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科技导报
| 专稿 2022, 40(3): 6-24
2021年中国重大科学、技术和工程进展
全屏
王康友, 徐丽娇, 刘志远, 祝叶华
作者信息
通讯作者:
祝叶华(通信作者),副编审,研究方向为科技编辑学,电子信箱:zhuyehua@cast.org.cn
Top advances of science,technology and engineering from China in 2021
Affiliations
出版时间: 2022-02-13
doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.03.001
文章导航
本着分门别类、本刊推荐、专家评选、宁缺毋滥、叙述事实的原则，从国内外重要科技期刊和科技新闻媒体所报道的中国科技成果中，按科学、技术和工程3个类别，由《科技导报》编辑部遴选、推荐候选条目，经《科技导报》编委、审稿人等专家通信评选，推选出2021年中国重大科学、技术、工程进展30项。（1）2021年中国重大科学进展10项：阐明新冠病毒逃逸抗病毒药物的分子机制；揭示鸟类迁徙策略变迁的遗传基础；绘制东亚长时间尺度下古人群动态演化遗传图谱；实现基于吸收型量子存储器的量子中继架构；揭示人体正常组织体细胞突变规律；实现超顺电弛豫铁电体中的超高能量存储；利用FAST捕获迄今最大快速射电暴爆发事件样本；“嫦娥五号”月球样品研究为揭示月球演化提供新依据；研制出系列高性能铂合金催化剂；高压合成毫米级极硬的非晶碳材料。（2）2021年中国重大技术进展10项：自供电软机器人成功挑战马里亚纳海沟；首次实现高性能的纤维聚合物锂离子电池；研发成功-271℃超流氦大型低温制冷装备；研制出应用于哺乳动物成像的自适应扫描光场显微成像仪器；世界最大的小鼠全脑神经元数据集建成；12英寸超精密晶圆减薄机正式进入集成电路大生产线；国产宫颈癌疫苗、四价流脑结合疫苗获重大突破；SWQSIM实现每秒4.4百亿亿次的持续计算性能；开发出搜寻暗物质的超灵敏量子精密测量技术；新冠病毒监测、防治取得系列重要进展。（3）2021年中国重大工程进展10项：中国三代和四代核电工程取得新突破；中国首次火星探测任务取得圆满成功；中国强流高功率质子加速器研制再创世界纪录；“海牛II号”刷新世界深海海底钻机钻探深度；中国空间站开启有人长期驻留时代；全球在建规模最大的白鹤滩水电站首批机组投产发电；世界首套设计时速达600 km的高速磁浮交通系统成功下线；中国首个自营超深水大气田“深海一号”全面投产；“海斗一号”跨入万米科考新阶段；世界最大推力整体式固体火箭发动机试车成功。
中国科技成就
/
重大科学进展
/
重大技术进展
/
重大工程进展
For the event sponsored by Science & Technology Review to select Chinese annual top advances in science,technology and engineering,altogether top 10 scientific,top 10 technological and top 10 engineering achievements have been selected from influential academic journals and scientific newspapers during Jan.1 to Dec.31,2021.The selection procedure involved screening and recommending candidates internally,followed by appraisal of experts including editorial board members and external reviewers.This article introduces these selected achievements in a chronological order of publishing.
S&T achievements of China
/
major advance of science
/
major advance of technology
/
major advance of engineering
王康友, 徐丽娇, 刘志远, 祝叶华.
2021年中国重大科学、技术和工程进展.
科技导报,
2022
, 40
(3)
: 6
-24
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.03.001
WANG Kangyou, XU Lijiao, LIU Zhiyuan, ZHU Yehua.
Top advances of science,technology and engineering from China in 2021[J].
Science & Technology Review ,
2022
, 40
(3)
: 6
-24
.
DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.03.001
2022年第40卷第3期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.03.001
接收时间：2022-01-27
首发时间：2022-03-25
出版时间：2022-02-13
收稿日期：2022-01-27
修回日期：2022-02-10
通讯作者:
祝叶华(通信作者),副编审,研究方向为科技编辑学,电子信箱:zhuyehua@cast.org.cn
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.03.001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科 属数 种数 占总种数比例 属 种数 占总种数比例 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78 小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39 红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87 小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26 光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39 红菇属 Russula 17 8.13 栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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