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2025年11月24日,中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任、空间科学(二期)先导专项负责人王赤在空间科学战略性先导专项最新亮点成果发布会上表示,“十五五”期间,国家空间科学中心将组织实施太空探源科学卫星计划。该计划包括“鸿蒙计划”、“夸父二号”、系外地球巡天和增强型X射线时变与偏振空间天文台(eXTP)等。该计划聚焦宇宙起源、空间天气起源、生命起源等重大前沿问题,力争在宇宙黑暗时代、太阳磁活动周、系外类地行星探测等领域实现突破。

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(图片来源:中国科学院国家空间科学中心)

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“十五五”将实施4项太空探源科学卫星计划
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“十五五”将实施4项太空探源科学卫星计划
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    出版时间: 2025-12-13
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    2025年11月24日,中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任、空间科学(二期)先导专项负责人王赤在空间科学战略性先导专项最新亮点成果发布会上表示,“十五五”期间,国家空间科学中心将组织实施太空探源科学卫星计划。该计划包括“鸿蒙计划”、“夸父二号”、系外地球巡天和增强型X射线时变与偏振空间天文台(eXTP)等。该计划聚焦宇宙起源、空间天气起源、生命起源等重大前沿问题,力争在宇宙黑暗时代、太阳磁活动周、系外类地行星探测等领域实现突破。

    . “十五五”将实施4项太空探源科学卫星计划. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (23) : 2 -2 .
    . Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (23) : 2 -2 .
    2025年11月24日,中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任、空间科学(二期)先导专项负责人王赤在空间科学战略性先导专项最新亮点成果发布会上表示,“十五五”期间,国家空间科学中心将组织实施太空探源科学卫星计划。该计划包括“鸿蒙计划”、“夸父二号”、系外地球巡天和增强型X射线时变与偏振空间天文台(eXTP)等。该计划聚焦宇宙起源、空间天气起源、生命起源等重大前沿问题,力争在宇宙黑暗时代、太阳磁活动周、系外类地行星探测等领域实现突破。
    “鸿蒙计划”旨在探测宇宙黑暗时代与黎明阶段的关键信号,拟由10颗卫星组成的低频射电望远镜阵列,在月球背面相关轨道/区域开展观测,以利用相对“安静”的电磁环境捕捉极微弱的宇宙早期射电信号,从“鸿蒙未开”的虚无中捕捉宇宙诞生的“第一声啼哭”。
    继“夸父一号”成功实现对太阳“一磁两暴”的综合观测后,“夸父二号”计划从太阳极区及拉格朗日L5点等有利观测位置开展探测,突破以往主要局限于黄道面的观测视角。任务有望从高纬度视角获取太阳极区磁场与成像数据,帮助完善太阳发电机模型,并提升对太阳风暴传播的预报能力。
    “系外地球巡天”聚焦“地球2.0”,通过高精度的天体测量或凌星观测技术,寻找与地球大小相近、位于宜居带的候选目标。科学家将通过分析这些行星的轨道特征、质量以及潜在的大气成分,评估其孕育生命的可能性。
    eXTP则是“十五五”期间中国主导的一项重大国际合作空间科学项目。作为“慧眼”卫星的继任者,其主要任务是:研究极端条件下的物质状态与基本物理规律,以“一奇二星三极端”为核心科学目标,通过同时进行X射线能谱、时变与偏振测量,以极高的灵敏度与时间分辨率,观测宇宙中的黑洞、中子星和极端爆发现象。
    (综合:央广网、中国科学院官网、《科技日报》、中国新闻网)

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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数
    科
    Family
    属数
    Number of
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    Number of
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    Percentage of
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    属
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    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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