Article(id=1153992999009771919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153992986405888144, articleNumber=1671-1807(2025)07-0075-07, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1729094400000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753062971117, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753062971117, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753062971117, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753062971117, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153992986405888144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, year='2025', volume='25', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='372', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753062968112, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753063464821, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1153995069800567734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153992986405888144, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1153995069800567735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153992986405888144, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=75, endPage=81, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153992999949296028, articleId=1153992999009771919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, language=EN, title=Construction Technology of Pile-diaphragm Wall Integration Supporting the Foundation Pit under Complex Conditions: Taking Suiguanshen Intercity Huanggang Port Station Main Envelope Structure Project as an Example, columnId=1151876674645226399, journalTitle=Science Technology and Industry, columnName=Technology Innovation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Underground diaphragm wall has great advantages in the application of deep foundation pit support in the basement of high-rise buildings, subway stations and other projects. However, for the construction of underground diaphragm wall under the complex geological conditions of soft upper and hard lower strata and high groundwater level, as well as the complex environmental conditions such as high support rate into rock, near the construction and adjacent to the operation range of subway, there are some problems such as easy to collapse holes, low trough efficiency and high construction cost. Therefore, the construction technology of pile-diaphragm wall integration supporting the foundation pit was studied. By replacing this part of the deep ground connection wall embedded in the breezed rock layer with cast-in piles, the difficulty and workload of hard rock troughs are reduced, and the safety risks of adjacent buildings and subway operations are reduced.

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地下连续墙在高层建筑地下室、地铁车站等工程深基坑支护中的应用有很大优势,但对于上软下硬地层、地下水位高的复杂地质条件和支护入岩率高、邻近建筑物和地铁运营范围内的复杂环境条件下的地下连续墙施工,存在易塌孔、成槽效率低、施工成本高的问题。为此,对基坑桩墙一体化支护的施工技术进行研究,以墙下灌注桩替代嵌入微风化岩层这部分深度地连墙,减小硬岩成槽的工作难度和工作量,降低临近建筑及地铁运营的安全风险。

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薛蕊(1997—),女,江西赣州人,硕士,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

雷斌(1963—),男,江西吉安人,教授级高级工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

邓乃匀(1998—),男,广东雷州人,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工。

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薛蕊(1997—),女,江西赣州人,硕士,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

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薛蕊(1997—),女,江西赣州人,硕士,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

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雷斌(1963—),男,江西吉安人,教授级高级工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

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雷斌(1963—),男,江西吉安人,教授级高级工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

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邓乃匀(1998—),男,广东雷州人,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工。

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邓乃匀(1998—),男,广东雷州人,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工。

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unstructuredReference=徐军, 方蕾. 市域线地铁车站超深围护结构施工关键技术研究[J]. 建筑技术, 2024, 46(3): 377-379, 383., articleTitle=市域线地铁车站超深围护结构施工关键技术研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199769414896812934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153992999009771919, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=1, pageStart=75, pageEnd=79, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=吕鹏涛, journalName=施工技术(中英文), refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕鹏涛. 上层软土下层基岩地下连续墙成槽施工技术[J]. 施工技术(中英文), 2024, 53(1): 75-79, 86., articleTitle=上层软土下层基岩地下连续墙成槽施工技术, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199769414984893321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153992999009771919, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=48, issue=9, pageStart=90, pageEnd=93, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=李松晏, 梁森, 张文, journalName=施工技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李松晏, 梁森, 张文, 等. 紧邻地铁超深基坑嵌岩地下连续墙施工技术[J]. 施工技术, 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复杂条件下基坑桩墙一体化支护施工技术——以穗莞深城际皇岗口岸站主体围护结构工程为例
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薛蕊 1 , 雷斌 1 , 邓乃匀 2
科技和产业 | 科技创新 2025,25(7): 75-81
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科技和产业 | 科技创新 2025, 25(7): 75-81
复杂条件下基坑桩墙一体化支护施工技术——以穗莞深城际皇岗口岸站主体围护结构工程为例
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薛蕊1, 雷斌1, 邓乃匀2
作者信息
  • 1 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司, 广东 深圳 518063
  • 2 深圳市工勘基础工程有限公司, 广东 深圳 518101
  • 薛蕊(1997—),女,江西赣州人,硕士,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

