Article(id=1208362381751731200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1742486400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-21, revisedDate=1755878400000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-23, acceptedDate=1758124800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-09-18, onlineDate=1766025642096, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1760284800000, pubDateStr=2025-10-13, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764000000000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766025642096, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774080094665, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1208362378329174732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2025', volume='43', issue='19', pageStart='1', pageEnd='136', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760284800000', pubDateStr='2025-10-13', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766025641281, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1778551765812, updator='13041195026', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1260900752743064342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1260900752743064343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=16, endPage=22, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208362382934523909, articleId=1208362381751731200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Biomass industry aids agriculture to develop New Quality Productivity, the modern agro−golden touch, columnId=1150494641880182997, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Commentary, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Crop yield per unit area, efficiency and the value of products are three essential factors of agro−productivity. Since 1949, the level of crop yield per unit area has been always incresed. In recent years, agricultural mechanization extended in rapid speed and raised production efficiecies. However, the levels of agricultural products’ prices have kept almost still. And the upgrading of their values has been proved very difficult. This paper analysed a few demonstrating techniques of themal chemical and microbial transition for biomass, which their technical bottlenecks have already been overcome, and expressing abilities of 'golden tough' by biomass manufacturing,as well as revealed the huge potentials of inducing an agricultural New Quality Productive Forces. Nevertheless, if some agro−products could possess same compositions with several industrial consumer goods, chemicals and special commodity energies, then they could substitute for above metioned goods and values be significantly boosted. The national goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is compulsorily demanding the 'green transition' by means of agro−biomass for the manufacturing of a lot of industrial goads. And the breakthrough of thermal−chemical transition technique for biomass provides the possibility for it.

, authors=null, authorsList=Xu CHENG, Wanbin ZHU, Hongliang WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208362383421063188, articleId=1208362381751731200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=现代农业“点金术”——生物质产业, columnId=1150494642043760854, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=科技评论, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

农产品单产水平、生产效率和产值是衡量农业生产力的3大要素。多年来,中国的农产品尤其是粮食作物的单产水平一直在稳定地提高;随着大力普及农业机械化,农业生产效率也有可观的提高。但是,由于多种原因,农产品的产值一直在较低水平踏步不前,提高的难度较大。分析了正在示范和推广中的生物质热化学转化技术和微生物技术,生物质制造作为一种能“点石成金”技术的前景,以及克服技术瓶颈后具备成为农业新质生产力的巨大潜力。提出如果农产品能部分替代若干价值为己数倍乃至数十倍的大宗工业品、化学品和特种商品能源,尤其是石化产品,则其价值将会大幅度提高。“双碳”目标的提出,对高碳足迹工业品依靠农林生物质实施绿色转型提出了强制性要求;而生物质热化学转化等技术的突破,则为农产物对工业品实施部分绿色替代提供了可能。

, authors=

程序,教授,研究方向为生物质工程,可持续农业与农村发展,电子信箱:

, authorsList=程序, 朱万斌, 王洪亮, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=bpmt2Wu+FWWvnSzwBpYCsQ==, magXml=bpmt2Wu+FWWvnSzwBpYCsQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=HF0wkFtUBsq96IX+ysmqXw==, pdfFileSize=820702, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=uhTd8S4DR82b8mbsH07BTw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=YfUPuMTGLwSFdbfUNKO69A==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1242145218187834256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chengxu@cau.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218259137427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218187834256, language=EN, stringName=Xu CHENG, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218334634902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218187834256, language=CN, stringName=程序, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio={"content":"

程序,教授,研究方向为生物质工程,可持续农业与农村发展,电子信箱:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

程序,教授,研究方向为生物质工程,可持续农业与农村发展,电子信箱:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1242145218414326681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218485629852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218414326681, language=EN, stringName=Wanbin ZHU, firstName=Wanbin, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218544350111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218414326681, language=CN, stringName=朱万斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1242145218607264674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218678567845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218607264674, language=EN, stringName=Hongliang WANG, firstName=Hongliang, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218754065319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218607264674, language=CN, stringName=王洪亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1242145220297569197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=biomass golden touch), Keyword(id=1242145220364678063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=biomass thermal−chemical transition), Keyword(id=1242145220431786929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=biomass manufacturing), Keyword(id=1242145220503090100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Agro–New Quality Productivity), Keyword(id=1242145220641502135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=生物质“点金术”), Keyword(id=1242145220742165434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=生物质热化学转化), Keyword(id=1242145220859605946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=生物质制造), Keyword(id=1242145220964463549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=农业新质生产力)], refs=[Reference(id=1242145221518111684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.1016/j.rser.2020.110371, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=135, issue=null, pageStart=110371, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu B T, Lin R C, O’Shea R, et al. Production of advanced fuels through integration of biological, thermo−chemical and power to gas technologies in a circular cascading bio−based system[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 135: 110371., articleTitle=Production of advanced fuels through integration of biological, thermo−chemical and power to gas technologies in a circular cascading bio−based system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221585220549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huber G W. Breaking the chemical and engineering barriers to lignocellulosic biofuels: Next generation hydrocarbon biorefineries[M]. Washington, DC: National Science Foundation, Chemical, Biogengineering, Environmental and Transport Systems Division, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221656523719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=7, pageStart=48, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程序, 颉二旺. 