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Article(id=1208362379105120972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.04.00109, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1745596800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-26, revisedDate=1753632000000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-28, acceptedDate=1759075200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-09-29, onlineDate=1766025641465, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1760284800000, pubDateStr=2025-10-13, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764000000000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766025641465, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774080108647, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1208362378329174732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2025', volume='43', issue='19', pageStart='1', pageEnd='136', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760284800000', pubDateStr='2025-10-13', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766025641281, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1778551765812, updator='13041195026', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1260900752743064342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1260900752743064343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208362378329174732, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=69, endPage=75, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208362379440665295, articleId=1208362379105120972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Breeding course and cultivation technique of a new drought−resistant and salt−alkali tolerant wheat variety Cangmai 17, columnId=1208362379369362126, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Exclusive: Crop Genetic Improvement for Tolerance to Saline-Alkali and Other Environmental Stresses, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Cangmai 17 was a new drought−resistant and salt−alkali−tolerant wheat variety developed by Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences using the two−nursery parallel alternating selection breeding method, which was approved by Hebei Province in 2023. This paper outlined the breeding background, strategy, and process of Cangmai 17, analyzed the varietal characteristics, yield traits, resistance performances, and quality attributes of the variety, and established a high−efficiency cultivation technology system of Cangmai 17. The study provided a basis for promoting the cultivation of Cangmai 17 in saline−alkali regions of Hebei Province and other similar areas in China. It is of great significance for ensuring stable wheat yield, green and sustainable production, and national food security in arid and saline−alkali regions of China.

, authors=null, authorsList=Jingwei ZOU, Weiwei WANG, Yujie ZHANG, Liang YU, Yu ZHU, Zhenghui LUO, Zhenjie ZHAO, Yongwei LIU, Liya NIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Liya NIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208362380711539421, articleId=1208362379105120972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种沧麦17的选育及高效种植技术, columnId=1150494642375586098, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=特色专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

盐碱地作为后备耕地资源，使其开发与利用变得越来越重要。小麦主要种植于干旱、半干旱及盐碱地区，其产量常受土壤盐渍化的影响。“以种适地”是盐碱地治理和种业振兴的核心策略之一。培育耐盐小麦品种对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。沧麦17是沧州市农林科学院利用设施盐池，经过多年的抗旱耐盐性鉴定，筛选出耐盐性好的种质资源和自育品系作为亲本，使用改良版水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法对后代材料进行系统选育，选育出的抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种。概述了沧麦17的选育背景、选育策略以及选育过程，分析了沧麦17的品种特性、产量性状、抗性表现以及品质性状，建立了沧麦17的高效种植技术体系，为沧麦17在河北省盐碱地区及中国其他盐碱地区的推广种植提供依据，对保证中国干旱地区、盐碱地区的小麦稳产和绿色可持续生产。

, authors=

邹景伟，助理研究员，研究方向为小麦耐盐碱育种与分子解析，电子信箱：

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钮力亚（通信作者），副研究员，研究方向为小麦育种与遗传改良，电子信箱：
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邹景伟，助理研究员，研究方向为小麦耐盐碱育种与分子解析，电子信箱：

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邹景伟，助理研究员，研究方向为小麦耐盐碱育种与分子解析，电子信箱：

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参试名称年份平均产量/（kg/hm2）较对照增幅/%产量位次增产点次
河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验2019—20205421.173.646/67/7
河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验2020—20215676.436.143/57/7
河北省冬麦区旱地组生产试验2021—20226341.106.991/27/7
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沧麦17产量表现

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参试名称年份平均产量/（kg/hm2）较对照增幅/%产量位次增产点次
河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验2019—20205421.173.646/67/7
河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验2020—20215676.436.143/57/7
河北省冬麦区旱地组生产试验2021—20226341.106.991/27/7
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年份 试验地点 沧麦17/（kg/hm2） 沧麦6005（对照）/（kg/hm2） 较对照增产/（kg/hm2） 较对照增幅/%
2019—2020 沧州沧县 5876.55 5698.80 177.75 3.12
沧州南皮 5912.25 5739.45 172.80 3.01
沧州中捷 5223.00 5176.50 46.50 0.90
衡水阜城 5449.50 5266.50 183.00 3.50
衡水武强 4705.95 4559.10 146.85 3.22
邢台临西 5097.00 4641.00 456.00 9.80
邢台南宫 5683.95 5576.40 107.55 1.90
平均 5421.17 5236.82 184.35 3.64
2020—2021 沧州沧县 4380.30 4143.30 237.00 5.72
沧州南皮 5943.60 5757.15 186.45 3.24
沧州中捷 4643.70 4388.55 255.15 5.81
衡水阜城 8625.45 7868.40 757.05 9.62
衡水武强 4885.50 4587.00 298.50 6.50
邢台临西 5317.50 4971.00 346.50 7.00
邢台南宫 5938.95 5649.00 289.95 5.10
平均 5676.43 5337.77 338.66 6.14
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沧麦17区域试验产量