    雷斌(1963—),男,江西吉安人,教授级高级工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工;

    邓乃匀(1998—),男,广东雷州人,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为岩土工程施工。

Construction Technology of Pile-diaphragm Wall Integration Supporting the Foundation Pit under Complex Conditions: Taking Suiguanshen Intercity Huanggang Port Station Main Envelope Structure Project as an Example
Rui XUE1, Bin LEI1, Naiyun DENG2
Affiliations
  • 1 Shenzhen Geokey Group Co.,LTD.,Shenzhen 518063, Guangdong, China
  • 2 Shenzhen Geokey Foundation Engineering Co., LTD., Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China
出版时间: 2025-04-10
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地下连续墙在高层建筑地下室、地铁车站等工程深基坑支护中的应用有很大优势,但对于上软下硬地层、地下水位高的复杂地质条件和支护入岩率高、邻近建筑物和地铁运营范围内的复杂环境条件下的地下连续墙施工,存在易塌孔、成槽效率低、施工成本高的问题。为此,对基坑桩墙一体化支护的施工技术进行研究,以墙下灌注桩替代嵌入微风化岩层这部分深度地连墙,减小硬岩成槽的工作难度和工作量,降低临近建筑及地铁运营的安全风险。

复杂地质和环境  /  深基坑支护  /  地下连续墙  /  桩墙一体化  /  施工技术

Underground diaphragm wall has great advantages in the application of deep foundation pit support in the basement of high-rise buildings, subway stations and other projects. However, for the construction of underground diaphragm wall under the complex geological conditions of soft upper and hard lower strata and high groundwater level, as well as the complex environmental conditions such as high support rate into rock, near the construction and adjacent to the operation range of subway, there are some problems such as easy to collapse holes, low trough efficiency and high construction cost. Therefore, the construction technology of pile-diaphragm wall integration supporting the foundation pit was studied. By replacing this part of the deep ground connection wall embedded in the breezed rock layer with cast-in piles, the difficulty and workload of hard rock troughs are reduced, and the safety risks of adjacent buildings and subway operations are reduced.

