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基于云南省国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县城乡家庭入户调查数据,构建家庭经济脆弱性模型,从财务边际与偿付能力双维度测度并比较城乡家庭经济脆弱性特征。研究发现:帮扶县家庭普遍面临财务压力,乡村家庭现金流缺口更大、抗风险能力更弱,高风险型家庭占比显著高于城镇;收入不足与支出压力是驱动脆弱性的首要因素,流动资产匮乏与劳动力健康恶化进一步加剧风险,教育水平提升则具有缓冲作用。建议以增收控支为核心,辅以资产建设、健康保障与人力资本积累,构建城乡差异化的防返贫监测与分类帮扶机制,为乡村振兴阶段重点帮扶县政策优化提供实证支撑。

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