Article(id=1153987693202629093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153987690384053017, articleNumber=1671-1807(2025)04-0265-06, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1725379200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753061706114, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753061706114, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753061706114, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753061706114, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153987690384053017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, year='2025', volume='25', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='391', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753061705442, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1754449620944, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1159809029985288545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153987690384053017, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1159809029985288546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, issueId=1153987690384053017, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=265, endPage=270, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153987693982769653, articleId=1153987693202629093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, language=EN, title=Impact of Financial Science and Technology Expenditures on Enterprises’ Total Factor Productivity: Taking the City of Xi’an as an Example, columnId=1151877659354558495, journalTitle=Science Technology and Industry, columnName=Regional Practice, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Financial S&T expenditure is very important for promoting national S&T innovation and high-quality development. Firstly, the LP method was applied to measure the total factor productivity of enterprises and the economic transformation ability of fiscal S&T expenditures in Xi’an city was discussed. Secondly, taking the Xi’an listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2012 to 2022 as samples, an empirical research on how fiscal S&T expenditures affect the TFP of enterprises was conducted through the method of matching with macro data. The results show that increasing the intensity of fiscal S&T expenditures helps to improve enterprise total economic productivity. In view of this, in order to improve the total industrial productivity of enterprises in Xi’an and to play the role of leverage of fiscal S&T inputs on economic development, not only the input-output structure of fiscal S&T expenditures should be considered, but also relevant suggestions should be put forward from the government’s point of view.
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财政科技支出对于促进国家科技创新、推动高质量发展具有十分重要的意义。首先,运用LP方法测算企业的全要素生产率,探讨西安市财政科技支出的经济转化能力;其次,以沪深2012-2022 年的西安上市公司为样本,通过与宏观数据相匹配的方法,对财政科技支出如何影响企业TFP进行了实证研究。结果表明,提高财政科技支出强度,有助于提高企业全要素生产率。鉴于此,想要提升西安市企业的全要素生产率,发挥财政科技投入对经济发展的杠杆作用,不仅要对财政科技支出的投入产出结构进行考量,还应当从政府视角提出相关建议。
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侯曼(1975—)女,陕西咸阳人,硕士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向为人力资源管理;
宋奕晴(2001—)女,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为会计学。
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侯曼(1975—)女,陕西咸阳人,硕士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向为人力资源管理;
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侯曼(1975—)女,陕西咸阳人,硕士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向为人力资源管理;
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宋奕晴(2001—)女,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为会计学。
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宋奕晴(2001—)女,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为会计学。
