Article(id=1206288138209653423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1206288129569387042, articleNumber=1671-1807(2025)11-0084-07, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1733414400000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765531103898, onlineDateStr=2025-12-12, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765531103898, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765531103898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765531103898, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1206288129569387042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, year='2025', volume='25', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='389', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765531101838, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765531429788, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1206289505120744207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1206288129569387042, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1206289505120744208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1206288129569387042, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=84, endPage=90, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1206288139950289737, articleId=1206288138209653423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, language=EN, title=Gas Production Prediction for Tight Sand Gas Reservoir Based on Equivalent Cylinder Model, columnId=1151876674645226399, journalTitle=Science Technology and Industry, columnName=Technology Innovation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Overriding sand bodies of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in Tianfu gas field are developed vertically, and the formation pressure of gas-producing layer varies greatly from shallow to deep. There are distributions of pressure coefficients from ultra-low pressure, low pressure to normal pressure. Due to the multiple influences of storage, gas-bearing property and formation pressure, the error of gas reservoir productivity prediction is always great. For this problem, taking the tight gas of Tianfu gas field as an example, gas reservoir production levels were divided according to the main factors of productivity firstly, and the equivalent cylinder model of gas reservoir under different production levels was established. According to the characteristics of gas reservoir, Redlich-Kwong equation of state was selected to deduce and calculate the total mass of methane in equivalent cylinder under formation conditions. Then, according to the total mass, a gas production prediction model was established to realize the productivity prediction of gas reservoir of multi-pressure system. And the following research results were obtained.The equivalent cylinder model of gas reservoir integrates the main factors of productivity in the study area, and a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical productivity prediction model is constructed through theoretical derivation and statistical analysis, which is more meaningful than mathematical statistics. Based on Redlich-Kwong equation of state, the model fully refers to the formation conditions and fluid characteristics in the study area, which is helpful to improve the prediction accuracy. Using actual data, compared with multiple regression method to predict gas production, the productivity prediction method based on equivalent cylinder model has smaller error.

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天府气田侏罗系沙溪庙组纵向上砂体叠置发育,产气层地层压力由浅至深差异大,压力系数从超低压、低压到常压均有分布。由于受到储层储集性、含气性和地层压力等因素的多重影响,导致此类气层产能预测的误差很大。为此,以天府气田致密气为对象,先根据产能主控因素划分气层产量级别,建立不同产量级别下的气层等效柱体模型,优选Redlich-Kwong状态方程,推导、计算地层条件下等效柱体内甲烷总质量,再依据总质量建立产气量预测模型,实现多压力系统气藏产能预测。研究结果表明:气层等效柱体模型综合研究区产能主控因素,经过理论推导与参数拟合构建一个半理论半经验产能预测模型,相比数理统计法更具理论推导意义;模型基于Redlich-Kwong状态方程,充分考虑了研究区地层条件和流体特征,有助于提高预测精度;结合实际数据对比多元回归法预测产气量,采用基于等效柱体模型的产能预测方法误差更小。

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李权(1991—),男,湖北天门人,硕士,中级工程师,研究方向为测井综合解释。

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李权(1991—),男,湖北天门人,硕士,中级工程师,研究方向为测井综合解释。

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李权(1991—),男,湖北天门人,硕士,中级工程师,研究方向为测井综合解释。

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产量级别 高产井 中产井 低产井
测试产量/(104m3·d-1) >5 1~5 <1
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产量级别分类

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产量级别 高产井 中产井 低产井
测试产量/(104m3·d-1) >5 1~5 <1
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状态方程 适用范围 优缺点
范德华 适用于低温、低压,同时计算气、液两相 精度低
RK 同时用于高温、高压,只用于气相 气体计算精度高
SRK 同时用于高温、高压和气、液两相 能计算气、液相体积,精度高,但公式简便性和易算性略差
维里 T<Tc,P<5 MPa的气相 气体计算精度高,但不适用于高压
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气体状态方程对比

