尽可能利用围岩的自承能力。随后,通过室内试验和数值模拟分析,研究有、无锚杆工况下围岩承载状况,得到锚杆对围岩应力状态由较大的改善作用[10]。方勇等[11]采用室内相似试验分析隧道开挖过程中采空区围岩内力特征。靖洪文等[12]利用多源地球物理信息监测手段,探索了深部巷道围岩锚固结构在无锚杆、锚杆支护和锚索支护三种工况下从承载至失稳破坏全过程中内部应力和变形规律。张力等[13]分析了锚杆参数对围岩分区的影响,得到了系统锚杆长度、直径、环向间距、纵向间距是锚索围岩变形的主要影响因素。Sun等[14]考虑开挖纵向位移曲线下围岩锚杆随着塑性区扩展的力学分析,得到围岩与锚杆之间相互作用关系,能较好地反映应力释放过程中锚杆的受力特点,但计算较复杂。
尽管诸多学者对锚杆的锚固作用进行了大量的理论和试验研究,但是不同锚杆长度对开挖隧道围岩的不同锚固效果模型试验探究不足[15-16],鲜有通过模型试验研究长短锚杆对开挖硐室后的围岩承载能力的影响。现通过隧道室内相似模型试验,对模型隧道开挖后围岩加载破坏,比较3种工况(无锚、短锚和长锚)下的破坏形式和应力变化规律,探究锚杆长度对深埋隧道软弱围岩加固效果的影响,基于锚杆锚固强度均一化理论,研究不同长度锚杆(索)对不同区域围岩的锚固机理,分析长短锚杆组合作用对控制围岩变形的重要作用,为隧道工程中锚杆支护参数的选择提供一定的参考依据。
本隧道模型断面选用新疆地区一隧道的主要区段断面,该隧道总长2 635 m,最大埋深700 m,属于深埋长隧道,约1 665 m为Ⅳ级围岩组成,围岩的力学指标:平均饱和抗压强度σC=55 MPa,完整性系数Kv=0.5,其设计截面和锚杆布置图如图1所示。隧道截面采用三心圆内轮廓线,内轮廓半径为5.25 m,净高为6.95 m,净宽为10.26 m,外轮廓半径为5.9 m。
根据试验的目的和实验室的现场状况,设定几何尺寸为1∶50,根据相似理论量纲分析法,得到的相似关系为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{C}_{\mathrm{\sigma }}={C}_{\mathrm{l}}{C}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}\\ {C}_{\mathrm{\sigma }}={C}_{\mathrm{E}}{C}_{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\\ {C}_{\mathrm{\mu }}=1\\ {C}_{\mathrm{\delta }}={C}_{\mathrm{l}}{C}_{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\\ {C}_{\stackrel{-}{\mathrm{\sigma }}}={C}_{\mathrm{\sigma }}\end{array}\right.$
式(1)中:Cσ为应力相似关系;Cl为几何相似关系;Cγ为容重相似关系;CE为弹性模量相似关系;Cε为应变相似关系;Cμ为泊松比相似关系;${C}_{\mathrm{\delta }}$为变形相似关系;${C}_{\stackrel{-}{\mathrm{\sigma }}}$为面力相似比。
基础相似关系为Cl=50,Cγ=1,可以得到其他相似比:泊松比、应变、内摩擦角相似关系:${C}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}={C}_{\mathrm{\epsilon }}={C}_{\mathrm{\varphi }}=1,$强度、应力、黏聚力、弹性模量相似比:Cσ=Cc=CE=50,那么,Ⅳ级围岩相似材料的力学参数满足表1
本文研究采用以上几种材料,根据当地购买的800目重金石粉、细砂、石膏、水和洗涤精,通过试验不断调整以上材料的配合比得到,重金石粉∶细砂∶石膏∶水∶洗涤精=25∶15∶5∶4∶1,获得的相似材料力学参数为:γ=21.5 kN/m3,E=0.085GPa,ν=0.32,c=0.01 MPa,$\varphi =32$°,满足试验条件的围岩相似材料。
试验中锚杆与相似材料之间满足等效线刚度满足相似关系,即
${C}_{\mathrm{E}\mathrm{S}}=\frac{{\left(EA\right)}_{\mathrm{p}}}{{\left(EA\right)}_{\mathrm{m}}}={C}_{\mathrm{E}}{C}_{\mathrm{l}}^{2}$
