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    在新生儿的脐带里,潜藏着“父系基因”的秘密,它或许正默默塑造着孩子未来的生长轨迹。

    . 父系基因如何影响宝宝生长. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (7) : 22 -10 .
    . Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (7) : 22 -10 .
    在新生儿的脐带里,潜藏着“父系基因”的秘密,它或许正默默塑造着孩子未来的生长轨迹。
    西班牙一项最新研究发现,几种只来自父亲的印记基因(MA-GEL2、NDNSNORD116和SNORD115)在婴儿出生时表达越高,其出生体重和身长就越低。但令人惊讶的是,这些基因在出生后却反过来“加速”了孩子的成长,尤其是男孩,在6岁前的体重和身高平均比女孩高出1.5 kg和3 cm。研究团队分析了122位健康婴儿的脐带样本,并追踪了他们从出生到6岁的发育数据。他们发现,这些基因表达的“性别差异”非常明显:女孩在胎儿期的生长受这些基因抑制更明显,而男孩则在出生后受益更多,长得更快更高。这些基因原本与罕见疾病“普瑞德-威利综合征”(PWS)相关,但在健康婴儿中也扮演着关键的发育调控角色。研究人员认为,这可能是父系基因推动婴儿争取更多营养、抢占成长先机的一种“进化策略”。
    这项研究不仅揭示了父系基因在婴儿早期生长中的深远影响,还提出了一个有趣的假设:男婴的“迷你青春期”激素波动,可能与这些基因协同作用,进一步加剧了性别间的发育差异。研究人员表示,未来通过脐带基因表达的检测,也许可以预测婴儿的生长趋势,甚至为早期干预儿童肥胖或发育异常提供新思路。
    (来源于中国科技期刊卓越行动计划入选期刊:《World Journal of Pediatrics》,2025,21)

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    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
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