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状态方程 适用范围 优缺点
范德华 适用于低温、低压,同时计算气、液两相 精度低
RK 同时用于高温、高压,只用于气相 气体计算精度高
SRK 同时用于高温、高压和气、液两相 能计算气、液相体积,精度高,但公式简便性和易算性略差
维里 T<Tc,P<5 MPa的气相 气体计算精度高,但不适用于高压
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基于等效柱体模型预测致密砂岩气藏产气量
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李权 1, 2
科技和产业 | 科技创新 2025,25(11): 84-90
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科技和产业 | 科技创新 2025, 25(11): 84-90
基于等效柱体模型预测致密砂岩气藏产气量
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李权1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 中国石油集团测井有限公司地质研究院, 西安 710076
  • 2 中国石油天然气集团有限公司测井重点实验室, 西安 710077
  • 李权(1991—),男,湖北天门人,硕士,中级工程师,研究方向为测井综合解释。

Gas Production Prediction for Tight Sand Gas Reservoir Based on Equivalent Cylinder Model
Quan LI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Geological Research Institute, China National Logging Corporation, Xi’an 710076, China
  • 2 Well Logging Key Laboratory, China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710077, China
出版时间: 2025-06-10
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天府气田侏罗系沙溪庙组纵向上砂体叠置发育,产气层地层压力由浅至深差异大,压力系数从超低压、低压到常压均有分布。由于受到储层储集性、含气性和地层压力等因素的多重影响,导致此类气层产能预测的误差很大。为此,以天府气田致密气为对象,先根据产能主控因素划分气层产量级别,建立不同产量级别下的气层等效柱体模型,优选Redlich-Kwong状态方程,推导、计算地层条件下等效柱体内甲烷总质量,再依据总质量建立产气量预测模型,实现多压力系统气藏产能预测。研究结果表明:气层等效柱体模型综合研究区产能主控因素,经过理论推导与参数拟合构建一个半理论半经验产能预测模型,相比数理统计法更具理论推导意义;模型基于Redlich-Kwong状态方程,充分考虑了研究区地层条件和流体特征,有助于提高预测精度;结合实际数据对比多元回归法预测产气量,采用基于等效柱体模型的产能预测方法误差更小。

四川盆地  /  致密砂岩气  /  产能预测  /  等效柱体模型  /  多压力系统气藏  /  Redlich-Kwong方程

Overriding sand bodies of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in Tianfu gas field are developed vertically, and the formation pressure of gas-producing layer varies greatly from shallow to deep. There are distributions of pressure coefficients from ultra-low pressure, low pressure to normal pressure. Due to the multiple influences of storage, gas-bearing property and formation pressure, the error of gas reservoir productivity prediction is always great. For this problem, taking the tight gas of Tianfu gas field as an example, gas reservoir production levels were divided according to the main factors of productivity firstly, and the equivalent cylinder model of gas reservoir under different production levels was established. According to the characteristics of gas reservoir, Redlich-Kwong equation of state was selected to deduce and calculate the total mass of methane in equivalent cylinder under formation conditions. Then, according to the total mass, a gas production prediction model was established to realize the productivity prediction of gas reservoir of multi-pressure system. And the following research results were obtained.The equivalent cylinder model of gas reservoir integrates the main factors of productivity in the study area, and a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical productivity prediction model is constructed through theoretical derivation and statistical analysis, which is more meaningful than mathematical statistics. Based on Redlich-Kwong equation of state, the model fully refers to the formation conditions and fluid characteristics in the study area, which is helpful to improve the prediction accuracy. Using actual data, compared with multiple regression method to predict gas production, the productivity prediction method based on equivalent cylinder model has smaller error.