准确定位生物质应用方向——生物质调峰、消纳、储能, 耦合发电和生物质化工[J]. 科技导报, 2025, 43(7): 48- 53., articleTitle=准确定位生物质应用方向——生物质调峰、消纳、储能, 耦合发电和生物质化工, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221736215497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.1007/s12649-010-9014-x, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=1, issue=1, pageStart=3, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=Waste and Biomass Valorization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nzihou A. Toward the valorization of waste and biomass[J]. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2010, 1(1): 3- 7., articleTitle=Toward the valorization of waste and biomass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221815907275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.1126/science.1218930, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=337, issue=6095, pageStart=695, pageEnd=699, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tuck C O, Pérez E, Horváth I T, et al. Valorization of biomass: Deriving more value from waste[J]. Science, 2012, 337(6095): 695- 699., articleTitle=Valorization of biomass: Deriving more value from waste, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221866238925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.099, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=157, issue=null, pageStart=197, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Queirós D, Rossetti S, Serafim L S. PHA production by mixed cultures: A way to valorize wastes from pulp industry[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 157: 197- 205., articleTitle=PHA production by mixed cultures: A way to valorize wastes from pulp industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145221945930703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=111, issue=33, pageStart=12013, pageEnd=12018, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Linger J G, Vardon D R, Guarnieri M T, et al. Lignin valorization through integrated biological funneling and chemical catalysis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014, 111(33): 12013- 12018., articleTitle=Lignin valorization through integrated biological funneling and chemical catalysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222025622482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.3389/fchem.2022.973417, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=973417, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=Frontiers in Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Calvo−Flores F G, Martin−Martinez F J. Biorefineries: Achievements and challenges for a bio−based economy[J]. Frontiers in Chemistry, 2022, 10: 973417., articleTitle=Biorefineries: Achievements and challenges for a bio−based economy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222092731348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.3390/su17010335, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=17, issue=1, pageStart=335, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Sustainability, refType=null, unstructuredReference=da Paixão Cansado I P, Mourão P A M, Castanheiro J E, et al. A review of the biomass valorization hierarchy[J]. Sustainability, 2025, 17(1): 335., articleTitle=A review of the biomass valorization hierarchy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222180811735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=10.1002/bbb.2670, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=18, issue=6, pageStart=2078, pageEnd=2090, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pandey A, Sharma Y C. Advancements in biomass valorization in integrated biorefinery systems[J]. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2024, 18(6): 2078- 2090., articleTitle=Advancements in biomass valorization in integrated biorefinery systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222256309209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kelley H W. Always something new, acavalcade of scientific discovery[M]. New York: USDA ARS Publication, 1993., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222310835163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopts revised strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping[EB/OL], (2023−07−14) [2025−02−07]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1771722320018241109&wfr=spider&for=pc., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222386332637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=秸秆变身显生态“本色”[EB/OL]. (2017−08−16) [2025−02−07]. https://m.haiwainet.cn/middle/3542878/2017/0816/content_31071398_2.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222466024415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=1, issue=2, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=林业工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周建斌, 张齐生. 生物质气化多联产技术的集成创新与应用[J]. 林业工程学报, 2016, 1(2): 1- 8., articleTitle=生物质气化多联产技术的集成创新与应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222533133281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=生物基PET现状及未来思考[EB/OL]. (2020−12−26)[2025−02−07]. http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3408870-1264224.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222604436451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=芦苇秸秆乳酸“万吨级”投产![EB/OL]. (2024−12−22) [2025−02−07]. https://business.sohu.com/a/840589206_121123735., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242145222671545317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Top value added chemicals: The biobased economy[EB/OL]. (2017−03−16) [2025−02−07]. https://communities.acs.org/t5/GCI-Nexus-Blog/Top-Value-Added-Chemicals-The-Biobased-Economy-12-Years-Later/ba-p/15759., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242145221228704703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=xJEDqGDGSIHY0LKpQyqKrA==, figureFileBig=avhBbuUlf8MsU1ZMyWJ9jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242145221316785089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, language=CN, label=图1, caption=生物质化工与石油化工/煤化工的对比, figureFileSmall=xJEDqGDGSIHY0LKpQyqKrA==, figureFileBig=avhBbuUlf8MsU1ZMyWJ9jA==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1125356956822126595, delFlag=0, nameCn=科技导报, nameEn=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-7857, eissn=, cn=11-1421/N, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=0, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Rev, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1784015846012, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, picEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283818766098219