Article(id=1242137045464851277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1242137022492648219, articleNumber=null, orderNo=15, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.16.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1519142400000, receivedDateStr=2018-02-21, revisedDate=1533916800000, revisedDateStr=2018-08-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1535510111653, onlineDateStr=2018-08-29, pubDate=1535385600000, pubDateStr=2018-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1535510111653, onlineIssueDateStr=2018-08-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774078149425, creator=sys-migrate, updateTime=1774078149425, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1242137022492648219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2018', volume='36', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='108', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=3, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774078143949, creator=sys-migrate, updateTime=1774078143949, updator=sys-migrate, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=107, endPage=108, ext={CN=ArticleExt(id=1242137047301956435, articleId=1242137045464851277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=威廉皇帝物理研究所的建立及其初期的基础研究, columnId=1150494646196597053, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=科技人文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=19世纪末20世纪初，科学技术得到空前发展，为西方社会带来了经济和公共领域的变革，同时，使整个社会对科学效用的期望值急剧上升。换言之，社会对科学研究的需求越来越大。这一时期，德国正处于大力发展科学技术的阶段，在各个研究领域都试图赶超英法等传统科学强国。普鲁士王国文化部官员阿特霍夫（Friedrich Theodor Althoff，1839-1908年）和柏林大学教授哈纳克（Adolf von Harnack，1851-1930年）很早就认识到科学研究的规模逐渐扩大到仅仅依靠政府的资助无法来维持的程度，他们提议建立一个专门的研究机构。于是，威廉皇帝科学促进学会（Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaftzur Förderung der Wissenschaften，简称威廉皇帝学会）应运而生^[1]。威廉皇帝学会于1911年1月成立，是德国最早建立的大型科研机构之一，在鼎盛时期拥有众多研究所。学会以科学研究为唯一目标，为科学家提供专心从事研究的场所，并接受来自企业界和工业界的捐献^[2]。学会下属的第一批研究所在1911年和1912年建立，包括威廉皇帝化学研究所以及物理化学和电化学研究所。, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=朱慧涓,讲师,研究方向为近现代物理学史,电子信箱:jualienn@163.com, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=0G7drQV6h2oFZQdSDtes5Q==, pdfFileSize=731629, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=1. 首都师范大学物理系, 北京 100048;
2. 中国科学院自然科学史研究所, 北京 100190;
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