Sichuan Basin  /  tight sandstone gas  /  productivity prediction  /  equivalent cylinder model  /  gas reservoir of multi-pressure system  /  Redlich-Kwong equation
李权. 基于等效柱体模型预测致密砂岩气藏产气量. 科技和产业, 2025 , 25 (11) : 84 -90 .
Quan LI. Gas Production Prediction for Tight Sand Gas Reservoir Based on Equivalent Cylinder Model[J]. Science Technology and Industry, 2025 , 25 (11) : 84 -90 .
产能评价在气藏勘探和开发阶段均是各大油气田关注的焦点,也是地质工作者需要解决的关键问题之一[1-3]。在气藏勘探阶段,产能预测能为探井试油选层提供参考依据,特别是在油气田提交探明储量时,储量区范围内存在未测试井或未完试井,需要有效的产能评价手段支撑储量提交。地球物理测井在勘探阶段能提供储层岩性、物性、含气性等静态参数[4-5]。这些储层参数往往与气藏产能密切相关,在气藏未打开前能够有效利用开展产能预测。在利用测井资料预测气藏的方向上,学者们相继开展了相关研究,应用各种方法分别取得了比较好的效果[6-8],其中数理统计法是目前测井解释工作者最常用的方法之一。数理统计法核心是利用已测试井产量与储层孔渗饱、储层厚度等测井参数建立储层品质指数、加权储能系数、产能分级图版以及多元回归计算模型来预测产量大小[9]。这类方法基于产能敏感参数分析,可操作性强,在生产应用中受到业界认可[9]。不足之处在于,一方面方法本身来源于数据统计,缺乏数据与数据之间的关联分析,且大量采用储层平均值分析产量的方式削弱了层内数据点的差异性,影响了相关性分析的结果;另一方面缺乏理论推导,各层系各砂体之间产量预测模型不统一,应用效果受到限制。
天府气田沙溪庙组埋深1 000~2 500 m,纵向上已发现20多套砂体,由浅到深均有气藏发现。气藏类型为中低孔、低渗岩性气藏,测试和开采均采用加砂压裂方式。由于岩性气藏层间非均质性强,砂体连通性差,各砂体易形成独立的压力系统[10-13]。该气田沙溪庙组浅层压力系数一般较低,呈现超低压状态;中深层压力系数一般相对浅层较高,但也有超低压的砂体。整个层系气藏压力系数分布范围为0.32~1.16。由于各砂体之间地层压力差异大,在储层岩性、物性、含气性相当的情况下,地层压力不同的气层,其测试产量差异巨大。因此,研究区气藏产能预测需考虑地层压力因素。
天府气田沙溪庙组储层类型为致密砂岩孔隙型,测试工艺基本采用加砂压裂方式,因此,气藏产能影响因素除测井提供的地质因素外,还有压裂改造以及钻井过程中产生的工程因素。由于测井资料无法提供加砂总量、砂液比、钻井液污染程度等工程参数,因此只能从地质因素入手开展产能预测。
研究区气藏以天然气为主,见微量凝析油。气藏改造的工艺基本采用统一方式,即加砂强度、加液强度等压裂属性各产气层基本相当。在不考虑工程因素和油气特性变化的影响下,气藏产能大小主要由储层本身性质所决定。
分析研究区已测试井产气层测试产量(或每米测试产量)与孔隙度、渗透率、含气饱和度、储层厚度、压力系数、纵横波速度比等参数相关关系,优选储层厚度、压力系数、孔隙度、含气饱和度(图1)。
储层厚度与产气量正相关[图1(a)],相关性较明显。压力系数整体与每米产气量正相关,但相关性系数低,主要受储集性等其他因素影响。单看交会图散点的外包络线[图1(b)],呈现明显的正相关规律(图中的外包络线可以理解为受其他因素影响较小,单因素随产量的变化关系),认为地层压力对储层产能具有一定影响。储层孔隙度、含气饱和度与每米产气量,从外包络线上[图1(c)图1(d)]看到较明显的正相关关系。因此,研究区产能与气藏储集性、地层压力以及含气性有密切关系。
