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碳酸盐分布区域发育的隐伏岩溶洞穴是制约该区域风力发电设施建设和安全运营的重要因素之一。因此,亟须厘清隐伏岩溶洞穴特征对风机基础变形与稳定的影响,为岩溶区风电清洁能源生产选址提供科学技术支撑。为此,以云南省文山州丘北县锦屏西风电场为背景,首先通过现场调研、地质勘探查明该区域岩溶发育特征;然后基于典型岩溶洞穴特征概化地质模型,建立数值分析模型,探讨上部结构荷载作用下隐伏洞穴埋深、隐伏洞穴与风机基础空间位置关系、隐伏洞穴形状等参数对风机基础和上覆岩体变形分布特征的影响。结果表明,岩溶洞穴隐伏深度、空间位置、形状等对基础在受力条件下的变形破坏特征影响显著。风机基础选址时应确保基底与隐伏洞穴顶板距离大于1倍基础埋深,且尽可能增加基础中心与隐伏洞穴中心的间距。当溶洞不可避开时,优选裂隙型溶洞,避免将风机基础坐落在扁平型溶洞之上。

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