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45(16): 117-123., articleTitle=地方财政科技支出能否提升企业创新质量, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1273283808032969660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153987693202629093, awardId=23RKYJ0007, language=CN, fundingSource=西安市科技计划项目(23RKYJ0007), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1273283800218981278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153987693202629093, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1273283800227369887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153987693202629093, companyId=1273283800218981278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Economics and Management, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1273283800239952800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153987693202629093, companyId=1273283800218981278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学经济管理学院, 西安 710021)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1273283805692548020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123222451335185, articleId=1153987693202629093, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 城市 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | 2021年 | 2022年 |
| 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% |
| 北京 | 42 587 | 0.074 | 43 342 | 0.075 | 41 096 | 0.075 | 44 945 | 0.076 | 48 107 | 0.084 |
| 天津 | 10 668 | 0.051 | 10 993 | 0.046 | 11 817 | 0.061 | 10 397 | 0.049 | 10 424 | 0.056 |
| 上海 | 42 640 | 0.060 | 38 954 | 0.054 | 40 620 | 0.058 | 42 270 | 0.054 | 38 625 | 0.051 |
| 广州 | 16 367 | 0.100 | 24 395 | 0.144 | 22 413 | 0.130 | 20 125 | 0.107 | 24 381 | 0.131 |
| 重庆 | 6 859 | 0.030 | 7 923 | 0.037 | 8 287 | 0.040 | 9 280 | 0.041 | 10 694 | 0.051 |
| 成都 | 7 307 | 0.051 | 10 577 | 0.071 | 10 964 | 0.072 | 18 728 | 0.110 | 25 322 | 0.147 |
| 武汉 | 13 441 | 0.088 | 17 643 | 0.113 | 15 267 | 0.124 | 19 022 | 0.120 | 24 656 | 0.164 |
| 郑州 | 3 617 | 0.031 | 6 336 | 0.052 | 6 907 | 0.055 | 8 409 | 0.069 | 8 550 | 0.076 |
| 西安 | 4 823 | 0.070 | 3 479 | 0.050 | 2 327 | 0.032 | 5 735 | 0.067 | 7 458 | 0.077 |
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2018—2022年国家中心9城市财政科技支出情况
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| 城市 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | 2021年 | 2022年 |
| 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% | 金额/百万元 | 占比/% |
| 北京 | 42 587 | 0.074 | 43 342 | 0.075 | 41 096 | 0.075 | 44 945 | 0.076 | 48 107 | 0.084 |
| 天津 | 10 668 | 0.051 | 10 993 | 0.046 | 11 817 | 0.061 | 10 397 | 0.049 | 10 424 | 0.056 |
| 上海 | 42 640 | 0.060 | 38 954 | 0.054 | 40 620 | 0.058 | 42 270 | 0.054 | 38 625 | 0.051 |
| 广州 | 16 367 | 0.100 | 24 395 | 0.144 | 22 413 | 0.130 | 20 125 | 0.107 | 24 381 | 0.131 |
| 重庆 | 6 859 | 0.030 | 7 923 | 0.037 | 8 287 | 0.040 | 9 280 | 0.041 | 10 694 | 0.051 |
| 成都 | 7 307 | 0.051 | 10 577 | 0.071 | 10 964 | 0.072 | 18 728 | 0.110 | 25 322 | 0.147 |
| 武汉 | 13 441 | 0.088 | 17 643 | 0.113 | 15 267 | 0.124 | 19 022 | 0.120 | 24 656 | 0.164 |
| 郑州 | 3 617 | 0.031 | 6 336 | 0.052 | 6 907 | 0.055 | 8 409 | 0.069 | 8 550 | 0.076 |
| 西安 | 4 823 | 0.070 | 3 479 | 0.050 | 2 327 | 0.032 | 5 735 | 0.067 | 7 458 | 0.077 |
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| 变量类型 | 变量名称 | 变量符号 | 说明 |
| 被解释变量 | 企业全要素生产率 | TFP | 运用LP方法 |
| 解释变量 | 财政科技支出强度 | TFI | 财政科技支出/一般公共预算收入 |
| 控制变量 | 企业规模 | Size | 员工总数的对数值 |
| 企业年龄 | Age | 当年年份-成立年份+1 |
| 资产负债率 | LEV | 总资产/总负债 |
| 流动比率 | LR | 流动资产/流动负债 |
| 股权集中度 | Share | 前五位大股东持股比例之和 |
| 研发费用 | RED | 研发费用+1后取对数 |
| 股权性质 | Nature | 国有企业记为1,非国有企业记为0 |
| 总资产收益率 | ROTA | 净利润/资产总额 |
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主要变量及其解释
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| 变量类型 | 变量名称 | 变量符号 | 说明 |
| 被解释变量 | 企业全要素生产率 | TFP | 运用LP方法 |
| 解释变量 | 财政科技支出强度 | TFI | 财政科技支出/一般公共预算收入 |
| 控制变量 | 企业规模 | Size | 员工总数的对数值 |
| 企业年龄 | Age | 当年年份-成立年份+1 |
| 资产负债率 | LEV | 总资产/总负债 |
| 流动比率 | LR | 流动资产/流动负债 |
| 股权集中度 | Share | 前五位大股东持股比例之和 |
| 研发费用 | RED | 研发费用+1后取对数 |
| 股权性质 | Nature | 国有企业记为1,非国有企业记为0 |
| 总资产收益率 | ROTA | 净利润/资产总额 |
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| TFP | TFP | TFP | TFP |
| TFI | 9.964 9*** | 2.660 7** | 10.425 7*** | -46.030 1** |