complex formations and environments  /  support of deep foundation pit  /  underground diaphragm wall  /  pile-diaphragm wall integration  /  construction technology
薛蕊, 雷斌, 邓乃匀. 复杂条件下基坑桩墙一体化支护施工技术——以穗莞深城际皇岗口岸站主体围护结构工程为例. 科技和产业, 2025 , 25 (7) : 75 -81 .
Rui XUE, Bin LEI, Naiyun DENG. Construction Technology of Pile-diaphragm Wall Integration Supporting the Foundation Pit under Complex Conditions: Taking Suiguanshen Intercity Huanggang Port Station Main Envelope Structure Project as an Example[J]. Science Technology and Industry, 2025 , 25 (7) : 75 -81 .
地下连续墙以其刚度大、整体性好、支护结构变形小、墙身抗渗性能好、适用性强等优点,在高层建筑地下室、地铁车站等领域的深基坑中应用越来越广泛[1-2]。随着深基坑工程的进一步加深,地下连续墙围护结构需嵌入较深岩层,这给成槽工艺、施工质量和施工进度带来了巨大的挑战[3-4]
对于上部软土下部硬岩、地下水位高、基坑深度大、支护入岩率高,且临近建(构)筑物和地铁运营范围内等复杂地质和环境条件下的基坑支护,地下连续墙支护技术有很大优势,但墙体入岩深度大将导致成槽持续时间长,对上部软弱土层长时间扰动,易造成塌孔和引起周边沉降[5],不仅不利于施工顺利进行,还对临近建(构)筑物和地铁运行等构成严重的安全隐患[6-8]。同时,硬岩饱和抗压强度大,对成槽设备、工艺要求高,设备损耗大,将导致成槽效率低下、成本增高,极大影响项目进程[9]
针对上述施工难点,本文研究一种“基坑桩墙一体化支护施工技术”,采用墙下灌注桩替代嵌入微风化岩层这部分深度地连墙的施工技术,在液压抓斗上部土层抓槽后,由旋挖钻机在中风化岩面钻两个孔径与墙厚一致的二合一导(桩)孔至基坑底部以下,微风化岩面以上深度的孔作为辅助双轮铣铣槽的导孔,微风化岩面以下深度的孔作为灌注桩孔,双轮铣顺导孔凿岩成槽至微风化岩面处的墙底标高而完成墙体成槽,然后下放桩墙一体钢筋笼入槽孔,最后灌注桩墙混凝土形成桩墙一体的钢筋混凝土支护结构,大大减小硬岩地层成槽施工难度和工作量。
穗莞深城际皇岗口岸站主体围护结构工程中,其基坑外包长度约350 m,宽度约50 m,平均开挖深度达39 m,为临近建(构)筑物、地铁运营范围内的超大型基坑。基坑所在场地地层由上至下分布人工填土、淤泥质黏土、粉质黏土、细砂、中粗砂、砂质黏土,下伏基岩为全风化、强风化、中风化、微风化花岗岩,中风化、微风化岩饱和抗压强度最大分别为21.0、58.6 MPa,岩石质量指标(rock quality designation,RQD)分别为65%、80%。场地地下水位埋深约4.3 m,中风化岩面埋深约25 m,微风化岩面埋深约30 m,基坑开挖入岩约14 m,坑底主要位于微风化花岗岩地层。该工程基坑支护如果采用地下连续墙支护至少进入坑底约3 m,墙体入岩深度达17 m,如图1所示。
该工程基坑支护采用桩墙一体化基坑支护,其中上部为30 m深的地连墙,下部为12 m长的灌注桩,其支护结构如图2所示。桩墙一体化支护结构与基坑内支撑结构配合支护保证了基坑安全性[10],提高了施工效率,减少了施工成本,为复杂地质和周边环境条件下深度大、入岩率高的基坑支护提供了一种创新、实用的技术。
(1)适用于复杂地层和周边环境条件下的基坑支护项目。
(2)适用于基坑开挖深度大、支护结构入岩深的地下连续墙基坑支护项目。