除以上产能因素外,还考察砂体结构因素。砂岩段伽马曲线的光滑程度反映了水动力对砂体的改造程度[14-15],即伽马曲线越光滑,砂体的结构成熟度越高、均质性越强[16]。定义砂体结构测井表征参数PSS:
P S S = r 1 + r 2 + S 2
式中:r1r2为砂体内部局部波动性,利用砂岩段伽马曲线上、下采样点的差值计算;S2为砂体内部的整体波动性,即砂岩段伽马曲线的方差。PSS的大小映射了砂体的相态。PSS小,砂体多为箱型河道砂;PSS大,砂体多为砂泥互层。图2反映了单砂体结构参数与测试产量总体呈负相关关系,说明砂体结构也影响产能。
根据研究区产能主控因素,构建气层等效柱体模型。以等效柱体模型为载体,利用Redlich-Kwong状态方程和测井参数将产能主控因素有机结合,推导产气量预测模型。
将气层产量等效为一个半径为R、高度等于砂体厚度L的圆柱体内天然气总量,即井筒周围一定范围内砂体储层中流入井内的天然气总量。由于研究区天然气主要为甲烷,天然气总量则通过计算地层条件下等效柱体的甲烷总质量,再依据气体密度计算公式[式(2)]换算成标准状态下(天然气产量计量标准:压力为760 mmHg(1 mmHg=133.32 Pa),温度20 ℃)的甲烷体积。通过式(2)可知,标准状态下甲烷密度为定值,甲烷体积与甲烷质量成正比。由此,气层产量计算的关键是等效柱体内甲烷质量。
ρ = M P Z R u T
式中:ρ为密度,g/cm3;P为压力,Pa;Z为压缩系数,与温度、压力以及气体类型有关;Ru为气体常数,J/(mol·K);T为温度,K;M为压力等于P、温度等于T时的气体摩尔体积,g/mol。
气层等效柱体甲烷质量即为等厚度砂体有效储层孔隙中的甲烷质量。模型纵向上由砂体厚度L控制,径向上由半径R控制。将产能主控因素有效地融入模型,采用产量分级方式建立不同产量级别下的等效柱体模型。模型差异体现在半径R上,即高产井的模型半径最大、低产井的模型半径最小。依据测试产量划分高、中、低3个产量级别(表1),对应等效柱体模型的半径分别为w1rrw2r,w1w2为权重系数,为方便计算和研究其规律,令等效柱体半径r等于单位长度(1 m)。确定方法见2.3节。
优选储能系数HI(储层孔隙度与储层厚度之积)、含气饱和度Sg和砂体结构参数PSS建立产量级别划分图版(图3),图版由压力系数相近的气层数据点组成。图版中HI×Sg表征砂体储集性,PSS间接反映砂岩孔隙结构(结构成熟度高,孔隙结构好),储集性越好、砂体结构越好的气层产量越高。利用该图版初步划分产量级别,再依据产量级别选择相应的模型半径,如式(3)所示。
R = w 1 r , r , w 2 r ,
研究区有效储层标准为:泥质含量≤30%,孔隙度≥7%,含气饱和度≥40%。气层孔隙空间里只有甲烷和束缚水,则地层条件下,气层等效柱体甲烷总体积为
V s = i = 1 N π R 2 φ i S g i Δ h
式中:Vs为等效柱体甲烷总体积,m3;i为满足有效储层标准的第i个测井采样点;φi为第i个采样点的测井孔隙度; S g i为第i个采样点的测井含气饱和度;Δh为测井曲线采样间隔,m;N为砂体从底到顶满足有效储层标准的测井采样点总数。
依据气体状态方程可知,在同等温度、压力下,一定体积容器内甲烷的物质的量一定。甲烷气体的摩尔体积定义是,在一定温度、压力下,单位物质的量的甲烷所占的体积,由此摩尔体积的倒数则表示单位体积内甲烷的物质的量:
1 V m = n V s
式中:Vm为甲烷的摩尔体积,m3/kmol;n为甲烷物质的量,kmol。
结合物质的量定义,联立式(4)、式(5),得到等效柱体甲烷质量:
m = M i = 1 N π R 2 φ i S g i Δ h / V m
式中:M为甲烷的摩尔质量,kg/kmol;m为甲烷质量,kg。
研究区不同砂体地层压力差异大,导致气层中甲烷气体的摩尔体积也各不相同。式(6)中除孔隙度、饱和度参数可由测井评价提供外,关键要确定甲烷摩尔体积。求取摩尔体积最有效的手段是结合热力学气体状态方程。