式(2)中:CES为锚杆的相似关系;(EA)p(EA)m分别为锚杆和相似材料的截面线性刚度;E为锚杆的弹性模量;A为锚杆的横截面;下标p和m代表原型和模型。
本次试验中锚杆采用有橡皮圈的铜线,由于橡皮圈变形较大,铜线受力后外裹的橡皮圈层能够同时变形,且橡皮圈经过刻痕,并在环氧树脂作用下与其接触的围岩能够紧密黏结,进而模拟锚杆与围岩之间相互作用,试验中为对比锚杆长度,锚杆长度取60 mm和120 mm分别代表短锚杆和长锚杆。
模型试验中的隧道断面尺寸根据尺寸相似关系得到,拱顶半径为118 mm,边墙为53.6 mm,开挖轮廓线宽度为236 mm,高度为193 mm。由于该隧道采用3 m的全长黏结锚杆,在模型试验中锚杆取60 mm,对应的长锚杆取120 mm。
从隧道模型试验中为了减少边界对开挖洞壁的应力的影响,分别向两侧和上部延伸2倍,下部围岩对洞室应力影响较小,延伸1倍。模型箱的尺寸为1 200 mm×1 000 mm×500 mm。
图2为整个试验模型制作的基本步骤,将模型的相似材料的原材料按照配合比试验确定的配合比,分批搅拌均匀,分层填入模型箱内,每层虚铺厚度相同后压实,埋设土压力盒,同时在相应的位置安设涂有环氧树脂的锚杆。同时,按照设计的位置埋设土压力盒,在埋设时注意土压力盒位置的固定,待铺设至最上一层围岩材料后,架设横梁和千斤顶,使得千斤顶与反力梁之间无间隙,最后安设位移计并归零,打开数据采集仪和压力读数仪。
为了研究锚杆对围岩加固作用以及锚杆长度对围岩锚固效果的影响,对本次试验中开控后的隧道模型加载,通过不同锚杆长度隧道模型所承受坚向荷载值判断锚杆对围岩锚固效果。鉴于试验条件所限,加载试验中未考虑侧向压力作用,采用千斤顶在竖向以0.1~0.2 kN增加荷载,当洞壁周围岩体发生较大变形时,记录此时的荷载值,并观察洞壁岩体的变形情况,直至拱顶坍塌为止。
试验中监测项目包括围岩顶部位移,岩体内部应力,各层土的沉降变化和洞壁处过载后岩体破坏现象,位移计和土压力传感器布置如图3所示。围岩顶部位移变化采用顶部位移计监测沉降,在开挖隧洞周边和上部不同埋深处布置土压力盒测得内部应力变化,采用静态应变采集仪采集数据,各层土的沉降采用内部红色沉降线与外部蓝色基准线的错位距离确定,洞壁处岩体的破坏过程采用相机摄像和照相采集。
图4为开挖隧洞后的无锚围岩受载后破坏过程,开挖隧道后洞壁表面光滑平整,边墙部分有轻微起皮现象,加载至1.0 kN时,边墙和拱腰部分发生剪切破坏,加载至1.6 kN,侧边围岩发生严重破坏,裂缝起皮的围岩发生大面积的脱落现象。加载至2.0 kN,拱顶有部分脱落,边墙和拱腰部分的破坏范围逐渐增加。加载至2.6 kN,边墙和拱腰部分的围岩全面坍塌,拱顶部大面积脱落,隧道截面不断挤压缩小,拱顶下沉达到20 mm。荷载继续增加,拱顶处围岩不断脱落,最终荷载达到3 kN时拱顶部围岩全面坍塌,拱顶下沉位移为39 mm,最终隧洞的全面坍塌。
图5为长锚杆锚固下围岩加载后的破坏图,开挖后加载至3.0 kN时边墙发生剪切破坏而脱落,拱顶处发生10 mm的下沉,加载至3.8 kN时,边墙脱落范围扩展至拱腰,拱顶下沉位移达到了25 mm。随着荷载的增加,拱顶下沉不断增加,隧洞截面不断扁平,加载至4.5 kN,拱顶围岩开始脱落,拱顶下沉达到40 mm,隧洞截面逐渐减小。随后,拱腰处围岩全面坍塌,拱顶围岩脱落范围逐渐增加,被锚固的锚杆逐渐裸露出来,隧洞周边围岩发生较大的变形,当加载至5.5 kN时围岩发生全面坍塌。由于短锚杆锚固下的围岩的变形现象与长锚杆基本相同,在此不再赘述。
由于锚杆在插入围岩前涂抹了环氧树脂胶,来模拟全长注浆锚杆中注浆,图6中显示锚杆发生了较大的变形,承担了部分荷载。
表2为3种工况下围岩破坏荷载和拱顶沉降,可以看到,锚杆锚固后隧洞周边的围岩强度显著提高,承载力增加,锚固后的围岩变形性能显著提高,与无锚杆工况下的围岩承载力相比,短锚杆和长锚杆锚固下工况分别提高了53.1%和71.8%。
图7为开挖隧道的围岩加载后沉降变形图,图中显示地表沉降呈现隧道中心线沉降最大,随着距离中心线两边距离越大沉降逐渐减小,其中无锚工况下,洞壁处拱顶坍塌后地表最大沉降为6.12 mm,施加短锚杆和长锚杆两种工况下地表最大沉降分别达到了12.18 mm和15.63 mm,由此说明施加锚杆的围岩在破坏过程中可以承受更大的变形而隧洞不坍塌。