763, language=CN, name=科技导报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国科学技术协会, publishedBy=科技导报社, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/home, createdTime=1784015846037, updatedTime=1784015846037, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283818766144357108, language=EN, name=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/home, createdTime=1784015846048, updatedTime=1784015846048, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031591421210625, websiteList=[Website(id=1146104741081231361, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751182263881, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1751778001962, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科技导报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148021146403992296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751639170504, updateTime=1751639170504, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146378826469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751639170498, updateTime=1751639170498, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146366243556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1751639170495, updateTime=1751639170495, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146395603687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751639170502, updateTime=1751639170502, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146387215078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751639170500, updateTime=1751639170500, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1146105254833139715, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751182386363, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753500121937, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science & Technology Review, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155838567709528217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753502988984, updateTime=1753502988984, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567692750998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753502988980, updateTime=1753502988980, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567688556693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1753502988979, updateTime=1753502988979, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567705333912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1753502988983, updateTime=1753502988983, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567701139607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1753502988982, updateTime=1753502988982, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科技导报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science & Technology Review, journalPhotoCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPhotoEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=1, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=0.91, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/PDF/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/PDF/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1760284800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
现代农业“点金术”——生物质产业
收藏切换
PDF下载
程序 , 朱万斌 , 王洪亮
科技导报 | 科技评论 2025,43(19): 16-22
收起
收藏切换
科技导报 |科技评论 2025 , 43 (19) : 16 -22
现代农业“点金术”——生物质产业
全屏
[Author(id=1242145218187834256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chengxu@cau.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218259137427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218187834256, language=EN, stringName=Xu CHENG, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218334634902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218187834256, language=CN, stringName=程序, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio={"content":"

程序,教授,研究方向为生物质工程,可持续农业与农村发展,电子信箱:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

程序,教授,研究方向为生物质工程,可持续农业与农村发展,电子信箱:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1242145218414326681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218485629852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218414326681, language=EN, stringName=Wanbin ZHU, firstName=Wanbin, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218544350111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218414326681, language=CN, stringName=朱万斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1242145218607264674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218678567845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218607264674, language=EN, stringName=Hongliang WANG, firstName=Hongliang, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242145218754065319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, authorId=1242145218607264674, language=CN, stringName=王洪亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242145218116531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218120725389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242145218129113999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362381751731200, companyId=1242145218116531084, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193)])])]
程序 , 朱万斌, 王洪亮
作者信息
  • 中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193
Biomass industry aids agriculture to develop New Quality Productivity, the modern agro−golden touch
Xu CHENG , Wanbin ZHU, Hongliang WANG
Affiliations
  • Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
出版时间: 2025-10-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105
文章导航
收藏切换

农产品单产水平、生产效率和产值是衡量农业生产力的3大要素。多年来,中国的农产品尤其是粮食作物的单产水平一直在稳定地提高;随着大力普及农业机械化,农业生产效率也有可观的提高。但是,由于多种原因,农产品的产值一直在较低水平踏步不前,提高的难度较大。分析了正在示范和推广中的生物质热化学转化技术和微生物技术,生物质制造作为一种能“点石成金”技术的前景,以及克服技术瓶颈后具备成为农业新质生产力的巨大潜力。提出如果农产品能部分替代若干价值为己数倍乃至数十倍的大宗工业品、化学品和特种商品能源,尤其是石化产品,则其价值将会大幅度提高。“双碳”目标的提出,对高碳足迹工业品依靠农林生物质实施绿色转型提出了强制性要求;而生物质热化学转化等技术的突破,则为农产物对工业品实施部分绿色替代提供了可能。

生物质“点金术”  /  生物质热化学转化  /  生物质制造  /  农业新质生产力

Crop yield per unit area, efficiency and the value of products are three essential factors of agro−productivity. Since 1949, the level of crop yield per unit area has been always incresed. In recent years, agricultural mechanization extended in rapid speed and raised production efficiecies. However, the levels of agricultural products’ prices have kept almost still. And the upgrading of their values has been proved very difficult. This paper analysed a few demonstrating techniques of themal chemical and microbial transition for biomass, which their technical bottlenecks have already been overcome, and expressing abilities of 'golden tough' by biomass manufacturing,as well as revealed the huge potentials of inducing an agricultural New Quality Productive Forces. Nevertheless, if some agro−products could possess same compositions with several industrial consumer goods, chemicals and special commodity energies, then they could substitute for above metioned goods and values be significantly boosted. The national goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is compulsorily demanding the 'green transition' by means of agro−biomass for the manufacturing of a lot of industrial goads. And the breakthrough of thermal−chemical transition technique for biomass provides the possibility for it.

