Article(id=1242130573095932030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1242130557862216194, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.19.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1361289600000, receivedDateStr=2013-02-20, revisedDate=1366300800000, revisedDateStr=2013-04-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1373212800000, onlineDateStr=2013-07-08, pubDate=1373212800000, pubDateStr=2013-07-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1373212800000, onlineIssueDateStr=2013-07-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774076606294, creator=sys-migrate, updateTime=1774076606294, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1242130557862216194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2013', volume='31', issue='19', pageStart='3', pageEnd='96', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1373212800000', pubDateStr='2013-07-08', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=3, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774076602661, creator='sys-migrate', updateTime=1774076602661, updator='sys-migrate', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=75, endPage=79, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242130575390216336, articleId=1242130573095932030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Worldwide BASIC Situation Analysis on Occupational Radiation Exposures of Nuclear Fuel Cycle, columnId=1242116810380743325, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=The International Labour Organization and the International Basic Safety Standards define occupational exposure as "all exposure of workers incurred in the course of their work, with the exception of exposure excluded from the standards and exposures from practices or sources exempted by the standards". Various national authorities or institutions have used different methods to measure, record, and report the occupational data. The occupational radiation exposures in nuclear fuel cycle at the worldwide levels, which involve the uranium mining and milling, uranium conversion and enrichment, fuel component fabrication, operation of nuclear reactors, fuel reprocessing, and radiative waste management, are provided (data end up at 2004). The five-year average exposures beginning with 1975 has been evaluated. These data originate from the (OECD/NEA) database, the UNSCEAR, and ISOE of IAEA. The data assessment methodology of dose is described, and the occupational radiation exposures in nuclear fuel cycle are analyzed. The results show that in the each link of nuclear fuel cycle, the occupational radiation exposures of uranium mining is maximum, following by the uranium enrichment and conversion as well as nuclear fuel fabrication. In the period of 1975—2004, the trends of total level occupational exposures has decreased, especially after the 1990s, the average effective doses have been decreased significantly, the safety and health of workers has been effectively assured., authors=QIAO Yahua, FU Zhiwei, CHEN Haiying, ZHANG Chunming, authorsList=QIAO Yahua;FU Zhiwei;CHEN Haiying;ZHANG Chunming, authorCompany=Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100082, China, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=6b6cpJKG9k5KfamnaM3WDg==, pdfFileSize=1010979, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242130574610072179, articleId=1242130573095932030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=世界核燃料循环职业照射基本情况分析, columnId=1242116809164390686, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=综述文章, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=准确把握职业照射的水平及其变化趋势,是评价辐射防护管理水平和开展辐射防护最优化的重要参考。本文总结了世界核燃料循环体系工作人员职业照射(数据截至到2004年)的基本情况,所涉及的活动主要包括铀矿开采和冶炼、铀转化和浓缩、核燃料元件生产、核电运行、核燃料后处理及放射性废物管理等方面,数据每5年为一个时间段,主要来源于(OECD/NEA)数据库和IAEA的ISOE消息系统及UNSCEAR。文中在介绍受照剂量的数据评估方法基础上,对核燃料循环各项活动中工作人员受到的职业照射剂量情况进行了分析比较。结果表明,在核燃料循环的各个环节,铀矿开采受到的职业照射剂量最大,其次是铀浓缩与转化和燃料制造;在1975—2004年间;核燃料循环体系职业照射的整体水平呈下降趋势,尤其是20世纪90年代后,有效剂量明显降低,从事相关职业的工作人员的安全和健康得到了有效保障。, authors=乔亚华, 付陟玮, 陈海英, 张春明, authorsList=乔亚华;付陟玮;陈海英;张春明, authorCompany=环境保护部核与辐射安全中心安全研究所, 北京 100082, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=/u1KkUuq+m8ZQi5cMNGVcw==, pdfFileSize=1010979, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1277367103703400665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, articleId=1242130573095932030, orderNo=null, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=null, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=null, authorType=null, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=null, tenantId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, authorId=1277367103703400665, language=EN, stringName=QIAO Yahua;FU Zhiwei;CHEN Haiying;ZHANG Chunming, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=null, tenantId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, authorId=1277367103703400665, language=CN, stringName=乔亚华;付陟玮;陈海英;张春明, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)], keywords=[Keyword(id=1242130574341640321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=核燃料循环), Keyword(id=1242130574412943490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=职业照射), Keyword(id=1242130574480052355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=有效剂量), Keyword(id=1242130575079837834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=nuclear fuel cycle), Keyword(id=1242130575159529612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=occupational radiation exposure), Keyword(id=1242130575255998606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242130573095932030, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=effective dose)], refs=null, funds=null, companyList=null, figs=null, attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1125356956822126595, delFlag=0, nameCn=科技导报, nameEn=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-7857, eissn=, cn=11-1421/N, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=0, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Rev, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1774230116083, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, picEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1242774439910290156, language=CN, name=科技导报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国科学技术协会, publishedBy=科技导报社, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/home, createdTime=1774230116107, updatedTime=1774230116107, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1242774439960621805, language=EN, name=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/home, createdTime=1774230116119, updatedTime=1774230116119, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031591421210625, websiteList=[Website(id=1146104741081231361, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751182263881, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1751778001962, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科技导报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148021146403992296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751639170504, updateTime=1751639170504, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146378826469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751639170498, updateTime=1751639170498, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146366243556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1751639170495, updateTime=1751639170495, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146395603687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751639170502, updateTime=1751639170502, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146387215078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751639170500, updateTime=1751639170500, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1146105254833139715, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751182386363, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753500121937, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science & Technology Review, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155838567709528217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753502988984, updateTime=1753502988984, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567692750998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753502988980, updateTime=1753502988980, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567688556693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1753502988979, updateTime=1753502988979, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567705333912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1753502988983, updateTime=1753502988983, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567701139607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1753502988982, updateTime=1753502988982, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科技导报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science & Technology Review, journalPhotoCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPhotoEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=1, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=0.91, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=null, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.19.012, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.19.012, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/PDF/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.19.012, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/PDF/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.19.012, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=0, orderTime=1373212800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)