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articleAbstract=从古至今，各种灾难一直伴随着人类历史的发展，地震、海啸、火山、洪涝、干旱、瘟疫、战乱等始终是人类社会发展的巨大威胁，可以说，人类文明史既是一部灾难史，也是一部与灾难抗争的历史。自20世纪70年代新技术革命以来，以微电子技术、生物工程技术、新型材料技术为标志的高新技术逐渐被应用到各类风险防控中，有力推动了世界各国应急处置模式优化和实践创新。特别是近几年，大数据、云计算、人工智能、物联网、5G和区块链等新一代信息技术发展迅速，针对突发事件实时监测、准确预报、及时预警逐渐成为现实，防范化解重大安全风险能力和水平也相应大幅提升，国家层面的应急管理和应急体系建设取得突破性进展。尤其是中国在此次应对新冠肺炎疫情中，新一代信息技术可谓功不可没，“华为云”疫情远程指挥、百度地图迁徙平台、疫情大数据实时报告、平安科技肺部CT影像人工智能系统、阿里AI新药和疫苗研发、达闼科技与中国移动共同定制的5G测温巡查机器人、阿里巴巴菜鸟物流大数据等，在人员追踪、病例确诊、疫情态势研判、药品研制、应急资源调度等方面发挥了重要作用。, authors=陈晓红, authorsList=陈晓红, authorCompany=湖南工商大学, 长沙 410205, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=陈晓红,中国工程院院士,教授,现任湖南工商大学校长、中南大学商学院名誉院长,研究方向为决策理论与决策支持系统、大数据分析、中小企业融资、两型社会与生态文明等。, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=tWATBzqBlMFjuJN8H2yYWw==, pdfFileSize=558850, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, 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