biomass golden touch  /  biomass thermal−chemical transition  /  biomass manufacturing  /  Agro–New Quality Productivity
程序, 朱万斌, 王洪亮. 现代农业“点金术”——生物质产业. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (19) : 16 -22 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105
Xu CHENG, Wanbin ZHU, Hongliang WANG. Biomass industry aids agriculture to develop New Quality Productivity, the modern agro−golden touch[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (19) : 16 -22 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105
习近平总书记指出,绿水青山就是金山银山。要使生物质的绿水青山真正产出价值堪称金银的产品,必须有科技创新和农学与其他学科的融合。
与高价值金银相反的,是农产品六七十年几乎不变的低价值,是众所熟知的“农民辛辛苦苦干一年,打出的一斤粮食,还不如一瓶矿泉水值钱!”问题在于,这种状况已经延续了多年。
农产品价格普遍低下是中国农业特有的现象,也是农业弱质化的重要原因之一,多年的实践证明,依靠行政手段大幅度提价不能根本解决问题,唯有靠农产品自身价值的提高。然而,现有的农产品加工增值、提高附加值等手段均效果有限。要想从根本上解决问题,须靠发展某种农业产业,以及在其基础上进行第一二三产业的融合。
这个“某种产业”,即新兴的“农业生物质制造”,所依靠的是现代农业(生物质)“点金术”。最终形成的是农业的新质生产力。
众所周知,在生产力的诸要素中,与农产品单产水平、生产效率相比,提高产品的产值是最困难的。近年来出现的生物质热化学转化等技术展示了一种新的情景:利用农、林、牧业的废弃物、剩余物和下脚料,和在边际土地上能种植的能源植物(灌木,草类),可制造出生物质合成能源、材料和化学品[12]。它们的成本极低,但升值的幅度不是几成,而是几倍、十几倍乃至几十倍。这种因创新农业生物质利用方式并大幅升值而获得的生产力,即可称之为农业的“新质生产力”。
这种新情景,颇有点中国古人向往的“点石成金”和西方痴迷的“炼金术”(alchemy)的意味。
“点石成金”和西方“炼金术”(从中世纪起直到其促成的近代化学出现)在人类的不断尝试下最终证明为不可实现。然而,现代生物技术却使农业真正能做到“点”生物质成价值可追“金”的产品。
本文所论述的农业“生物质制造”,属广义的生物制造(bio−manufacturing),不是一般所说的以微生物发酵工程为基础的狭义的“生物制造”(通过控制细胞或微生物过程来实现产品生产),或合成生物学制造,更不是生物制药。而是指以农林生物质为原料、通过生物化学/物理手段转化的生物能源、材料和化学品的制造业;是生物质向工业制造业渗透,从而正在形成的新兴产业——生物质化工(含生物能源和生物基材料),以及生物质储能[3]
近年来,生物质价值大幅度抬升的概念在发达国家出现,产生了一个新词意:valorization(英文原意是指赋于高价),本文借用来表达农业生物质“点金”升值。2010年,《Waste and Biomass Valorization》创刊[4],发表的论文内容包含垃圾生物质厌氧发酵产沼气,热、电联产或提纯为可并网的生物天然气,用废纸浆做微生物培养基生产性能优异的生物全降解塑料——羟基脂肪酸聚酯(PHA)及聚乳酸(PLA),用木质纤维类废弃物生产高价值的平台化合物乙酰丙酸(LVA)等,产物价值都在每吨数万元甚至十几万元人民币。
随着研究的深入,发表有关生物质研发成果的论文大量涌现。2012年8月,英国诺丁汉大学Christopher O. Tuck在《Science》的“废弃物利用专栏“(special section)发表题为《Valorization of biomass: Deriving more value from waste》的论文[5]。他在论文中提供了以下数据:生物质(如秸秆)如果以垃圾形态到送填埋场,每吨要消耗400 $的费用;如用作牛饲料,每吨价值仅70 $;如转化为车用生物燃料,每吨价值可提高到400 $;如果转化为生物合成材料中间体,平均价格可达1000 $或更高。以平台化合物乙酰丙酸为例,因为要用葡萄糖或果糖作原料生产,国际市场的价格是每吨约5000 $。其价值是饲料的十几倍到数十倍。
又如,2014年在《Bioresource Technology》上刊登的一篇论文,介绍了造纸废液经微生物——化学转化(“炼金”)制取价值很高的全生物可降解塑料——羟基脂肪酸聚酯(PHA)[6]
2014年8月,《PNAS》刊登美国国家可再生能源研究中心Linger等[7]的论文,阐述以木质素类原料,通过化学转化加微生物产芳香烃机制进一步合成高价值的全生物可降解塑料PHA的独特途径。
