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海藻纤维素气凝胶:从绿潮到新材料
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科技导报 | 专题论文 2014, 32(4-5): 34-39
海藻纤维素气凝胶:从绿潮到新材料
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赵卫1, 卢芸2, 欧阳欢1, 闫小美1, 潘若才1, 杨东江1, 佘希林1, 李坚2, 夏延致1
作者信息
    1. 青岛大学化学化工与环境学院, 纤维与现代纺织国家重点实验室, 青岛 266000;
    2. 东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院, 生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040

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夏延致,qdxyzh@163.com
Algal Cellulose Aerogel:From Environmental Problem (Green Tide) to Novel High-tech Materials
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出版时间: 2014-02-08 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.h1.004
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系统讨论了绿潮浒苔的独特结构和功能特性,旨在制备纳米纤丝化的海藻纤维素和高比表面积的气凝胶材料,并为浒苔的高价值应用提供新的思路。将绿潮肇事种浒苔化学纯化脱去多糖、蛋白、脂肪后,用圆盘胶磨(20000 r/min,20 min)进行纳米纤丝化,制备出均一直径(大约40 nm)和高长径比的Iα纳米纤丝化纤维素。经由叔丁醇置换和冷冻干燥后可以制备出高比表面积(277 cm2/g)、密度为23 mg/cm3的柔性纳米纤丝化纤维素气凝胶。所有这些结果通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)进行分析。在此基础上,采用机械法直接用胶体磨将浒苔原料进行纳米纤丝化,冷冻干燥后制备出全组分的浒苔泡沫材料。
纳米纤丝化  /  纤维素  /  海藻  /  气凝胶  /  泡沫
This paper discusses the special structure and properties of algal cellulose of Ulva prolifera from green tide for preparing nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and aerogels with a high specific surface area. Valuable applications of NFC are reviewed for developing novel applications of Ulva prolifera. NFC was prepared using a simple grinding treatment (20000 r/min, 20 min) after the removal of polysaccharide, ester acid, protein and salt. The obtained cellulose Iα NFC had a uniform width of approximately 40 nm and a high aspect ratio. Grinding is an effective way to convert raw cellulose to nanofibrils. Furthermore, we also prepared flexible algal cellulose aerogel with a low density (23 mg/cm3) and a high specific surface area (277 cm2/g) after t-BuOH freeze-drying. It is also revealed that t-BuOH freeze-drying is an efficient way to assemble 1D NFC to meso- porous materials. All these results were confirmed by SEM, FTIR spectra, and X-ray diffraction profiles. On the basis of that, Ulva prolifera was nanofabrillated without any chemical purification by direct grinding, and algal foam was prepared with freeze-drying to fully use algae from green tide.
nanofibril  /  cellulose  /  algae  /  aerogel  /  foam
赵卫, 卢芸, 欧阳欢, 闫小美, 潘若才, 杨东江, 佘希林, 李坚, 夏延致. 海藻纤维素气凝胶:从绿潮到新材料. 科技导报, 2014 , 32 (4-5) : 34 -39 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.h1.004
ZHAO Wei, LU Yun, OUYANG Huan, YAN Xiaomei, PAN Ruocai, YANG Dongjiang, SHE Xilin, LI Jian, XIA Yanzhi. Algal Cellulose Aerogel:From Environmental Problem (Green Tide) to Novel High-tech Materials[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2014 , 32 (4-5) : 34 -39 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.h1.004
2014年第32卷第4-5期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.h1.004
  • 接收时间:2013-12-11
  • 首发时间:2014-04-09
  • 出版时间:2014-02-08
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  • 收稿日期:2013-12-11
  • 修回日期:2014-01-18
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夏延致,qdxyzh@163.com
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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