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全球创新网络的重构正深刻改变国际技术转移的格局。地缘政治紧张、科技主权竞争、数字化革命和产业政策博弈相互叠加,推动国际技术转移由传统线性互补模式,向更复杂且强调安全与生态的系统演进,高校在这一过程中面临新机遇与挑战。从人才与激励、运营机制与技术熟化、制度与保护、文化与生态四个维度出发,通过案例与量化数据,系统比较了国内外高校国际技术转移的实践差异,总结出国内高校面临职业化人才短缺、中试能力缺失、涉外保护不完善、生态嵌入不足等困难。进一步分析,在全球创新网络影响下,上述困难源于市场经济成熟度、政府角色定位、知识产权保护强度与协同文化氛围等深层差异,高校需构建“激励强化-平台共建-制度供给-生态融合”的四维驱动体系。研究认为,中国高校应逐步实现从政策驱动向制度驱动、从单点突破向系统嵌入、从技术输出向生态共建的根本转变,最终从全球创新网络的“参与者”成长为“架构者”。

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