理想气体状态方程描述了温度、压力和气体摩尔体积之间的平衡关系,但只适合压力非常低(压力趋近于0或体积趋于无穷大)的情况[17],其主要原因是真实气体分子本身有大小,且分子之间有相互作用力,而理想气体状态方程并未考虑这一点。在实际应用中,针对不同的工程应用条件已有几十种不同形式的真实气体状态方程[18]。在不同气体类型、流体类型(单相或多相)、压力和温度等条件下,真实气体状态方程的计算精度均高于理想气体状态方程[17]
针对地层孔隙空间气体平衡的应用场景,选择以下4种形式不太复杂、实际应用广泛的真实气体状态方程进行对比分析,优选适合本文研究的方程。
(1)范德华方程(Van der Waals):
P = R u T V - b - a V 2
式中:V为摩尔体积,m3/kmol;ab为范德华方程常数,由气体临界等温线在临界点的条件得到。范德华方程[19]作为首次将理想气体所忽略的分子大小和分子间作用力考虑进来的典范,在许多场合中得到使用。它的优点在于公式简易、参数容易获取,适用于温度低于临界温度和相对低压条件。
(2)Redlich-Kwong(RK)状态方程:
P = R u T V - b - a T 0.5 V ( V + b )
式中:ab为Redlich-Kwong(RK)方程常数,可由气体临界等温线在临界点的条件得到。 RK方程[20]在范德华方程基础上做了改进,大幅提升了计算气相体积的准确性。它能精确计算几百个大气压下的气体体积,且适用于烃类、氢等非极性气体。
(3)SRK状态方程:
P = R u T V - b - a ( T ) V ( V + b )
a ( T ) = 0.427   48 R u 2 T c 2 P c α ( T )
式中:TcPc为临界温度和压力;α(T)为Alpha方程,根据实际需求有不同的形式。SRK状态方程[20]是对RK方程的修正,方程中的a不再是常数,而是与温度相关的函数。它的优势在于能应用于气液两相的混合物计算,且能计算极性物质,在工业中广泛应用。
(4)维里方程:
$P V=R_{\mathrm{u}} T\left[1+\frac{B(T)}{V}+\frac{C(T)}{V^{2}}\right]$
式中:B(T)为第二维里系数,表征了两个分子间作用力;C(T)为第三维里系数,表征了三重分子的相互作用力,均是温度的函数。
前3个方程均属于半经验半理论的立方型状态方程,而维里方程更侧重于理论。式(11)为维里方程[21]的截断式,适用于压力不高的气体计算。表2梳理了这4个方程的适用范围以及优缺点。结合研究区地层压力(5~27 MPa)、温度(47~83 ℃)以及单一气体(单相甲烷气体为主)特征,优选计算精度高、简便性和易算性较强的RK方程作为甲烷摩尔体积计算的模型。
采用RK方程计算地层条件下的甲烷摩尔体积。建模过程中通过输入对应产气层的井温和测试时测定的地层压力,利用RK方程的迭代式[式(12)]计算甲烷摩尔体积。
V n + 1 = R u T P + b - a ( V n - b ) P T 0.5 V n ( V n + b )
式中:ab通过查表得到的甲烷临界参数计算;Vn的初值V0等于理想气体状态下的甲烷摩尔体积;迭代过程中,当 V n + 1Vn之间的差值满足误差允许的范围时,甲烷摩尔体积为 V n + 1图4为代入已测试井温度和压力计算的甲烷摩尔体积与地层压力的关系图。由图4可知,研究区地层压力变化范围大,甲烷摩尔体积随压力呈负相关关系;当地层压力较小时,甲烷摩尔体积受压力的影响大。
将计算的甲烷摩尔体积代入式(6),计算所有产气层的等效柱体甲烷质量。式(3)中的权重系数w1w2通过各产气层等效柱体甲烷质量与测试产量的相关性大小进一步确定。计算流程图如图5所示,最终确定的权重系数w1=1.2,w2=0.6。
理论上,等效柱体甲烷质量与产气量应正相关。代入权重系数,将各产气层计算的等效柱体甲烷质量与测试产量作交会图。如图6所示,两者相关性很强(拟合相关系数为0.95),由此,利用等效柱体甲烷质量计算产气量:
