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ChatGPT的发布标志着新一轮人工智能浪潮的兴起,企业能否及早感知这一技术变革并作出前瞻响应,成为决定其长期价值的重要因素。基于2020—2024年中国A股上市公司数据,利用2022年ChatGPT发布事件作为外生冲击,研究信息技术背景高管是否能够更早感知和应对生成式人工智能浪潮。研究发现,信息技术背景比例高的企业在年报中更早披露与生成式人工智能相关的内容,显示出更强的前瞻性反应,并因此在生成式人工智能浪潮下实现了更高的企业价值增长。机制检验表明,企业价值的提升主要源于这些企业加大了研发投入和对人工智能相关劳动力的需求,这种企业价值提升效应主要体现在资产规模更小、融资约束更小、多元化程度更低的企业中。

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