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2025年10月31日23时44分,搭载神舟二十一号载人飞船的长征二号F遥二十一运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心点火发射,发射取得圆满成功。由中国科学院牵头负责的空间应用系统,本次共上行6项科学实验,1项锂电池光电表征和测试、2项流体科学领域研究和3项生命科学领域研究。

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(图片来源:《明日科学》)

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空间科学实验聚集小鼠行为、胶体自组织与电池性能
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科技导报 | 科技新闻 2025,43(21): 7-7
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科技导报 |科技新闻 2025 , 43 (21) : 7 -7
空间科学实验聚集小鼠行为、胶体自组织与电池性能
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    出版时间: 2025-11-13
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    2025年10月31日23时44分,搭载神舟二十一号载人飞船的长征二号F遥二十一运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心点火发射,发射取得圆满成功。由中国科学院牵头负责的空间应用系统,本次共上行6项科学实验,1项锂电池光电表征和测试、2项流体科学领域研究和3项生命科学领域研究。

    . 空间科学实验聚集小鼠行为、胶体自组织与电池性能. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (21) : 7 -7 .
    . Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (21) : 7 -7 .
    2025年10月31日23时44分,搭载神舟二十一号载人飞船的长征二号F遥二十一运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心点火发射,发射取得圆满成功。由中国科学院牵头负责的空间应用系统,本次共上行6项科学实验,1项锂电池光电表征和测试、2项流体科学领域研究和3项生命科学领域研究。
    模型小鼠在轨饲养实验。这是中国首次将哺乳动物(2雌2雄小鼠)送入空间站。实验通过多维度视频监测小鼠空间行为,研究失重、密闭等空间条件对小鼠行为模式的影响,从而掌握空间小型哺乳动物饲养和监测关键核心技术,并初步探究小鼠在空间环境的应激响应和适应性变化规律,为未来系统开展哺乳动物空间科学研究奠定重要基础。这些小鼠将在轨饲养5~7 d后随神舟二十号载人飞船返回,并开展进一步的科学研究。
    分子手性与生命起源探索。手性是生命分子的基本特征(如左旋氨基酸、右旋核苷来构建蛋白质和RNA),但重力对其选择性的影响机制尚不明确。实验采用左旋/右旋氨基酸与右旋核苷的混合体系,在微重力环境下观察竞争成肽反应,探究分子手性与重力环境对生物分子手性起源的调控作用。
    活性胶体自组织行为研究。活性胶体是能自主运动的微观颗粒,其集群动力学对理解群体智能和设计微纳机器人至关重要。实验在微重力条件下系统观测不同驱动力和浓度下的胶体运动,揭示其自组织原理,为胶体微纳机器人的三维集群操控提供理论支持。例如,研究成果可能用于开发可在血管中自主导航的药物递送系统。
    锂离子电池太空性能优化。锂离子电池因自身质量轻,寿命长,是完成各类太空任务的重要供电来源。由中国科学院大连化学物理所研制的实验项目,通过原位光学观测研究微重力下锂枝晶生长规律。锂枝晶是导致电池短路的主要原因,而太空环境能更清晰地展现其全流程演化过程。载荷专家张洪章研究员将在轨道上精细调节光学设备,实践“现场决策、快速响应”的实验模式,为下一代高可靠太空电池研制奠定基础。
    空间站还将开展在轨智能算力平台试验等搭载项目,为后续科学研究提供依据,以及进一步奠定在轨应用基础。
    此前神舟二十号航天员乘组已在轨飞行6个月,在空间科学与应用方面取得了阶段性成果:空间环境下获得了高质量的蛋白晶体,有望为肿瘤治疗提供潜在靶点;钨合金被成功加热到3100℃,刷新了国际空间材料科学实验最高加热温度的纪录;首次发现带电胶体在微重力下结晶形成长寿命亚稳态结构等。
    (综合:中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心、央视新闻网、中国载人航天工程网)

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    • 首发时间:2025-12-29
    • 出版时间:2025-11-13
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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数
    科
    Family
    属数
    Number of
    genus
    种数
    Number of
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    占总种数比例
    Percentage of
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    属
    Genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of total
    species (%)
    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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