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年份 试验地点 沧麦17/（kg/hm2） 沧麦6005（对照）/（kg/hm2） 较对照增产/（kg/hm2） 较对照增幅/%
2019—2020 沧州沧县 5876.55 5698.80 177.75 3.12
沧州南皮 5912.25 5739.45 172.80 3.01
沧州中捷 5223.00 5176.50 46.50 0.90
衡水阜城 5449.50 5266.50 183.00 3.50
衡水武强 4705.95 4559.10 146.85 3.22
邢台临西 5097.00 4641.00 456.00 9.80
邢台南宫 5683.95 5576.40 107.55 1.90
平均 5421.17 5236.82 184.35 3.64
2020—2021 沧州沧县 4380.30 4143.30 237.00 5.72
沧州南皮 5943.60 5757.15 186.45 3.24
沧州中捷 4643.70 4388.55 255.15 5.81
衡水阜城 8625.45 7868.40 757.05 9.62
衡水武强 4885.50 4587.00 298.50 6.50
邢台临西 5317.50 4971.00 346.50 7.00
邢台南宫 5938.95 5649.00 289.95 5.10
平均 5676.43 5337.77 338.66 6.14
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病害 年份 品种名称
沧麦17 铭贤169 郑麦366 安农8455
条锈病2019—2020HRHS——
2020—2021MRHS——
叶锈病2019—2020HSHS——
2020—2021MRHS——
白粉病2019—2020HSHS——
2020—2021MSHS——
纹枯病2019—2020MS—HS—
2020—2021MS—HS—
赤霉病2019—2020MS——HS
2020—2021HS——HS
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沧麦17田间抗病性鉴定结果

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病害 年份 品种名称
沧麦17 铭贤169 郑麦366 安农8455
条锈病2019—2020HRHS——
2020—2021MRHS——
叶锈病2019—2020HSHS——
2020—2021MRHS——
白粉病2019—2020HSHS——
2020—2021MSHS——
纹枯病2019—2020MS—HS—
2020—2021MS—HS—
赤霉病2019—2020MS——HS
2020—2021HS——HS
), ArticleFig(id=1242145293978902665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362379105120972, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份 调查茎数/个 死茎数/个 死茎率/% 地上部分叶片冻害程度/级 抗寒性级别 抗寒性评价
2019—2020 225.5 0 0 3 1 好
2020—2021 267.3 11.8 4.4 3+ 1 好
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沧麦17抗寒性鉴定结果

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年份 调查茎数/个 死茎数/个 死茎率/% 地上部分叶片冻害程度/级 抗寒性级别 抗寒性评价
2019—2020 225.5 0 0 3 1 好
2020—2021 267.3 11.8 4.4 3+ 1 好
), ArticleFig(id=1242145294121509003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208362379105120972, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份 品种 大田抗旱
指数		 旱棚抗旱
指数		 平均抗旱
指数		 抗旱性
等级
2020—2021 沧麦17 1.215 1.122 1.169 R
沧麦6005 1.000 1.000 1.000 —
2021—2022 沧麦17 1.046 1.193 1.119 R
沧麦6005 1.000 1.000 1.000 —
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沧麦17抗旱性鉴定结果

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年份 品种 大田抗旱
指数		 旱棚抗旱
指数		 平均抗旱
指数		 抗旱性
等级
2020—2021 沧麦17 1.215 1.122 1.169 R
沧麦6005 1.000 1.000 1.000 —
2021—2022 沧麦17 1.046 1.193 1.119 R
沧麦6005 1.000 1.000 1.000 —
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年份 品种 对照组
产量/g		 盐池
产/g		 耐盐
系数		 耐盐
指数		 耐盐
级别		 耐盐性
2022—2023沧麦17268.29166.520.620.842耐盐
捷麦19243.35179.640.741.001高耐
2023—2024沧麦17215.78110.190.510.832耐盐
捷麦19227.85139.670.611.001高耐
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沧麦17全生育期耐盐性鉴定