图8为3种工况(无锚、短锚和长锚)下边墙处,拱腰处和拱顶不同深度处径向应力σr变化图。
(1)在无锚工况下,边墙处的1号土压力盒测得的径向应力σr随着荷载的增加,缓慢增加后,迅速降低,且低于原平衡状态。这是由于隧洞周边围岩的破坏是从边墙开始的,首先边墙部分岩体发生起皮,径向应力迅速减小至原平衡应力(0 kPa),随着荷载的增加,边墙处岩体发生剪切破坏而脱落,径向应力值继续降低至最低。因此,边墙处的径向应力变化均是先缓慢增加,后降低至0 kPa以下。同样的,H=-300 mm和H=-250 mm处的径向应力值也是由于拱腰处和拱顶处岩体破坏而脱落,使其应力值呈现先增加后逐渐降低。但是,H=-150 mm和H=-50 mm处的径向应力值的变化时随着上部荷载的增加而增加。
(2)短锚工况下围岩径向应力发生较大的变化,体现在拱顶处径向应力迅速上升,距地表较近的H=-150 mm和H=-50 mm处的径向应力值增加较少。
以上现象与无锚工况下围岩的径向应力变化有较大的差异,出现该现象的原因是如下。
首先,短锚杆的长度为6 cm,锚杆的末端处于6号土压力盒附近,上部荷载增加后,由于短锚杆的存在使得拱顶被锚固的围岩可以承受更大的荷载而不发生塌陷,其附近的H=-250 mm处的径向应力随着上部荷载的增加。其次,由于下部围岩段锚杆的锚固作用而加强,但是锚杆长度不足未能锚固至围岩的弹性区,仅仅锚固了塑性松动圈(塑性残余区),发生了与上部岩层发生分层现象,导致距离短锚杆末端较远的8号和10号的径向应力值增加并没有呈现随着上部荷载而显著增加。由此可见,锚杆可以加固其周围的围岩,提高其承载能力,锚杆的长度直接影响其锚固范围内的径向应力。
(3)长锚工况下围岩径向应力变化主要体现在H=-150 mm处的径向应力迅速上升,H=-250 mm处的径向应力缓慢上升后逐渐下降,可以看到上部增加的荷载主要H=-150 mm处围岩承担了较多的径向应力增加,H=-250 mm处围岩承担的径向应力增加较小。
出现这种径向应力变化的原因是:长锚杆的长度为12 cm,锚杆的末端处于8号土压力盒附近,导致其周围围岩的径向应力迅速增加。但是,锚杆中间部分围岩(H=-250 mm处)的径向应力,由于锚杆承担了部分径向应力,致使被锚固的围岩承担的径向应力降低。同时,从锚杆受力后发生较大变形(图8)也可以看到,注浆锚杆可以与围岩有效结合形成整体,而锚杆的弹性模量比围岩的弹性模量大很多,从而承担了大部分的径向应力,导致被锚固的围岩承担的径向应力减小。
综上所述,通过对比3种工况(无锚、短锚和长锚)下围岩内部的径向应力变化曲线发现,首先,锚杆通过注浆与其周围围岩形成整体,共同承担荷载。其次,锚杆的长度需要跨越塑性松动圈,否则,被锚固的围岩易发生与未被锚固的松动围岩发生分层现象。最后,锚杆可以显著改变围岩内部径向应力,表现在锚杆末端处径向应力增加,被锚固区内围岩的径向应力因部分被锚杆承担而减小,从而增加了被锚固围岩的承载能力。
图9为3种工况(无锚、短锚和长锚)下边墙处,拱腰处和拱顶不同深度处切向应力σθ变化图。
(1)总体上来看,3种工况下围岩的切向应力σθ变化规律基本一致。主要表现为以下几个方面的特点:边墙处和拱腰处的切向应力σθ(2号和4号土压力盒测得)随着地表荷载的增加而增加,达到屈服荷载后边墙处和拱腰处发生剪切破坏,随后σθ逐渐降低至平衡状态时的压力值(0 kPa),最后边墙处和拱腰处围岩发生脱落,σθ达到绝对零点(最低点)。
(2)对于拱顶不同深度的围岩切向应力σθ变化规律为:在加载过程中,距离开挖空洞最近的H=-250 mm处切向应力σθ先增加,后减小。这是由于随着地表荷载不断增加使得塑性区不断扩大,当塑性区扩展到5号土压力盒之处,该处围岩强度不断降低后破坏而脱落,土压力盒失效。H=-150 mm和H=-50 mm处切向应力σθ随着地表荷载增加而增加,这说明锚杆对围岩的切向应力σθ影响较小。
锚杆作为隧道工程中重要的初期支护,与围岩形成统一的承载体系。图10为模型试验中不同长度锚杆对围岩锚固效果图,锚杆可以有效控制围岩变形,增加围岩的承载能力,形成稳定的承载环。工程实践中为有效控制软弱围岩变形采用长短锚杆组合支护体系[17],主要是利用短锚杆对浅层离层围岩力学参数的增强作用,以及长锚杆的深层锚固作用,分散浅层围岩应力。