穗莞深城际皇岗口岸站主体围护结构工程地下连续墙单幅幅长5.5 m、墙厚1.2 m、墙深30 m,灌注桩直径1.2 m、有效桩长12 m。本项目采用桩墙一体化支护结构,有效解决了复杂条件下基坑深度大、入岩率高的基坑支护存在的施工问题,关键技术包括桩墙一体化支护形式、桩墙一体化施工等。
1)桩墙一体化支护空间
桩墙一体化支护形式是将单一地下连续墙支护优化为上部地下连续墙和下部2根灌注桩组成的二合一的一体化支护结构,施工时在土层抓斗成槽后,钻进导向孔和灌注桩孔,再采用双轮铣凿岩成槽,形成1幅槽体与2根灌注桩孔连通的桩墙“1+2”一体的支护空间,如图3所示。
2)桩墙一体支护结构
本工艺在形成上部地下连续墙、下部灌注桩孔二合一空间后,将下部2根灌注桩的钢筋笼与上部地下连续墙的钢筋网片在槽口焊接连接,并将形成的桩墙一体钢筋笼整体吊装下放就位,在灌注桩孔内插入2根灌注导管,同步完成桩身混凝土和地下连续墙混凝土灌注,而形成桩墙一体化的钢筋混凝土支护结构,如图4所示。桩墙一体支护结构中,地连墙穿过软土地层和全、强、中风化层,止水效果好;在地下连续墙与灌注桩连接部位,采用加强连接,整体刚度大;两根灌注桩从微风化岩面竖直深入至基坑底部以下硬岩地层,确保支挡受力稳定[11-13]
1)槽段开挖
本工艺在土层液压抓斗分序抓槽后,利用旋挖钻机在中风化岩面钻两个二合一导(桩)孔至桩底标高,微风化岩面以上的孔作为辅助双轮铣铣槽的导向孔,微风化岩面以下的孔作为灌注桩孔,即采用整体单一地下连续墙入岩时钻凿的导向孔作为下部灌注桩孔。首开幅槽段两端的岩面再施工副孔至墙底标高,双轮铣顺导向孔凿岩成槽至微风化岩面处的墙底标高而完成墙体成槽,地下连续墙成槽深度相对减小,槽段开挖流程如图5所示。
2)桩墙一体化
槽段地下连续墙成槽、灌注桩钻孔完成后,将桩钢筋笼和墙钢筋网组装成一体安放,再经灌注形成桩墙连续一体结构,施工过程如下。
(1)将2个灌注桩钢筋笼分别吊放入桩孔底,再垂直起吊至槽口位置固定,并在地面标记此时桩钢筋笼中心位置(实际桩孔中心),如图6(a)图6(b)所示。
(2)将墙钢筋网片竖直吊运至槽口上方,并下放于灌注桩钢筋笼主筋锚入墙钢筋网长度1.5 m位置,并将上部墙钢筋网与下部桩钢筋笼焊接在一起,如图6(c)所示。
(3)利用起重机起吊桩墙钢筋笼,调校对准标记的桩钢筋笼中心位置后,整体下放至桩底标高,如图6(d)所示。
(4)采用2根导管同步灌注桩身混凝土、地下连续墙混凝土,形成桩墙连续一体的钢筋混凝土支护结构,如图6(e)所示。
复杂条件下基坑桩墙一体化支护施工工艺流程如图7所示。
(1)使用挖掘机对场地进行平整、压实,根据平面设计图坐标、高程控制点标高进行地下连续墙轴线和桩位的测量放线、定位标记。
(2)槽段上部分布人工填石层、淤泥质黏土、砂土等黏结性差的地层,在水动力条件下极易坍塌,对地连墙成槽施工不利,预先对土层段进行三轴搅拌桩套打加固槽壁。
(3)槽壁加固后,外扩土方开挖沟槽;导墙中心线与地下连续墙轴线重合,导墙厚20 cm,宽度1 m,其墙顶面高出地面10 cm;导墙浇筑混凝土、拆模后,沿其纵向每隔1 m左右加设两道木支撑防止变形。
(1)槽段设计标准幅长5.5 m、厚1.2 m,土层成槽采用宝峨GB80S液压抓斗,功率280 kW,最大提升力550 kN,最大提升重量(含土)可达32 t,选用宽2.8 m、厚1.2 m的标准液压抓斗。
(2)为保证成槽质量及钢筋网片顺利安装,首开幅两端各超挖0.7 m,然后分三序抓槽,先抓两边、再抓中间,抓槽宽度6.9 m;闭合幅分两序抓槽,抓槽宽度4.1 m。
(3)抓槽时,边开挖、边向导墙内泵送泥浆,保持槽段内液面高度;形成的土渣排到地面上进行净化处理,净化后的泥浆继续被泵入槽孔内;同时,注意观察液压抓斗上垂直度检测仪的实测值,并及时调整抓斗,确保槽壁垂直度满足要求。
(1)抓槽至中风化岩面后,将抓斗移开施工槽段,旋挖钻机就位施工灌注桩孔。本项目采用山河智能SWDM550旋挖钻机施工,功率447 kW,最大输出扭矩550 kN·m。