Q = 4.488 m 3 - 13.636 m 2 + 16.794 m - 0.236
式中:Q为产气量,104m3/d;m为计算的等效柱体甲烷质量,t。气层等效柱体模型综合研究区产能主控因素,特别是在计算等效柱体甲烷质量中融入地层压力,由此构建一个半理论半经验的产气量预测模型。
在实际应用中,利用式(13)对测井解释的气层进行产气量预测。模型中所需的温度通过测井资料的温度曲线获取气层段的平均温度;所需的地层压力,则根据邻井同套砂体的压力系数以及本井同深度静水压力计算得到。通过对比实际生产中常用的多元回归法,来说明基于等效柱体模型的产气量预测模型的实用效果。
依据产能主控因素,多元回归法选取压力系数、孔隙度、含气饱和度与每米测试产量建立多元回归方程[式(14)],得到储层品质指数PI,再依据式(15)计算测试产量。
P I = 10 a α b φ c S g d
Q = P I H
式中:α为地层压力系数;φ为储层平均孔隙度(储层厚度的加权平均值),%;Sg为储层平均含气饱和度,%;H为储层厚度,m;拟合系数abcd分别为-2.32、0.559、0.017、0.886。图7图8分别为多元回归法和本文产能预测方法计算的日产量与实际测试产量的对比,图中数据覆盖了压力系数0.32~1.16的产气层。通过对比,本文的产气量预测方法计算效果更好。
研究区6号砂组存在超低压产层。X井是四川盆地川中地区低缓构造带部署的一口评价井,勘探目的层为沙溪庙组二段砂体。图9为X井6号砂组测井解释综合图。从自然伽马曲线上看,该套砂体为“箱型”河道砂,砂体结构较好。储层厚度较大,物性中等,平均孔隙度为9.8%;储层电阻率高、中子声波交会明显,纵横波速度比较低,整体含气性好,综合解释为气层。通过投点产量级别图版(图10),初步划分为高产井级别,给定等效柱体半径权重1.2。参考距离本井27 km左右的6号砂组开发井压力系数(0.48),估算本井气层的地层压力为9.84 MPa,进而计算地层条件下甲烷摩尔体积为0.254 4 m3/kmol。采用本文的产气量预测模型计算日产量为50 400 m3,采用多元回归法[式(14)、(15)]预测日产量为32 500 m3。最终该气层加砂压裂测试获气56 600 m3/d,与本文方法计算的结果更接近,进一步验证了方法的准确性。
研究区气藏产能影响因素较多,单因素相关性较差,简单的数理统计法难以准确预测产气量。本文提出的产气量预测方法,在充分考虑产能影响因素情况下,以等效柱体模型为载体,通过RK气体状态方程将地层压力等气藏参数与储层储集性、含气性、砂体结构等地质因素有机地融合,相比数理统计法更具理论推导意义。同时在多压力系统气藏条件下,基于等效柱体模型的产气量预测模型应用效果更显著。
  • 中国石油勘探与生产分公司勘探工程技术测井攻关项目(20210301-23)
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  • 接收时间:2024-12-06
  • 首发时间:2025-12-12
  • 出版时间:2025-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-06
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中国石油勘探与生产分公司勘探工程技术测井攻关项目(20210301-23)
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    1 中国石油集团测井有限公司地质研究院, 西安 710076
    2 中国石油天然气集团有限公司测井重点实验室, 西安 710077
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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