若锚杆长度不足以穿过围岩变形松动层,如图10(b)所示,被锚杆锚固的浅层围岩与未被锚杆的上层围岩形成分离层,这与模型试验中发现短锚杆拱顶部径向应力发生“陡降”的现象一致,这样未被锚固的松散围岩对锚固承载环形成附加应力,此时宜施作穿过塑性松散层长锚杆,如图10(c)所示,将未被锚固的松散围岩与短锚杆形成的承载环共同“悬吊”至深层围岩中。对于软弱大变形隧道围岩,常采用系统短锚杆和局部长锚杆(索),形成“双层承拱环”模型[18]。工程实践表明,长锚杆(索)在发挥锚固作用过程中发生较大的变形,而且施作的过程中需要对深层围岩进行长距离扰动钻孔,大范围使用不利于围岩稳定性。因此,长锚杆(索)在隧道工程中主要是联合短锚杆使用,数量少,间隔稀疏,如图10(d)所示。
以上分析表明,锚杆加固隧洞周围围岩形成坚固的承载环体系,承载环的区域为锚杆长度范围内的岩体,锚杆锚固围岩的范围是基于环向和径向间距范围内的围岩。图11为长短锚杆的锚固隧道围岩范围的示意图,隧洞壁受到支护力pi,短锚杆的长度为Lb,将注浆后的短锚杆与围岩形成厚度为b的锚固体承载圈,将长锚杆等效锚固体与围岩交界面处的等效支护力pib,构成了长短锚杆组合体系。
将长短锚杆对围岩的作用独立分析,构成短锚杆的承载圈和长锚杆的等效支护力,如图12所示。由于系统短锚杆密集且注浆后与围岩形成统一的整体,短锚杆对围岩的加固作用等效为承载拱圈,如图12(a)所示,而长锚杆的锚固作用等效为锚固体与围岩交界面处的等效支护力,如图12(b)所示。
基于强度均一化理论,短锚杆锚固范围内围岩力学强度增加,其锚固后形成的复合围岩体系的力学参数为
${\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}=\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\frac{(1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\varphi ){\alpha }_{1}+2\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\varphi }{(1+\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\varphi ){\alpha }_{1}+2}$
${c}^{\mathrm{*}}=\frac{c(1+{\alpha }_{1})(1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}})\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{s}\varphi }{(1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\varphi )\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{s}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}}$
${E}^{\mathrm{*}}=\frac{{E}_{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{\pi }{r}_{\mathrm{b}}^{2}+E({s}_{11}{s}_{\mathrm{r}1}-\mathrm{\pi }{r}_{\mathrm{b}}^{2})}{{s}_{11}{s}_{\mathrm{r}1}}$
式中:${c}^{\mathrm{*}}、{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}$和E*分别为加固后复合体的黏聚力、内摩擦角和弹性模型;短锚杆密度因子为${\alpha }_{1}、{\alpha }_{1}=2\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\frac{\varphi }{2}\left(\mathrm{\pi }{r}_{\mathrm{b}}\right)/\left({s}_{11}{s}_{\mathrm{r}1}\right);{r}_{\mathrm{b}}、{s}_{11}$和sr1分别为短锚杆的半径、纵向间距和环向间距;$c、\varphi $和E分别为围岩的黏聚力、内摩擦角和弹性模型。
基于锚杆组合拱的范围确定锚固厚度b[19]
