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斯万特·帕博:因人类进化遗传学研究获2022诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
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科技导报 | 科技人文 2023, 41(3): 95-104
斯万特·帕博:因人类进化遗传学研究获2022诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
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陈彪1,朱玥玮1,王燕1,陈羽2,李婷婷1,于菲凡1,吴又进1*
作者信息
    1. 中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥 230026
    2. 贵港市高级中学,贵港 537100

通讯作者:

吴又进(通信作者),副研究员,研究方向为科技史、科技考古,电子信箱:yjwu@ustc.edu.cn
Svante Pääbo: Won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022 for his study of human evolutionary genetics
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出版时间: 2023-02-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.03.011
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因“在已灭绝的古人类的基因组和人类演化方面的发现”,斯万特·帕博获得2022年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。回顾了人类起源的长久之问、生物测序技术的突破发展和帕博团队的科研历程,明确了其源于兴趣、攻坚克难的古DNA领域探索之路和丰硕成果:首次实现了对已灭绝古人类尼安德特人的全基因组测序,发现了未知古人类丹尼索瓦人,为人类的进化遗传学提供了新证据。帕博对人类进化遗传中基因流动探索的科研历程,展现了严谨的科学精神以及理想的科研生态;他的科研成果和理念,实现了古基因组学跨越学科与时代的价值,也引起了人类未来将去往何方的进一步思考。
斯万特·帕博  /  2022诺贝尔生理学或医学奖  /  古DNA  /  尼安德特人  /  进化遗传学
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022 was awarded to Svante Pääbo for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution. This paper reviews the long history of human origin and breakthrough development of biosequencing technology, combs the scientific research progress of Paabo's team, and clarifies the exploration road of ancient DNA and fruitful achievements. Pääbo and his team sequenced the entire genome of the extinct ancient human Neanderthal for the first time in the field of ancient DNA, and discovered the unknown ancient humans Denisovans. Pääbo's work provides a new evidence for the evolutionary genetics of humans. Pääbo's scientific research process of exploring gene flow in human evolution shows the serious spirit of science and the ideal ecology. Pääbo's scientific research achievements and ideas have realized the value of paleogenomics across disciplines and times and inspired us to further think about where humanity will go in the future.
Svante Pääbo  /  the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022  /  ancient DNA  /  Neanderthal  /  evolutionary genetics
陈彪,朱玥玮,王燕,陈羽,李婷婷,于菲凡,吴又进. 斯万特·帕博:因人类进化遗传学研究获2022诺贝尔生理学或医学奖. 科技导报, 2023 , 41 (3) : 95 -104 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.03.011
CHEN Biao, ZHU Yuewei, WANG Yan, CHEN Yu, LI Tingting, YU Feifan, WU Youjin. Svante Pääbo: Won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022 for his study of human evolutionary genetics[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2023 , 41 (3) : 95 -104 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.03.011
2023年第41卷第3期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.03.011
  • 接收时间:2022-11-04
  • 首发时间:2023-04-27
  • 出版时间:2023-02-13
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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-04
  • 修回日期:2023-01-18
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吴又进(通信作者),副研究员,研究方向为科技史、科技考古,电子信箱:yjwu@ustc.edu.cn
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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