2022年,美国麻省理工学院的Calvo–Flores等[8]在《Frontiers in Chemistry》(化学前沿)上发表论文,介绍了C1~C6共8种生物基平台化合物及其具有商业化前景的衍生物,论文的第一个关键词便是biomass valorisation。
2025年,《Sustainability》发表了由da Paixão等[9]撰写的关于生物质“点金术”的分类型发展;Pandey等[10]发表了关于生物质通过“点金术”生产生物燃油和生物基产品的综述。
上述生物质废弃物资源化技术研究,国内也早已展开。因存在原料处理、工艺成本、催化剂效率等关联的规模效应等问题,以致“加工增值”“提高附加值”等提法都不足以表明生物质价值的巨大潜力。而借鉴valorization,可提出农业生物质的“点金术”一词。
不同于国际上新兴的生物质“点金”(valorize)研发观念,国内通行的“农产品加工(agricultural products processing)”观念,既缺乏学科交叉,更谈不上产业融合,难以与国际前沿接轨,无法对大幅度增加农业产值和农民收入作出有力的贡献。以agricultural products processing(农产品加工)为关键词,在Web of Sciece collection搜索,只发现50篇论文,而且绝大部分都是中国作者(以英文)在专业会议上发表的。这与以biomass valorize为关键词,能搜索到数千篇大多在国际高影响因子期刊发表论文的状况,形成鲜明的对比。
国际上,与valorization近义的词有biorefinery(生物炼制)。但最能反映生物质“点金”涵义的,则是美国的“农产物应用”(agricultual utilization)。其在技术创新上已作出了不凡的贡献。
20世纪30年代,为解决农产品滞销和低价问题,美国农业部成立了5个区域性“农产物应用研究中心”(Centers for Agricultural Utilization Research)。其中有突出成就的是位于皮奥里亚的北方中心(后升级为国家中心)。代表性的成就有:(1) 玉米湿磨浆废液替代昂贵的培养基生产青霉素,突破了青霉素从试管培养到工厂生产的屏障,使得曾比金子还贵的青霉素在第二次世界大战后期成为虽仍很贵,但还能供得起的药品盘尼西林,大大降低了战场死亡率;(2) 20世纪50年代,研发出玉米制燃料乙醇;(3) 研发出耦联淀粉高吸水物Super Slurpet系列[11]
当前,生物质“点金”出现了一系列的机遇。首先,“循环经济”观念开始深入人心。农林废弃物/剩余物的利用提上日程;其次,全球应对气候变化的行动带来生物质“绿色”价值的显现和“变现”,欧盟碳交易价飚升至近100欧元/t;中国碳排放权交易市CCER)扩容,以及外贸出现“碳关税”产生倒逼压力。最后,则是生物质转化技术出现一系列突破,特别是热化学转化技术的突破。
国际海洋航运业多年来使用的燃料是化石基轻柴油和重油。年消费量约2亿t。每年排放的温室气体占全球总排量(二氧化碳当量)的2.5%。但如不采取减排措施,预计该数值到2030年后将上升为4%甚至8%。为此,国际海事组织(IMO)2023年7月通过温室气体减排战略修正案[12],规定到2030年和2040年,国际航运的年温室气体排放总量要分别比2008年减少20%和70%。欧盟对IMO战略迅速跟进。2023年2月,欧洲议会环境委员会批准了欧盟碳交易体系的立法(ETS),其中海运部分的妥协文本规定:2024年起,使用传统海运燃料的商船出入欧洲必须交纳“碳配额”费,每吨燃油90欧元。据中国远洋海运集团估算,如不改变现用的轻柴油燃料,其每年碳税的损失将达40亿欧元。
据航运界研究确认,主要依靠生物质转化生产的“绿色甲醇”“绿色LNG”和“绿氨”,将是今后替代船用柴油的理想碳减排燃料。目前,生物基“绿色甲醇”已经开始被马士基集团等国际航运巨头的船队使用[3]
生物质微生物发酵和微生物培养是比较成熟的技术,如有机废弃物厌氧发酵产生天然气,但升值幅度有限,只能算是“变废为宝”。近年来,出现了3类技术突破,其中属于生物质热化学转化范畴的生物质气化−合成技术最为突出。
国内某纸业集团除利用秸秆生产环保型出口本色纸替代木浆外,还在造纸黑液中提取黄腐酸制成优质有机肥,黄腐酸具有促进植物生长、增进化肥肥效和改良土壤的作用[13]。两方面的增值效果显著,秸秆“点金”价值抬升约10~15倍。
在生物质热裂解转化方面,以南京林业大学张齐生、周建斌团队生物质热解联产多种产品的技术为例[14]。该技术集气化发电、供热、制炭、制肥于一体,已在河北省平泉县落地生根开花结果。5 MW生物质发电多联产项目,年消耗山杏壳、果木枝生物质原料约6万t(700元/t),当前以供热为主。平均每吨原料可替代240 m3天然气(5.5元/m3),价值1320元;生产活性炭0.15万t (9000元/t),价值1350元;生产液体肥的提取液0.15 t (1000元/t),价值150元。
此外,该项目年减排CO2约4.2万t,活性炭还可固定CO2约3.6万t,合计减排7.8万t。按国内碳交易70元/t CO2计,每吨生物质原料创收约100元。总计产值约2800元,价值是原料的4倍。
生物质气化—合成技术取得重大突破。生物质本质上是碳、氢、氧的化合物,与同样以碳、氢、氧组成的烷、烃类为基本构成的化石能源相比,存在氧含量高、热值较低、常规气化产生难处理的焦油、易结渣等缺陷,但没有实质性区别。理论上生物质可以转化出几乎所有与石油、煤和天然气衍生物相对应的工业品,包括合成材料和合成燃料。
