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中国于2021年起实施了长江“十年禁渔”，这是全球范围内规模最大、影响力最强的内陆水域生态保护行动之一。中国科学院水生生物研究所联合湖南科技大学淡水与海洋生物与生态保护研究所，基于6年（2018—2023年）对长江干流57个河段的鱼类群落连续监测数据，系统评估了禁渔实施前后鱼类生物量、物种多样性、群落结构及环境因子的变化，并量化了水质、水文、气候变化、土地利用、岸线开发、航运及渔业捕捞等多重压力因子对鱼类多样性影响的生态学机制。2026年2月12日，相关研究成果发表于《Science》。

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（图片来源：新华网）

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