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以2013—2023年中国30个省份(因数据缺失,未包含西藏地区和港澳台地区)为样本,旨在测度各省份的绿色创新效率并识别其重要影响因素。采用超效率基于松弛测度数据包络分析(slack-basedmeasuredataenvelopmentanalysis,SBM-DEA)模型测度各区域效率,结合第二代非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominatedsortinggeneticalgo-rithmII,NSGA-II)模型分析非线性驱动机制,利用NSGA-II遗传算法求解全国绿色创新多目标优化模型。实证结果显示,中国绿色创新效率总体缓慢上升但区域差异显著。SHAP值结果表明产业结构、人口密度与能源强度为关键影响因素,其中产业结构抑制效应最明显。通过多目标模型优化发现,合理配置我国各省市的资源权重可使全国绿色创新效率提升约11.4%,同时实现GDP增长与碳减排效益,为制定地区差异化协同创新政策提供优化路径。

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