Article(id=1273334875328336319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1273334825638420729, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1781516291695, onlineDateStr=2026-06-15, pubDate=1779897600000, pubDateStr=2026-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781516291695, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781516291695, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781516291695, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1273334825638420729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2026', volume='44', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='164', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781516279847, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781519137123, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1273346810031628465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1273334825638420729, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1273346810031628466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1273334825638420729, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=10, endPage=10, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1273334875672269249, articleId=1273334875328336319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=null, columnId=1157710593001177623, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Science and Technology News, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1273334876121059781, articleId=1273334875328336319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=直立人牙齿揭示40万年前北京、河南是一家, columnId=1157710593177338394, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=科技新闻, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

一颗牙齿能保存多少古人类信息?中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所付巧妹等团队,创新酸蚀刻微损取样技术,首次从40万年前直立人牙齿中获得具有系统发育信息的内源性牙釉质蛋白数据。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=ANM/PpHthi/h0IWpO14sOw==, magXml=/wEk4IwQh0KIm3q9owj3Bw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=JCqEpFh/oSsDmnbw192y6g==, pdfFileSize=1409465, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=S2YtHYSphTD8aLFYxx2rIQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=hYzDq2vudKV0lCygGTLV0g==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=null)}, authors=null, keywords=null, refs=null, funds=null, companyList=null, figs=[ArticleFig(id=1273334876280443335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1273334875328336319, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=J6TZPgFcYEkc2PyOdxA5nA==, figureFileBig=S2YtHYSphTD8aLFYxx2rIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1273334876364329416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1273334875328336319, language=CN, label=null, caption=中国中更新世直立人遗址的地理位置(a)和本研究样品信息(b)-(d)

(图片来源:中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所)

, figureFileSmall=J6TZPgFcYEkc2PyOdxA5nA==, figureFileBig=S2YtHYSphTD8aLFYxx2rIQ==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1125356956822126595, delFlag=0, nameCn=科技导报, nameEn=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-7857, eissn=, cn=11-1421/N, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=0, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=aEuqdCNQUjPEKa3rm5A/8Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Rev, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1754267492363, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=aEuqdCNQUjPEKa3rm5A/8Q==, picEn=4AIQ9/oc3H8lvjeELJ6WWw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1159045127382855686, language=CN, name=科技导报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国科学技术协会, publishedBy=科技导报社, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/home, createdTime=1754267492385, updatedTime=1754267492385, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1159045127433187335, language=EN, name=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/home, createdTime=1754267492398, updatedTime=1754267492398, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031591421210625, websiteList=[Website(id=1146104741081231361, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751182263881, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1751778001962, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科技导报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148021146403992296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751639170504, updateTime=1751639170504, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146378826469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751639170498, updateTime=1751639170498, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146366243556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1751639170495, updateTime=1751639170495, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146395603687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751639170502, updateTime=1751639170502, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146387215078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751639170500, updateTime=1751639170500, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1146105254833139715, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751182386363, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753500121937, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science & Technology Review, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155838567709528217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753502988984, updateTime=1753502988984, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567692750998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753502988980, updateTime=1753502988980, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567688556693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1753502988979, updateTime=1753502988979, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567705333912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1753502988983, updateTime=1753502988983, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567701139607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1753502988982, updateTime=1753502988982, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科技导报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science & Technology Review, journalPhotoCn=aEuqdCNQUjPEKa3rm5A/8Q==, journalPhotoEn=4AIQ9/oc3H8lvjeELJ6WWw==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=1, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=0.91, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/Y2026/V44/I10/10, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/Y2026/V44/I10/10, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I10/10, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I10/10, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
直立人牙齿揭示40万年前北京、河南是一家
收藏切换
PDF下载
科技导报 | 科技新闻 2026,44(10): 10-10
收起
收藏切换
科技导报 | 科技新闻 2026, 44(10): 10-10
直立人牙齿揭示40万年前北京、河南是一家
全屏
作者信息
Affiliations
出版时间: 2026-05-28
文章导航
收藏切换

一颗牙齿能保存多少古人类信息?中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所付巧妹等团队,创新酸蚀刻微损取样技术,首次从40万年前直立人牙齿中获得具有系统发育信息的内源性牙釉质蛋白数据。

. 直立人牙齿揭示40万年前北京、河南是一家. 科技导报, 2026 , 44 (10) : 10 -10 .
. Science & Technology Review, 2026 , 44 (10) : 10 -10 .
一颗牙齿能保存多少古人类信息?中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所付巧妹等团队,创新酸蚀刻微损取样技术,首次从40万年前直立人牙齿中获得具有系统发育信息的内源性牙釉质蛋白数据。
研究揭示了中国境内以周口店(北京人)、安徽和县和河南孙家洞为代表的直立人属于同一演化人群,并发现其基因可能通过已知的丹尼索瓦人间接流入现代人群的关键证据,破解了“直立人与现代人是否具有关联性”这一人类演化领域长期悬而未决的重大谜题。2026年5月13日,相关研究成果发表于《Nature》。
直立人是人属中第一个走出非洲并广泛扩散至欧亚大陆及东南亚的关键人群,在人类演化进程中具有不可替代的地位。但与尼安德特人、丹尼索瓦人等其他古人类具有相对丰富的分子数据不同,直立人的古遗传学研究几乎为空白。
横在科学家面前最大的障碍不是化石材料匮乏,而是古老人类化石因稀缺性,往往不被批准用于传统上对化石可能造成损伤的分子研究,尤其是需要大量釉质的牙釉质蛋白研究。牙釉质是人体最坚硬的组织之一,其中残留的蛋白片段虽不像DNA那样信息丰富,却能像古老档案中的“只言片语”,为古人群关系提供稀缺的分子线索。
团队先通过无损方式预筛选化石古蛋白保存情况,再运用酸蚀刻微损技术,对牙釉质表面微量酸蚀、小幅取材,最大限度保护化石完整形态。最终鉴定出多种内源性牙釉质蛋白,获取了大量肽段和氨基酸位点信息。这是全球首次拿到直立人标志性分子数据,同时把东亚古人类蛋白组研究时限,从16万年前推至至少40万年前。
更重要的是,团队在牙釉质蛋白AMBN(ameloblastin,一种参与牙釉质形成的蛋白)中发现了2处值得关注的变异。第1处AMBN-A253G此前从未在其他古人类、现代人或灵长类样本中发现,却同时出现在周口店、和县和孙家洞的6件样本中。这意味着,尽管这些化石在形态上存在差异,它们可能共享某种东亚中更新世直立人的分子特征,同属一个独立演化人群。
第2处AMBN-M273V则把故事引向更复杂的人类演化网络。过去,这一变异被认为丹尼索瓦人专属;本次研究发现,约40万年前的东亚直立人样本同样携带该变异。研究团队据此提出,一些与东亚直立人相关的古老人群,可能曾与丹尼索瓦人发生基因交流;随后,通过丹尼索瓦人间接渗入如今东亚、东南亚、大洋洲部分现代人群基因库。这也证实东亚直立人并非演化史上的孤立群体,而是现代人类古老基因的重要源头之一。
(综合:《Nature》《中国科学报》)
2026年第44卷第10期
PDF下载
42
21
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 首发时间:2026-06-15
  • 出版时间:2026-05-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
基金
作者信息
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/1273334875328336319
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