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低空经济已成为中国经济增长的新动力,吨级大型货运无人机凭借其强大的运输能力、先进的飞控系统和可靠的动力支持,成为物流运输、应急救援和军事补给等领域的重要工具。基于专利计量分析中国5家代表性吨级货运无人机创新主体(上海峰飞、联合飞机、腾盾科创、航天飞鹏、天域航通)的技术格局。研究表明:企业均重视研发与专利保护,技术发展各具特色,技术来源涵盖收购、转移及自主创新;国际化布局差异显著,仅上海峰飞系统化覆盖欧美市场;共性技术以飞行器平台为核心,同步布局导航定位、通信传输、飞行控制及物流运输领域。上海峰飞突出于垂直起降飞行器平台与电池热管理系统;联合飞机精研共轴旋翼的“结构-控制-系统”全链条技术;腾盾科创主导多机协同控制技术,涵盖编队规划与智能决策;航天飞鹏着力构建物流全链条技术体系,突破精准空投与智能调度;天域航通则聚焦大型无人机的冗余控制、智能货舱及自主导航。未来发展需融合人工智能与绿色能源技术,强化核心技术的自主性,加速国际化专利策略,并通过跨机构协同与标准建设提升国际竞争力。

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