$b={L}_{\mathrm{b}}-\frac{\mathrm{\pi }({R}_{0}+{L}_{b})}{2(n-1)}$
式(6)中:n为隧洞周均匀分布的锚杆数量,n=2πR0/sr1取整数。
锚固结构体与围岩交界面的位置处等效支护力可以表示为
pib=$\frac{b}{{R}_{0}+b}\left[{p}_{i}\frac{1+\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}}{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}}+\frac{2{c}^{\mathrm{*}}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{s}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}}{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{*}}}\right]$+$\frac{{R}_{0}}{{R}_{0}+b}$pi
系统锚杆锚固后的塑性半径表达式为
Rp=(R0+b)${\left[\frac{{\sigma }_{0}(1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{p})-{c}^{p}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{s}{\varphi }^{p}+{c}_{r}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}{\varphi }^{r}}{{p}_{ib}+{c}^{r}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}{\varphi }^{r}}\right]}^{\frac{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{r}}{2\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{r}}}$
式(8)中:cp和${\varphi }^{\mathrm{p}}$为围岩黏聚力峰值和内摩擦角峰值;cr和${\varphi }^{\mathrm{r}}$为围岩黏聚力峰值和内摩擦角残余值。
不考虑锚杆作用,考虑塑性区内围岩强度降低,为了计算方便采用弹脆性模型EB(elastic-brittle model),计算得到围岩塑性区半径[20]
Rp-EB=R0${\left[\frac{{p}_{i}^{cr}(1-{N}^{r})-2{c}^{p}\sqrt{{N}^{p}}}{{p}_{i}^{cr}(1-{N}^{r})({\sigma }_{0}-{p}_{i}^{cr})-2{c}^{p}\sqrt{{N}^{p}}}\right]}^{\frac{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{r}}{2\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{r}}}$
式(9)中:${p}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r}}$为无锚固围岩的弹塑性交界面处的应力。
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{p}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r}}=\frac{2{\sigma }_{0}-2{c}^{\mathrm{p}}\sqrt{{N}^{\mathrm{p}}}}{{N}^{\mathrm{p}}+1}\\ {N}^{\mathrm{p}}=\frac{1+\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{p}}}{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{p}}}\\ {N}^{\mathrm{r}}=\frac{1+\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{r}}}{1-\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}{\varphi }^{\mathrm{r}}}\end{array}\right.$
