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长期以来，人类基因组中约占17% 质量的LINE-1（L1）元件被视为“垃圾DNA”或“遗传寄生虫”。然而，西班牙圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉大学的Jose M. C. Tubio团队发现，这些能够“跳跃”的DNA片段并非癌症混乱后的旁观者，而是诱发基因组崩塌、驱动癌症早期演化的“元凶”。2026年2月26日，相关研究成果发表于《Science》。

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