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科技导报 | 综述 2020, 38(16): 105-114
高放废物地质处置的安全管理与策略
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周志超, 王驹, 陈亮, 赵敬波, 张明
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    核工业北京地质研究院, 中核高放废物地质处置评价技术重点实验室, 北京 100029
Safety management and strategy for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste
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出版时间: 2020-08-28 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.16.012
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高放废物在数千年的人类生存环境中仍然存在危害性,目前基于非能动安全所提出的地质处置方案是高放废物安全管理的首选策略,其安全评价的时间尺度高达万年,处置库场址的申请和建造的审批重点在于长期安全性的论证。因此,地质处置的安全评价系统需要简化,以便于计算和预测,从而提高安全评价结果的置信度。介绍了高放废物地质处置的研究进展、地质处置的非能动安全及核技术的安全管理启示。鉴于地质处置安全的不确定性,引入了安全监管的概念。
高放废物  /  非能动安全  /  地质处置  /  放射性废物管理
The high level-radioactive waste might lead to sustainable harms to the environment for thousands of years, and the geological disposal has been considered as a preferred proposal for the high-level radioactive waste safety management based on the passive safety. The time scale of the safety assessment could be up to ten thousand years, and the long-term safety assessment is the focus for the application and approval process of the repository site. Therefore, the safety assessment system needs to be simplified for the calculation and the prediction to improve the reliability of the assessment results. This paper reviews the research progress of the geological disposal for the high-level radioactive waste, the passive safety of the geological disposal and the safe management enlightenment of the nuclear technology. Based on the uncertainty safety principle of the geological disposal, the concept of the safety supervision is introduced to provide the technical support for the safe management of the high-level radioactive waste geological disposal.
High-level radioactive waste  /  passive safety  /  geological disposal  /  radioactive waste management
周志超, 王驹, 陈亮, 赵敬波, 张明. 高放废物地质处置的安全管理与策略. 科技导报, 2020 , 38 (16) : 105 -114 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.16.012
ZHOU Zhichao, WANG Ju, CHEN Liang, ZHAO Jingbo, ZHANG Ming. Safety management and strategy for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2020 , 38 (16) : 105 -114 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.16.012
2020年第38卷第16期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.16.012
  • 接收时间:2019-12-21
  • 首发时间:2020-09-09
  • 出版时间:2020-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-21
  • 修回日期:2020-06-05
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
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占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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