石油经裂解分馏、产生多种烯烃类化合物燃油和化学品,是非常简捷顺畅的石油化工过程;现代煤化工则是将煤气化后产生合成气(syngas,含H2和CO),再直接合成烯烃类及转化的多种燃油和化学品。
而生物质如果要产生烯烃类产物,则要经过复杂的包括物料预处理、化学转化或微生物转化的过程,而且需通过若干种平台化合物“中转”和进行多道脱氧加氢反应,效率很低,成本高昂。目前,已经从原理上克服技术瓶颈,使生物质气化成类似煤化工的“合成气” 形态,从而打通直接合成多种化合物的通道,可以转化出几乎所有与石油、煤和天然气衍生物相对应的工业品,是生物质转化最高效的方式之一(图1)。
生物质气化技术历经国内外200多年的研发,始终因为原料不具备气流输送性、产生焦油引起管道堵塞、产生的混合气中H2和CO的含量不高、杂质多等问题无法根本解决,一直未能实现稳定的工业化生产。
国内某集团通过对生物质原料实施“气流床生物质蒸汽重整制煤化生物质”工艺,实行“煤化”(半焦化)改性,产生体积密度和能量密度都明显增加、挥发性物质含量及含氧量下降,氢含量增多的“煤化生物质”(又称“生物半焦”);物料具备了工业化生产必需的气流输送性,使得借用煤化工适用的高温气化炉并增加水煤气反应气化生物质,能获得有效成分(H2+CO)超过80%的生物基合成气。从而使生物质转化既能像现代煤化工那样产生多种高价值能源、材料和化学品,又能避免煤化工那样的大量碳排放。
以气化—合成的生物基甲醇、生物甲烷和绿色航煤为例,测算生物质“点金”(转化提质+绿色溢价)的效果:作物秸秆和木质纤维类生物质价格为100~300元/t。
绿色甲醇:2H2+CO→ CH3OH
1 t秸秆和木质纤维类生物质可气化—合成0.53 t绿色甲醇;按马士基集团宣布可接受价(折人民币)6000元/t计,价值3180元,升值16倍(未计转化成本)。
绿色甲烷:3H2+CO→ CH4+H2O
1 t生物质可气化—合成700 m3生物基天然气;按当前国内工业用气5.5元/m3计,升值约20倍(未计转化成本;按国内出口欧盟企业愿付的、包括绿色溢价的11元/ m3计,升值约40倍)。
绿色航煤:nH2+2nCO→CnH2n
1 t秸秆和木质纤维类生物质约可气化—合成0.3 t绿色航煤;按欧盟低碳氢合成航空燃料价4655 欧元/ t计,升值约50倍(未计转化成本)。
生物质的组分除直接被食物和饲料利用的淀粉、糖类、蛋白质和脂肪外,主要是纤维素、半纤维素及木质素(三素)。尤其对木质纤维类生物质而言,三素是最主要的组分,也是生物质非粮利用的主要原料。由于结构原因,相对容易利用的多糖类纤维素、半纤维素,往往被组成复杂、难以利用的木质素“裹挟”,无法通过水解等过程分解产生易参与生物化学反应的单糖(葡萄糖、果糖等) 。
当前的生化技术已发展到用葡萄糖、果糖作原料,转化出一系列重要的平台化合物,进而合成替代石油基树脂的生物基树脂,典型案例有替代聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的生物基呋喃二甲酸乙二醇(PEF)和聚乳酸。下一步,是以生物基单糖(主要是秸秆类生物质转化出的单糖)替代昂贵的葡萄糖、果糖作原料。
1) PET树脂用于生产聚酯纤维(涤纶)、聚酯瓶片和聚酯薄膜,广泛用于化学纤维、轻工、电子、建筑等国民经济的各个方面,与人民生活水平高度密切相关,中国每年消耗量超4000万t,有望成为未来产能最大的聚合物之一,但原料的2个组分都来自石油。
目前,生物基2,5−呋喃二甲酸需用葡萄糖或果糖为原料生产。当前正在研发中的秸秆类生物质转化出5−羟甲基糠醛(HMF)和乙酰丙酸,前者可转化为2,5−呋喃二甲酸,能替代现价每吨1.4万美元的对苯二甲酸。另一组分乙二醇也可通过生物乙醇—生物乙烯—生物基乙二醇技术路线获得;更可由秸秆类水解多糖直接催化生成[15]。而乙酰丙酸则是合成各种轻化工产品的基本原料。
目前,中国PET的2组分PTA和乙二醇(EG),或丁二醇尚需进口;生产精对苯二甲酸(PTA)的前体对二甲苯(PX)以及EG,年进口量各约1000万t。石化PET的国内市场价格为6650元/t;而生物基PET因属可降解塑料,价格超万元/t。
2) 生物基聚乳酸(PLA)是一种新型的生物降解材料。在食品包装、纤维面料、无纺布、薄膜等领域替代石油基聚丙烯等。最突出的是在医用材料(手术线、骨钉等)上得到广泛应用。当前,由淀粉为原料,经葡萄糖−乳酸发酵路线制成,每吨价格数万元至数百万元。
鉴于酶解纤维素经生物发酵也可产生乳酸,再经化学合成形成丙交酯,最后聚合形成纯聚乳酸PLA生物塑料。这样生产的生物PLA成本可大幅降低。
芦苇(南荻)是芒草的一个亚种,在洞庭湖区年产百万吨以上,主要用作造纸。在国家实施长江生态保护战略后,普遍存在污染问题的造纸厂被关闭,芦苇面临出路的挑战。中国科学院植物研究所桑涛团队创新秸秆类生物质三素分离、纤维素酶解等技术,在湖北石首市洞庭湖区建成项目(一期),已具备年产3000 t纤维素(葡萄糖) ∕半纤维素(木糖)聚乳酸和酶解木质素的能力[15]。木质素用于制备石化基环氧树脂的生物基替代品(用于碳纤维复合材料),以及高价值的硬碳负电极材料[16]
