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海螺壳坚硬抗裂,龙虾钳耐冲击,2种生物材料都擅长在外力作用下“带伤工作”。武汉大学土木建筑工程学院石岩松、原亚南团队受此启发,提出一种“混合仿生”复合材料设计策略,把海螺壳的交叉层状结构与龙虾外骨骼中的Bouligand螺旋结构结合起来,试图同时提升材料的承载能力、韧性和抗损伤性能。

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复合材料有了海螺壳和龙虾钳的“双重防护结构”
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    海螺壳坚硬抗裂,龙虾钳耐冲击,2种生物材料都擅长在外力作用下“带伤工作”。武汉大学土木建筑工程学院石岩松、原亚南团队受此启发,提出一种“混合仿生”复合材料设计策略,把海螺壳的交叉层状结构与龙虾外骨骼中的Bouligand螺旋结构结合起来,试图同时提升材料的承载能力、韧性和抗损伤性能。

    . 复合材料有了海螺壳和龙虾钳的“双重防护结构”. 科技导报, 2026 , 44 (13) : 4 -4 .
    . Science & Technology Review, 2026 , 44 (13) : 4 -4 .
    海螺壳坚硬抗裂,龙虾钳耐冲击,2种生物材料都擅长在外力作用下“带伤工作”。武汉大学土木建筑工程学院石岩松、原亚南团队受此启发,提出一种“混合仿生”复合材料设计策略,把海螺壳的交叉层状结构与龙虾外骨骼中的Bouligand螺旋结构结合起来,试图同时提升材料的承载能力、韧性和抗损伤性能。
    研究人员保留海螺壳交叉层状结构的中间层,用连续纤维Bouligand结构替换其内外层,并利用碳纤维预浸料精确制备样品。
    短梁剪切测试显示,这种混合结构在层间剪切强度、刚度、损伤耗散能量、破坏应变和强度保持率等方面表现出综合优势。其关键在于,微裂纹萌生、扩展和塑性变形不再只是失效信号,而成为分散冲击能量、延缓整体破坏的“缓冲机制”。
    研究团队认为,混合多种仿生微结构有望实现可定制的力学性能和可控损伤管理,为航空航天、交通装备、防护装甲和极端环境工程结构中的先进复合材料设计提供新思路。
    (来源于中国科技期刊卓越行动计划入选期刊:《Acta Mechanica Sinica》,2026,42:451054)

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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数

    Family
    属数
    Number of
    genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of
    total species (%)

    Genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of total
    species (%)
    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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