综上所述,洞壁浅层施作间距密的短锚杆,较好地形成浅层的一次支护的承载拱,长而疏的锚杆可以形成深部次压缩拱,显然锚杆长度对其锚固效果影响突出。
为研究不同锚杆长度对锚杆锚固效果的影响,计算不同锚杆长度下隧洞的塑性区半径,选取隧道半径R0=2m,受到地应力σ0=2 MPa,其他相关计算参数如表3所示。
基于围岩锚固强度等效均一化理论,式(8)得到锚固围岩的塑性区半径最大值为4.12 m,弹脆性模型式(9)计算得到无锚固作用下围岩的塑性区半径最大值为5.51 m,塑性区半径有效减小25%,由此得到,锚杆锚固能够有效减小围岩塑性区半径,防止围岩塑性区灾变扩张。
锚杆对围岩的锚固作用采用均一化方法时,锚杆的锚固等效为作用在隧道等效半径处的等效支护力pib,表4图13给出了不同锚杆长度下隧道等效半径(R0+b)和等效半径处的等效支护力pib
当围岩在锚杆锚固作用下的等效支护pib大于${p}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r}},$隧道等效半径(R0+b)大于无锚杆锚固工况下的最大塑性区半径${R}_{\mathrm{p}\_\mathrm{E}\mathrm{B}}=5.51$ m,说明围岩在该锚杆长度锚固下的围岩不会出现塑性区,围岩一直处于弹性区内围岩不发生塑性变形。
图13显示随着锚杆长度Lb增加,隧道等效半径(R0+b)呈线性增加,等效支护力pib增大效应率逐渐减小。这说明短锚杆对围岩的加固效率要高于长锚杆,能够有效增加围岩浅层低应力处的强度。
图14为不同锚杆长度对锚固围岩塑性区半径Rp的影响,图中给出了不同锚固工况不同支护力下围岩塑性区半径,其中虚线为无锚杆工况下围岩弹塑性交界面处的临界应力${p}_{i}^{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r}}$为0.627 MPa。结合表4图14可以看到,当Lb取4.8 m和6.0 m时,锚固围岩开挖后不会出现塑性区,均处于弹性状态;在支护力较低的洞壁处采用短锚杆加固围岩可以减小塑性区范围,迅速增加等效支护力的作用。
为了研究隧道开挖后锚杆对围岩锚固效应,通过室内相似模型试验分析了无锚、短锚和长锚3种工况下的围岩破坏特性,围岩变形和内部应力变化规律,并分析了长短锚杆锚固的机理,得到以下结论。
(1)加载三种锚固工况下的隧道围岩,其破坏顺序为边墙先发生挤压大变形,随后拱腰发生剪切破坏,最后拱顶发生全面坍塌。随锚杆长度增加,围岩破坏的荷载值不断增加。
(2)锚杆的长度穿过拱顶塑性松动区,锚杆对拱顶围岩的加固作用形成了“加强梁”的作用,当锚杆长度不足以锚固整个塑性松动区,被锚固的围岩与上部未被锚固的围岩之间存在“分层”现象。
(3)采用均一化理论分析长短锚杆锚固机理可知,短锚杆主要增加对浅层洞壁处围岩增加有效支护力,提高围岩强度,洞壁周围形成承载拱,长锚杆的作用是等效为锚固结构体与围岩交界面的位置处支护力,调节深部围岩弹性区应力状态。
(4)本文研究中尚未考虑锚杆与注浆截面之间的剪切作用,缺少精细化研究锚杆与围岩之间相互作用关系,有待进一步研究其锚杆对围岩锚固界面相互作用机理。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42402273)
  • 国家自然科学基金(52374073)
  • 安徽省高校自然重点基金(KJ2020A0455)
  • 安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ13)
  • 安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ52)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
刘泉声, 雷广峰, 彭星新. 深部裂隙岩体锚固机制研究进展与思考[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(2): 312-332.