| (6.160) | (2.012) | (2.917) | (-2.538) |
| Size | | 0.469 5*** | 0.529 6*** | 0.525 0*** |
| | (4.211) | (4.779) | (4.350) |
| Age | | 0.020 3** | -0.028 4 | 0.302 1** |
| | (1.977) | (-1.471) | (2.708) |
| LEV | | 1.566 0*** | 1.487 2*** | 1.537 7*** |
| | (6.705) | (6.492) | (6.353) |
| LR | | 1.275 3*** | 1.136 9** | 1.090 4** |
| | (2.618) | (2.560) | (2.276) |
| Share | | -0.002 6 | -0.004 0 | -0.009 2 |
| | (-0.330) | (-0.526) | (-0.980) |
| RED | | 0.056 7 | 0.002 0 | -0.008 0 |
| | (1.556) | (0.052) | (-0.205) |
| Nature | | -0.057 8 | -0.057 9 | -0.055 3 |
| | (-0.761) | (-0.826) | (-0.803) |
| ROTA | | 3.072 7*** | 2.643 9*** | 2.438 5*** |
| | (4.482) | (4.397) | (4.286) |
| 常数项 | 6.985 1*** | 1.225 8 | 1.956 4** | 1.743 0 |
| (35.506) | (1.370) | (2.139) | (1.389) |
时间固定 效应 | NO | NO | YES | YES |
行业固定 效应 | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| R2 | 0.000 | 0.739 | 0.767 | 0.770 |
| 观测值 | 214 | 214 | 214 | 214 |
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基准回归与稳健性检验
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| TFP | TFP | TFP | TFP |
| TFI | 9.964 9*** | 2.660 7** | 10.425 7*** | -46.030 1** |
| (6.160) | (2.012) | (2.917) | (-2.538) |
| Size | | 0.469 5*** | 0.529 6*** | 0.525 0*** |
| | (4.211) | (4.779) | (4.350) |
| Age | | 0.020 3** | -0.028 4 | 0.302 1** |
| | (1.977) | (-1.471) | (2.708) |
| LEV | | 1.566 0*** | 1.487 2*** | 1.537 7*** |
| | (6.705) | (6.492) | (6.353) |
| LR | | 1.275 3*** | 1.136 9** | 1.090 4** |
| | (2.618) | (2.560) | (2.276) |
| Share | | -0.002 6 | -0.004 0 | -0.009 2 |
| | (-0.330) | (-0.526) | (-0.980) |
| RED | | 0.056 7 | 0.002 0 | -0.008 0 |
| | (1.556) | (0.052) | (-0.205) |
| Nature | | -0.057 8 | -0.057 9 | -0.055 3 |
| | (-0.761) | (-0.826) | (-0.803) |
| ROTA | | 3.072 7*** | 2.643 9*** | 2.438 5*** |
| | (4.482) | (4.397) | (4.286) |
| 常数项 | 6.985 1*** | 1.225 8 | 1.956 4** | 1.743 0 |
| (35.506) | (1.370) | (2.139) | (1.389) |
时间固定 效应 | NO | NO | YES | YES |
行业固定 效应 | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| R2 | 0.000 | 0.739 | 0.767 | 0.770 |
| 观测值 | 214 | 214 | 214 | 214 |
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
| 35%分位数 | 75%分位数 | 95%分位数 |
| TFI | 0.344 0 | 7.056 9** | 13.322 1** |
| (0.181) | (2.453) | (2.513) |
| Size | 0.420 7*** | 0.370 1*** | 0.482 2*** |
| (8.185) | (8.042) | (2.954) |
| Age | 0.023 1*** | 0.005 0 | -0.010 0 |
| (2.625) | (0.556) | (-0.525) |
| LEV | 0.764 9*** | 1.297 4*** | 0.697 8 |
| (3.188) | (4.899) | (1.235) |
| LR | 0.823 4** | -0.130 7 | 0.366 4 |
| (2.552) | (-0.467) | (0.541) |
| Share | 0.017 6*** | 0.015 5*** | 0.015 4* |
| (5.030) | (4.896) | (1.940) |
| RED | 0.126 1*** | 0.088 2* | -0.069 6 |
| (3.307) | (1.868) | (-0.565) |
| Nature | -0.151 5* | -0.105 6 | 0.596 6 |
| (-1.833) | (-0.973) | (1.020) |
| ROTA | 6.422 9*** | 3.219 1* | 2.618 2 |
| (5.025) | (1.837) | (0.952) |
| 常数项 | -0.350 2 | 1.671 6*** | 3.890 2*** |
| (-0.905) | (3.383) | (2.656) |
| 观测值 | 214 | 214 | 214 |
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分位数检验
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
| 35%分位数 | 75%分位数 | 95%分位数 |
| TFI | 0.344 0 | 7.056 9** | 13.322 1** |
| (0.181) | (2.453) | (2.513) |
| Size | 0.420 7*** | 0.370 1*** | 0.482 2*** |
| (8.185) | (8.042) | (2.954) |
| Age | 0.023 1*** | 0.005 0 | -0.010 0 |
| (2.625) | (0.556) | (-0.525) |
| LEV | 0.764 9*** | 1.297 4*** | 0.697 8 |
| (3.188) | (4.899) | (1.235) |
| LR | 0.823 4** | -0.130 7 | 0.366 4 |
| (2.552) | (-0.467) | (0.541) |
| Share | 0.017 6*** | 0.015 5*** | 0.015 4* |
| (5.030) | (4.896) | (1.940) |
| RED | 0.126 1*** | 0.088 2* | -0.069 6 |
| (3.307) | (1.868) | (-0.565) |
| Nature | -0.151 5* | -0.105 6 | 0.596 6 |
| (-1.833) | (-0.973) | (1.020) |
| ROTA | 6.422 9*** | 3.219 1* | 2.618 2 |
| (5.025) | (1.837) | (0.952) |
| 常数项 | -0.350 2 | 1.671 6*** | 3.890 2*** |
| (-0.905) | (3.383) | (2.656) |
| 观测值 | 214 | 214 | 214 |
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