生物质“点金术”要能对发展农业生产力和振兴乡村产业真正有意义,还必须具备2个前提条件:(1) 数量和市场规模巨大,绝非所谓“特色产业”或若干个案可与之相提并论;(2) “点金术”须有能在农村就地开展和有很多农民参与工作的特质,而不是都集中到开发区或城市里。
生物质“点金”衍生出的生物质能源和生物质化工,特别是生物基合成材料均有着极为广阔的市场。2004年,美国能源部针对石油基的300多种石化产品,寻找到12种对应替代的重要生物基平台化合物[17]。其中就包括乙酰丙酸、丁二酸、5−羟甲基糠醛和2,5−呋喃二甲酸。目前仅中国航空煤油一项,年消费量就约为4000万t,预计2030年达6000万t。
再具体来看若干石化—煤化工产品的市场规模:石油化工产品是工业最重要的基础原料。“少油缺气”的国情迫使大量进口。2015年,乙烯(年消费量6300万t)的对外依存度为50.4%;芳烃(仅对二甲苯一项4300万t)56%;乙二醇(2500万t)67%。煤化工取得突破后,情况有了较大改善。然而煤化工的致命缺陷是大量排放CO2,生物质化工则完全可以替代而且零碳排放。煤制甲醇而后制烯烃(乙烯,丙烯等),2020年(下同)产量1590万t;煤制油,以“费−托合成柴油”为代表,产量约为1000万t;煤制天然气,年产能47亿m3;煤制乙二醇,产能597万t(仍需大量进口);煤制醇醚燃料(二甲醚,乙醇等),乙醇产量为987万t;煤制芳烃(苯,二甲苯等),年进口量超1000万t;煤制芳烃年产能已达200万t以上。生物基燃料可部分替代的进口大宗商品能源有:(1) 年进口原油5.64 亿t (占总消费量70%);(2) 年进口天然气 1800 亿m3(占总消费量43.2%)。
(1) 点“金”得先有“石”。除广泛收集有机废弃/剩余物外,还需在面积比耕地还大的边际土地上种植能源灌木、草类和某些小乔木。生物质原料的种植、收获、收集、储运需要大量劳动力。使有生物质原料和有边际土地的农民都能参与和收益。目前在种植能源灌木、草类与沙荒地治理结合上已迈出成功步伐;(2) 目前已经在进行的有:生物质就地变性:压缩成型(颗粒、块);研磨,可以进一步建立大量乡村工厂;(3) 生物质原料的就地改性和预处理 (例如制备煤化生物质,生物粗油);在与下游产品市场联通的情况下,确保绿色环保工艺,可以逐步增加建立在乡村的工厂;(4) 部分生物质衍生产品,如PHA和PLA可降解地膜、包装膜,在农村深加工后就地销售,农民可以分享到商业利润。
综上所述,在农村建起大批生物质“点金术”的预处理和初加工的工厂(生物质制造业),农业联接工业,真正实现农业一二三产融合,有必要对生物质的现代应用重新、准确定位:即改变以往侧重生物质直燃发电和制备生物乙醇、脂交换生物柴油的利用路线;不与常规化石能源直接竞争和寻求对其大规模替代;除了满足煤电低碳化改造(掺烧)和分布式供热,以及制备价值高的生物天然气和特种燃油(绿色甲醇,绿色航煤,绿氨)的需要之外,将应用重点放到能使农林产物,尤其是难以利用的废弃/剩余物和木质纤维类生物质“点石成金”的领域,特别是能够替代高价值石化和煤化工产品的生物质化工领域,以实现生物质的绿色价值[3];作为一种新质生产力,帮助农业逐步摆脱“弱质”局面。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
Wu B T, Lin R C, O’Shea R, et al. Production of advanced fuels through integration of biological, thermo−chemical and power to gas technologies in a circular cascading bio−based system[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 135: 110371.
2
Huber G W. Breaking the chemical and engineering barriers to lignocellulosic biofuels: Next generation hydrocarbon biorefineries[M]. Washington, DC: National Science Foundation, Chemical, Biogengineering, Environmental and Transport Systems Division, 2008.
3
程序, 颉二旺. 准确定位生物质应用方向——生物质调峰、消纳、储能, 耦合发电和生物质化工[J]. 科技导报, 2025, 43(7): 48- 53.
4
Nzihou A. Toward the valorization of waste and biomass[J]. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2010, 1(1): 3- 7.
5
Tuck C O, Pérez E, Horváth I T, et al. Valorization of biomass: Deriving more value from waste[J]. Science, 2012, 337(6095): 695- 699.
6
