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在数字时代背景下,人工智能已成为影响中国企业关键核心技术突破的重要驱动力量。选取2009—2023年A股企业进行研究,探究人工智能应用与企业关键核心技术突破的影响及作用机制。研究发现:人工智能应用显著促进企业关键核心技术突破,该结论经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;在作用机制方面,人工智能应用有助于企业增强动态能力、优化人力资本结构与获取政府补助,从而驱动企业关键核心技术突破;融资约束和行业竞争程度在人工智能应用与企业关键核心技术突破之间起到负向调节作用;异质性分析发现人工智能应用能同时驱动国有企业与非国有企业的关键核心技术突破,在中小企业和高新技术企业中人工智能发挥的作用更强;经济后果检验发现人工智能应用驱动关键核心技术突破有助于推动企业高质量发展。研究结论有助于深入理解人工智能应用驱动中国企业关键核心技术突破的内在机制,为政府制定企业的创新突破发展政策,提供理论参考。

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