(2)在槽段中风化岩面先后钻两个直径1.2 m的主孔至桩底标高,首开幅槽段两端再另引两个直径1.2 m的副孔至墙底标高,辅助双轮铣铣槽,钻孔具体布置如图8图9所示。
(3)旋挖钻机施工时,先用截齿斗扫平岩面,再下放直径1.2 m的牙轮筒钻,下放至近岩面1 m时缓慢轻放,并低速(5 r/min)转动钻头接近岩面,接触岩面后采用吊打模式逐步形成完整的切屑槽,再正常加压钻进,采取取芯、钻进交替作业。
(4)旋挖牙轮筒钻每进尺2~3 m,观察操作室测斜仪变化,检查钻孔垂直度,如发现偏斜及时纠偏;同时,注意控制槽内泥浆质量及泥浆液面高度,保持槽壁稳定。
(1)钻孔完成后,将旋挖钻机移开施工槽段,双轮铣槽机就位。
(2)本项目采用金泰SX40A双轮铣槽机施工,功率300 kW,最大提升力700 kN。
(3)首开幅槽段分三序成槽,先铣两边、再铣中间,实际铣槽宽度6.9 m;闭合幅槽段分两序成槽,实际铣槽宽度4.1 m。
(4)施工时,确保铣轮处于导向孔内,铣轮将硬岩铣削破碎,同时利用自带的气举反循环系统,从铣轮中间的吸砂口将钻掘出的岩渣与泥浆排到地面上的ZR-400泥浆净化器中进行泥浆、渣土分离,净化后的泥浆继续被泵入槽孔内,边泥浆循环清渣、边凿岩进尺至墙底标高。
(5)施工过程中,通过控制液压千斤顶系统伸出或缩回导向板、纠偏板,调整铣头的姿态并调慢铣头下降速度,以有效控制槽孔的垂直度;每运行一段时间,将铣轮提出槽段进行冲洗,并检查齿轮磨损情况,保证破岩效率。
(6)双轮铣完成施工后,双轮铣槽机移位,采用液压抓斗进行修槽,确保槽壁垂直精度;再将液压抓斗下放到槽段底部挖除槽底沉渣,确保槽底沉渣满足设计要求。
(1)成槽后,旋挖钻机就位,利用旋挖钻斗掏出成槽过程中堆积于桩孔内的岩块及钻渣。
(2)旋挖钻斗捞渣后,再改换旋挖清渣钻斗对对孔底进行清理;清理干净后,对桩孔孔底沉渣进行测量,确保钻孔深度与终孔一致,以及沉渣厚度满足设计要求。
(1)开挖槽孔、桩孔后,使用UDM-100超声波测壁仪检验槽段槽孔的深度、厚度、宽度、垂直度是否满足要求。
(2)如检验合格则完成成槽、成孔施工,进行下一步工序;如检测不合格则再进行修槽孔,直至槽孔符合设计要求为止。
(1)按设计图纸加工制作灌注桩钢筋笼,其底部设计呈内弯形,便于进入下部桩孔;加工完后,检查灌注桩钢筋笼长度、直径、焊点等是否合格。
(2)桩钢筋笼双钩多点起吊,缓慢操作,避免扭转、弯曲,严防桩钢筋笼由于起吊操作不当导致变形。将桩钢筋笼吊放至槽口,使笼中心点对准槽壁桩钢筋笼中心点标识,缓慢下放。
(3)将两个桩钢筋笼先后吊放入孔,并竖直提升至槽口,再分别用两根钢扁担将桩钢筋笼水平固定在槽口,在地面标记桩钢筋笼中心线位置,以便顺利吊装入孔。灌注桩钢筋笼定位如图10所示。
(1)桩钢筋笼固定在槽口标记位置后,利用1台200 t和1台135 t履带式起重机缓慢起吊墙钢筋网片,提升至离地面0.5 m时暂停,检查钢筋网是否存在拆焊、变形等情况,如无异常则由主吊竖直吊至槽口上方。墙钢筋网吊运至槽口上方如图11所示。
(2)沿着工字钢中心线、对准槽段中心,将墙钢筋网下放至桩钢筋笼锚入长度1.5 m,随后将桩钢筋笼和墙钢筋网焊接成一个整体,焊接位置长度1.5 m,以保证桩墙刚度。桩墙钢筋笼焊接如图12所示。
(1)桩墙钢筋笼焊接成一个整体后,将其整体上提,然后在两个桩钢筋笼的中部焊一根细钢筋,水平连接两个桩钢筋笼,使其修正成竖直状态,防止吊装下放过程中桩钢筋笼分叉成“八”字形而无法入桩孔。
(2)利用履带式起重机将修正后的桩墙钢筋笼调校对准桩钢筋笼中心,并保持工字钢中心线与槽边线重合,缓慢下放;下放至下部灌注桩孔口时,细钢筋与岩石碰撞后脱落,桩墙钢筋笼顺利下放至设计标高。桩墙钢筋笼一体下放如图13所示。
(1)桩墙钢筋笼吊放入槽孔后,采用灌注桩孔双导管水下混凝土灌注法进行灌注,导管直径300 mm,标准节长3 m;安放灌注导管前,对导管进行水密试验及承压试验,确保导管不发生渗漏。
(2)履带式起重机配合在槽口设置灌注平台,安放导管至两个灌注桩孔内,控制导管底部与桩孔底距离在30~50 cm。
(1)灌注桩墙混凝土前,测量灌注桩孔底沉渣厚度,如超出设计要求则进行二次清孔。