Liu Quansheng, Lei Guangfeng, Peng Xingxin. Advance and review on the anchoring mechanism in deep fractured rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(2): 312-332.
[2]
余涛, 方勇, 姚志刚, 等. 隧道预应力锚杆锚固结构承载效应及围岩力学分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2022, 44(6): 1069-1077.
Yu Tao, Fang Yong, Yao Zhigang, et al. Bearing effect of prestressed bolt-anchored structures and mechanical analysis of surrounding rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 44(6): 1069-1077.
[3]
王惠贤, 吴庆良, 鲍安红, 等. 锚杆支护下两向不等压深埋隧洞受力与变形弹性分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24 (2): 757-765.
Wang Huixian, Wu Qingliang, Bao Anhong, et al. Elastic analysis of stress and deformation of deep buried tunnel supported by bolts under two-direction unequal pressure[J]. Secience Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24 (2): 757-765.
[4]
王斌, 王卫军, 赵伏军, 等. 基于巷道围岩自承特性的锚杆锚固效果研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2014, 35(7): 1965-1972.
Wang Bin, Wang Weijun, Zhao Fujun, et al. Study of bolt anchoring effect based on self-bearing characteristics of roadway surrounding rock[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2014, 35(7): 1965-1972.
[5]
程卫民, 孙路路, 王刚, 等. 急倾斜特厚煤层开采相似材料模拟试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2016, 33(3): 387-392.
Cheng Weimin, Sun Lulu, Wang Gang, et al. Similar material simulation test of steep-inclined extra-thick coal seam[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2016, 33(3): 387-392.
[6]
周辉, 渠成堃, 黄健利, 等. 基于模型试验的深部煤层合理停采线结构分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(10): 37-46.
Zhou Hui, Qu Chengkun, Huang Jianli, et al. Analysis of rational shape of stop line in deep coal seam based on model test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(10): 37-46.
[7]
潘锐, 程桦, 王雷, 等. 深部巷道锚注支护效果及组合式高强锚注控制技术研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2020, 37(3): 461-472.
Pan Rui, Cheng Hua, Wang Lei, et al. Analysis of the bolt-grouting support in deep roadway and combined high-strength bolt-grouting control technology[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2020, 37(3): 461-472.
[8]
刘学生, 宋世琳, 范德源, 等. 深部超大断面硐室群围岩变形破裂演化规律试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2020, 37(1): 40-49.
Liu Xuesheng, Song Shilin, Fan Deyuan, et al. Experimental study on deformation and failure evolution of surrounding rock for deep super-large section chamber group[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2020, 37(1): 40-49.
[9]
徐前卫, 丁文其, 朱合华, 等. 超大断面隧道软弱围岩卸荷渐进破坏特性研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2017, 50(1): 104-114.
Xu Qianwei, Ding Wenqi, Zhu Hehua, et al. Study on progressive unloading failure characteristics of superlarge tunnel in soft and weak rock mass[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2017, 50(1): 104-114.
[10]
徐前卫, 程盼盼, 朱合华, 等. 深埋隧道软弱围岩渐进性破坏及其锚固效应试验与模拟[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2017, 39(4): 617-625.
