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全氟及多氟化合物(PFAS)是一类人工合成的化学品,被广泛应用于工业生产和消费品制造中。由于这类物质在环境中难以降解,可通过食物链富集,在人体内长期蓄积,对人体健康构成潜在威胁。南方科技大学、宁波东方理工大学、东南大学及福州大学联合团队首次系统性地评估了全球212种可食用海鱼中PFAS的富集浓度。2025年12月19日,相关研究成果发表于《Science》

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    全氟及多氟化合物(PFAS)是一类人工合成的化学品,被广泛应用于工业生产和消费品制造中。由于这类物质在环境中难以降解,可通过食物链富集,在人体内长期蓄积,对人体健康构成潜在威胁。南方科技大学、宁波东方理工大学、东南大学及福州大学联合团队首次系统性地评估了全球212种可食用海鱼中PFAS的富集浓度。2025年12月19日,相关研究成果发表于《Science》

    . 永久化学品借全球海鱼贸易悄然渗透餐桌. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (24) : 10 -10 .
    . Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (24) : 10 -10 .
    全氟及多氟化合物(PFAS)是一类人工合成的化学品,被广泛应用于工业生产和消费品制造中。由于这类物质在环境中难以降解,可通过食物链富集,在人体内长期蓄积,对人体健康构成潜在威胁。南方科技大学、宁波东方理工大学、东南大学及福州大学联合团队首次系统性地评估了全球212种可食用海鱼中PFAS的富集浓度。2025年12月19日,相关研究成果发表于《Science》。
    研究团队整合了全球3126个监测点长达20年的海水数据,构建了覆盖全球研究区域捕捞量99% 的海洋食物网模型。通过高效液相色谱与质谱联用技术对87种鱼类样本进行实测验证,研究发现海鱼体内的PFAS浓度与海域的排放历史、稀释能力密切相关。更重要的是,研究证实了PFAS在海洋食物链中具有显著的“生物放大”效应,即处于营养级越高的鱼类,其体内积聚的污染物浓度越高。
    跨国食品贸易正在改变全球人群的PFAS暴露路径。研究指出,PFAS正随着全球鱼类贸易,从污染物高残留区域向低残留区域转移。这一发现揭示了全球贸易对PFAS暴露格局的重塑潜力:即使是身处环境污染较低地区的消费群体,也可能因摄入进口高风险海鱼而面临较高的健康威胁。这一结论为全球食品安全监管提供了全新的视角。
    长链PFAS同系物的潜在威胁引起了科研人员的高度关注。数据显示,碳链更长的PFAS(如C9-C11)具有更强的生物累积潜力,能显著提升人群的每日预估摄入量。由于这些长链化合物具有更高的毒理学风险,现有的参考摄入标准可能需要进一步收紧。研究强调,长链PFAS对人类健康的潜在威胁尚未被完全认知,是未来环境治理中亟需关注的重点。
    (来源:《Science》)

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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数

    Family
    属数
    Number of
    genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of
    total species (%)

    Genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of total
    species (%)
    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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