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一轮抗生素治疗后，培养皿里常剩下极少数细菌。它们未必带有耐药突变，只是暂时把代谢和生长速率降低，等药物撤走后重新繁殖。这类“持留细胞”让慢性感染容易反复。过去的解释多把它们看成独自蛰伏的“幸存者”，贝勒医学院等机构的研究发现，“邻居”细胞还会把现成蛋白送过去。2026年6月26日，相关研究成果发表于《Science》

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（图片来源：贝勒医学院官网）

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