科技导报

半骨盆截肢后自体下肢长骨重建坐姿的生物力学研究

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科技导报 | 研究论文 2009,27(0920): 22-26

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科技导报 |研究论文 2009 , 27 (0920) : 22 -26

半骨盆截肢后自体下肢长骨重建坐姿的生物力学研究

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牛文鑫

Reconstructed Pelvis with Autogenous Lower-extremity Long Bones after Hindquarter Amputation: Biomechanical Analysis in the Sitting Posture

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出版时间: 2009-10-28

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利用截肢后废弃的自体长骨重建半骨盆环是一种有效的生物学重建方法，其生物力学性质从未被研究过。本文旨在应用有限元分析方法研究半骨盆截肢后自体骨重建坐骨结节和骨盆环的可行性，对重建骨盆应力分布进行研究。评价了分别使用股骨髁和胫骨平台替代坐骨结节的重建方案，连同完整模型共建立3个有限元模型。对3个模型模拟坐姿进行计算，对von Mises应力比较分析。模型可靠性经过尸体标本应变与位移测试验证。重建骨盆的应力分布与完整骨盆明显不同，股骨髁重建模型应力主要集中在股骨与骶骨左侧耳状面接触处、右骶髂关节和接骨长钉左侧。与重建股骨不同，重建用胫骨最大应力位于胫骨干部，分布面积较大。从生物力学角度看，使用自体下肢骨重建半骨盆环应该优先考虑股骨重建方案。在实际手术设计中也要注意适当增加长钉的直径，并在保证强度的条件下适当降低其刚度。

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半骨盆截肢 / 自体骨 / 骨盆重建 / 生物力学 / 有限元方法

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After hindquarter amputation, the pelvis reconstruction using abandoned autogenous lower-extremity long bones is an effective biological reconstruction method. However, the bio- mechanical effects of this reconstruction have never been well studied. The objective of the present study is to estimate the feasibility of the operation using the finite element simulation, and to analyze the stress distributions before and after the reconstruction under sitting posture. Two operative schemes, the ischiadic tuberosity replacement with condyles of femur and tibial plateau, respectively, are considered. With additionally the intact model, three finite element models are constructed, and the intact model is validated through stress and displacement measurements in a cadaver specimen. Normal sitting posture is considered in the simulations of these models, and von Mises stresses are used as indexes in comparison. The stress distributions are found to be significantly different before and after the reconstructions. In the model of condyles of femur reconstruction, severe stresses are mainly distributed at the contact surface between femur and the facies auricularis of the left sacral bone, the right iliosacral articulation, and the left long bar. In the model of tibial plateau reconstruction, the peak stresses in the remained iliac and sacral bones, the bridging bone, and long bar are greater than those in the model of condyles of femur reconstruction. Compared with the peak stress in the grafted femur of the latter model, the peak stress in the tibial of the former model is distributed at the shaft of bone, with a broader distribution area. From the view point of biomechanics, the reconstruction with condyles of femur shows a better performance. In the operation design, the diameter of long bars should be appropriately great, and the rigidity of the bars should be reduced as long as a sufficient strength is allowed.

Key words

hindquarter amputation / autogenous bone / pelvis reconstruction / biomechanics / finite element method

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牛文鑫;樊瑜波;倪明;梅炯. 半骨盆截肢后自体下肢长骨重建坐姿的生物力学研究. 科技导报, 2009 , 27 (0920) : 22 -26 .

. Reconstructed Pelvis with Autogenous Lower-extremity Long Bones after Hindquarter Amputation: Biomechanical Analysis in the Sitting Posture[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2009 , 27 (0920) : 22 -26 .

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2009年第27卷第0920期

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接收时间：2009-09-14
首发时间：2009-10-28
出版时间：2009-10-28

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收稿日期：2009-09-14
修回日期：2009-10-12

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/1242117625417896186

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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