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农林院校大学生返乡创业是实现高等农业教育成果与乡村产业需求精准对接、推动乡村振兴战略实施的关键举措。针对大学生返乡创业过程中面临的职业不确定性及潜在风险,高校在创业胜任力的识别与培养中肩负重要责任。通过厘清创业胜任力概念,运用文献分析方法归纳其核心指标维度并编制测评问卷,进而构建并验证了创业胜任力结构模型。研究表明,农林院校大学生返乡创业胜任力由创业硬实力、创业统驭力、创业软实力及创业特质力四个维度构成,各维度权重较为均衡。基于模型结论,高校可综合运用笔试与面试等方法对大学生的创业胜任力进行科学评估,从而系统构建契合实践需求的创业培育体系。

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