Xu Qianwei, Cheng Panpan, Zhu Hehua, et al. Experimental and numerical studies on progressive failure characteristics of weak surrounding rock mass of tunnel and its anchoring effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(4): 617-625.
[11]
方勇, 符亚鹏, 杨志浩, 等. 公路隧道下穿煤层采空区开挖过程相似模型试验[J]. 土木工程学报, 2015, 48(2): 125-134.
Fang Yong, Fu Yapeng, Yang Zhihao, et al. Similarity bmodel test of highway tunnel excavation beneath mined-out area[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2015, 48(2): 125-134.
[12]
靖洪文, 尹乾, 朱栋, 等. 深部巷道围岩锚固结构失稳破坏全过程试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(3): 889-901.
Jing Hongwen, Yin Qian, Zhu Dong, et al. Experimental study on the whole process of instability and failure of anchorage structure in surrounding rock of deep-buried roadway[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(3): 889-901.
[13]
张力, 董兴舒, 孙建光, 等. 隧道横断面精细分区下系统锚杆布设最优组合[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(8): 7770-7776.
Zhang Li, Dong Xingshu, Sun Jianguang, et al. The optimal combination of system anhor bolt layout in the fine division of tunnel cross section[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(18): 7770-7776.
[14]
Sun Z Y, Zhang D L, Fang Q, et al. Displacement process analysis of deep tunnels with grouted rockbolts considering bolt installation time and bolt length[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2021, 140. DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104437.
[15]
黄明华, 赵明华, 陈昌富. 锚固长度对锚杆受力影响分析及其临界值计算[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(11): 4033-4041, 4062.
Huang Minghua, Zhao Minghua, Chen Changfu. Influence of anchorage length on stress in bolt and its critical value calculation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(11): 4033-4041, 4062.
[16]
肖同强, 李化敏, 李海洋, 等不同锚固长度下锚杆拉拔特性研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2017, 34(6): 1075-1080.
Xiao Tongqiang, Li Huamin, Li Haiyang, et al. Pull-out properties of bolt with different anchorage length[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2017, 34(6): 1075-1080.
[17]
刘宇鹏, 夏才初, 吴福宝, 等. 高地应力软岩隧道长, 短锚杆联合支护技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(1): 105-114.
Liu Yupeng, Xia Caichu, Wu Fubao, et al. A combined support technology of long and short bolts of soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 39(1): 105-114.
[18]
李英明, 赵呈星, 刘增辉, 等. 围岩承载层分层演化规律及“层-双拱”承载结构强度分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(2): 217-227.
Li Yingming, Zhao Chengxing, Liu Zenghui, et al. Research on layered evolution law of surrounding rock bearing layers and strength analysis of “layer-double arch” bearing structure[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 39(2): 217-227.
[19]
张益东. 锚固复合承载体承载特性研究及在巷道锚杆支护设计中的应用[D]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学, 2013.
Zhang Yidong. Study on bearing characteristic of composite bolt-rock bearing structure and its application in roadway bolting design[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining &Technology, 2013.
[20]
Alejano L R, Rodríguez-Dono A, Veiga M. Plastic radii and longitudinal deformation profiles of tunnels excavated in strain-softening rock masses[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2012, 30: 169-182.
2025年第25卷第6期
PDF下载
364
138
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442
  • 接收时间:2024-04-06
  • 首发时间:2025-07-27
  • 出版时间:2025-02-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-06
  • 修回日期:2024-12-11
基金
国家自然科学基金(42402273)
国家自然科学基金(52374073)
安徽省高校自然重点基金(KJ2020A0455)
安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ13)
安徽建筑大学科研项目(2019QDZ52)
作者信息
    1 安徽建筑大学安徽省智能地下探测重点实验室, 合肥 230601
    2 安徽建筑大学土木工程学院, 合肥 230601

通讯作者:

王凤云(1989-),女,汉族,安徽无为人,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:地下工程围岩稳定性。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402442
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