(2)清孔方式采用气举反循环法,通过优质泥浆循环将槽孔底部沉渣置换清出。
(1)二次清孔满足要求后,即进行水下灌注混凝土,采用两套导管同步灌注。
(2)先进行下部灌注桩桩身混凝土灌注,同时提升灌注料斗盖板开始初灌;灌注过程中,相邻两导管内混凝土液面高度差控制在50 cm以内,导管埋入混凝土深度控制在2~4 m。灌注混凝土如图14所示。
(3)导管提升至灌注桩孔口时,二孔同步加大混凝土灌注量,并持续灌入混凝土,使地下连续墙底顺利封底,墙体混凝土液面均匀上升。
(4)灌注至墙顶设计标高后,保持不少于80 cm的超灌高度,以确保凿除浮浆后墙顶标高符合设计要求。
本工艺中桩墙一体化基坑支护技术与单一地下连续墙支护技术相比,地下连续墙成槽深度相对减小,对上部软土层扰动减小,可防止邻近地铁隧道周边地层出现变形,减少对地铁运营的影响[8];同时,桩墙一体化支护结构上部的地连墙位于软土和强风化地层,防渗效果好,下部的灌注桩可嵌入微风化硬岩内,桩墙通过与基坑内支撑结构配合,支挡受力稳定,支护结构安全可靠[12]
本工艺墙下灌注桩结构是利用旋挖钻机在中风化岩面钻两个二合一导(桩)孔至桩底标高,微风化岩面以上深度的孔作为辅助双轮铣铣槽的导孔,微风化岩面以下深度的孔作为灌注桩孔,导孔和桩孔二合一钻进,有效提高施工效率;同时,本工艺微风化岩面以上采用地下连续墙,微风化岩面以下采用灌注桩,形成桩墙一体支护结构,减小了成槽入岩的施工难度和工作量,加快了项目进程。
本工艺中桩墙一体化支护结构的底部灌注桩成孔时,利用了单一地下连续墙入岩时钻铣的导向孔,一孔二用,简化了施工工序,节约了钻孔成本;同时,相较于成槽至微风化岩层、入岩深度大的单一整体型地下连续墙支护,本工艺采用墙下灌注桩替代嵌入微风化岩层部分深度地连墙,减小了硬岩成槽的工作难度和工作量,从而节省了成槽施工配套作业时间,以及机械设备、钢筋、护壁泥浆、混凝土等的成本费用。
在上部软土下部硬岩、地下水位高、基坑深度大、入岩率高,且临近建(构)筑物和地铁运营范围内等复杂地质和环境条件下,采用墙下灌注桩替代嵌入微风化岩层这部分深度地连墙的基坑桩墙一体化支护施工技术,大大减小了硬岩成槽的工作难度和工作量,节省了成槽施工配套作业时间和施工成本,提高了施工效率;同时减小了对上部软土层扰动,大程度地降低了临近建筑及地铁运营的安全风险。该项技术充分考虑了不良地层的影响及对周边环境的保护,具有显著的社会和经济效益,是一种基坑支护施工工艺的突破和创新。
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2025年第25卷第7期
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  • 接收时间:2024-10-17
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2025-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-17
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2.Shenzhen Geokey Foundation Engineering Co., LTD., Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China)
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    1 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司, 广东 深圳 518063
    2 深圳市工勘基础工程有限公司, 广东 深圳 518101
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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