Queirós D, Rossetti S, Serafim L S. PHA production by mixed cultures: A way to valorize wastes from pulp industry[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 157: 197- 205.
7
Linger J G, Vardon D R, Guarnieri M T, et al. Lignin valorization through integrated biological funneling and chemical catalysis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014, 111(33): 12013- 12018.
8
Calvo−Flores F G, Martin−Martinez F J. Biorefineries: Achievements and challenges for a bio−based economy[J]. Frontiers in Chemistry, 2022, 10: 973417.
9
da Paixão Cansado I P, Mourão P A M, Castanheiro J E, et al. A review of the biomass valorization hierarchy[J]. Sustainability, 2025, 17(1): 335.
10
Pandey A, Sharma Y C. Advancements in biomass valorization in integrated biorefinery systems[J]. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2024, 18(6): 2078- 2090.
11
Kelley H W. Always something new, acavalcade of scientific discovery[M]. New York: USDA ARS Publication, 1993.
12
International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopts revised strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping[EB/OL], (2023−07−14) [2025−02−07]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1771722320018241109&wfr=spider&for=pc.
13
秸秆变身显生态“本色”[EB/OL]. (2017−08−16) [2025−02−07]. https://m.haiwainet.cn/middle/3542878/2017/0816/content_31071398_2.html.
14
周建斌, 张齐生. 生物质气化多联产技术的集成创新与应用[J]. 林业工程学报, 2016, 1(2): 1- 8.
15
生物基PET现状及未来思考[EB/OL]. (2020−12−26)[2025−02−07]. http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3408870-1264224.html.
16
芦苇秸秆乳酸“万吨级”投产![EB/OL]. (2024−12−22) [2025−02−07]. https://business.sohu.com/a/840589206_121123735.
17
Top value added chemicals: The biobased economy[EB/OL]. (2017−03−16) [2025−02−07]. https://communities.acs.org/t5/GCI-Nexus-Blog/Top-Value-Added-Chemicals-The-Biobased-Economy-12-Years-Later/ba-p/15759.
2025年第43卷第19期
PDF下载
1255
644
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105
  • 接收时间:2025-03-21
  • 首发时间:2025-12-18
  • 出版时间:2025-10-13
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21
  • 修回日期:2025-08-23
  • 录用日期:2025-09-18
基金
作者信息
    中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京 100193
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00105
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