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近45年霜冻指标变化对我国酿酒葡萄产区的影响
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近45年霜冻指标变化对我国酿酒葡萄产区的影响
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李华1,王华1,游杰1,火兴三1,王耀祺2
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    1西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院2西北农林科技大学信息工程学院
Relationship Between Frost Indexes and Viticulture Zoning in China in Recent 45 Years
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    在对近45 a全国504个气象站点气象资料进行分析整理的基础上,用ArcGIS软件作图,分析了气候变化引起的无霜期、初霜日、终霜日以及极限低温变化对我国酿酒葡萄栽培的影响,并对50 a后我国的无霜期分布进行了预测。结果表明,近45 a特别是在20世纪80年代以后,我国的无霜期显著变长,终霜日提前,初霜日推迟,终霜日变化大于初霜日变化,埋土防寒线明显向北推移;霜冻指标变化明显受到我国阶梯形地貌的影响,在同一阶梯内霜冻指标变化影响面积大,但是在阶梯抬升地区变化更为显著;对50 a后的无霜期预测表明,50 a后我国北部除少数地区以外,都能够种植酿酒葡萄。
    气候变化  /  霜冻指标  /  埋土防寒线  /  葡萄产区
    Based on the analysis of nationwide climatic data in recent 45 years, the software ArcGIS is used to map the variation of Frost Free Period (FFP), Last Frost Day (LFD), First Frost Day (FFD) and minimum temperature. Their effects on viticulture zoning in China are studied. Based on the trend of FFP variation rate, the distribution of FFP in 50 years is predicted. It is found that in recent 45 years, especially after the 80s of the last century, the duration of FFP is increased, LFD is advanced, FFD is delayed, and the bury line of -15℃ is moved northward, the variation of LFD is more significant than FFD; the variation of frost indexes is influenced by the step-terrain of China, the area affected by frost indexes change is wide in a same step, but in the areas with a higher step, the variation of those frost indexes is more significant. The prediction of the future shows that the whole territory of north China is suitable for grapevine growing, except some small areas.
    李华;王华;游杰;火兴三;王耀祺. 近45年霜冻指标变化对我国酿酒葡萄产区的影响. 科技导报, 2007 , 25 (0715) : 16 -22 .
    . Relationship Between Frost Indexes and Viticulture Zoning in China in Recent 45 Years[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2007 , 25 (0715) : 16 -22 .

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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数

    Family
    属数
    Number of
    genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of
    total species (%)

    Genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of total
    species (%)
    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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