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年份 品种 对照组
产量/g		 盐池
产/g		 耐盐
系数		 耐盐
指数		 耐盐
级别		 耐盐性
2022—2023沧麦17268.29166.520.620.842耐盐
捷麦19243.35179.640.741.001高耐
2023—2024沧麦17215.78110.190.510.832耐盐
捷麦19227.85139.670.611.001高耐
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抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种沧麦17的选育及高效种植技术
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邹景伟 1 , 王伟伟 1 , 张玉杰 1 , 于亮 1 , 朱玉 2 , 罗政辉 1 , 赵振杰 1 , 刘永伟 3 , 钮力亚 1, *
科技导报 | 特色专题 2025,43(19): 69-75
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科技导报 |特色专题 2025 , 43 (19) : 69 -75
抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种沧麦17的选育及高效种植技术
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邹景伟1 , 王伟伟1, 张玉杰1, 于亮1, 朱玉2, 罗政辉1, 赵振杰1, 刘永伟3, 钮力亚1, *
作者信息
  • 1. 沧州市农林科学院河北省旱碱麦重点实验室，沧州 061001
  • 2. 沧州市农业技术推广站，沧州 061001
  • 3. 河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所，石家庄 050051
通讯作者:
钮力亚（通信作者），副研究员，研究方向为小麦育种与遗传改良，电子信箱：
Breeding course and cultivation technique of a new drought−resistant and salt−alkali tolerant wheat variety Cangmai 17
Jingwei ZOU1 , Weiwei WANG1, Yujie ZHANG1, Liang YU1, Yu ZHU2, Zhenghui LUO1, Zhenjie ZHAO1, Yongwei LIU3, Liya NIU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Dryland Wheat, Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou 061001, China
  • 2. Cangzhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Station, Cangzhou 061001, China
  • 3. Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
出版时间: 2025-10-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.04.00109
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摘要
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盐碱地作为后备耕地资源，使其开发与利用变得越来越重要。小麦主要种植于干旱、半干旱及盐碱地区，其产量常受土壤盐渍化的影响。“以种适地”是盐碱地治理和种业振兴的核心策略之一。培育耐盐小麦品种对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。沧麦17是沧州市农林科学院利用设施盐池，经过多年的抗旱耐盐性鉴定，筛选出耐盐性好的种质资源和自育品系作为亲本，使用改良版水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法对后代材料进行系统选育，选育出的抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种。概述了沧麦17的选育背景、选育策略以及选育过程，分析了沧麦17的品种特性、产量性状、抗性表现以及品质性状，建立了沧麦17的高效种植技术体系，为沧麦17在河北省盐碱地区及中国其他盐碱地区的推广种植提供依据，对保证中国干旱地区、盐碱地区的小麦稳产和绿色可持续生产。

两圃平行交替选择育种法  /  抗旱  /  耐盐碱  /  沧麦17

Cangmai 17 was a new drought−resistant and salt−alkali−tolerant wheat variety developed by Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences using the two−nursery parallel alternating selection breeding method, which was approved by Hebei Province in 2023. This paper outlined the breeding background, strategy, and process of Cangmai 17, analyzed the varietal characteristics, yield traits, resistance performances, and quality attributes of the variety, and established a high−efficiency cultivation technology system of Cangmai 17. The study provided a basis for promoting the cultivation of Cangmai 17 in saline−alkali regions of Hebei Province and other similar areas in China. It is of great significance for ensuring stable wheat yield, green and sustainable production, and national food security in arid and saline−alkali regions of China.

two−nursery parallel alternating selection breeding method  /  drought−resistant  /  salt−alkali tolerant  /  Cangmai 17
邹景伟, 王伟伟, 张玉杰, 于亮, 朱玉, 罗政辉, 赵振杰, 刘永伟, 钮力亚. 抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种沧麦17的选育及高效种植技术. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (19) : 69 -75 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.04.00109
Jingwei ZOU, Weiwei WANG, Yujie ZHANG, Liang YU, Yu ZHU, Zhenghui LUO, Zhenjie ZHAO, Yongwei LIU, Liya NIU. Breeding course and cultivation technique of a new drought−resistant and salt−alkali tolerant wheat variety Cangmai 17[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (19) : 69 -75 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.04.00109
正文
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全世界约有10亿hm2土地因受到盐渍化影响而不能被有效利用，土壤盐碱化已经对超过全球100个国家的农业生产结构构成严重威胁[1−3]。中国的盐碱化土地和次生盐碱化土地总面积约有3600万hm2，其中受盐碱化危害的耕地面积达到920万hm2[4]。根据2023年河北省第3次盐碱地专题调查报告，河北省全省共有盐碱地38.89万hm2，其中，盐碱耕地为38.02万hm2。盐渍化程度加剧将会造成可利用土壤资源流失，影响农业发展和生态健康[5]。盐碱地作为后备耕地资源，使得盐碱地的开发与利用变得越来越重要，成为保障国家粮食安全的重要角色[6]。
小麦主要种植于干旱、半干旱及盐碱地区，其产量常受土壤盐渍化影响[7−8]。土壤盐渍化会抑制小麦种子的萌发、阻碍植株生长，导致减产[9]。“以种适地”是盐碱地治理和种业振兴的核心策略之一[10]。因此，培育耐盐小麦品种对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义[11]。河北省沧州市的有关科研单位和种业公司立足于当地生态环境，选育了众多适宜盐碱地种植的小麦品种，主要有捷麦19[12]、捷麦20[13]、沧麦6002[14]、沧麦6005[15]、小偃60[16]等。目前在河北省盐碱地上大面积推广种植的小麦品种存在遗传基础比较狭窄，株高偏高，在雨水充足的年份易倒伏等问题，以及部分小麦品种的耐盐性与抗旱性、抗病性难以兼顾等[17]。针对以上问题，沧州市农林科学院利用设施盐池，经过多年的抗旱耐盐性鉴定，选择出耐盐性好的种质资源或者自育新品系作为亲本，利用改良版水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法对后代材料进行系统选育，选育出抗旱耐盐碱小麦新品种沧麦17。
本文主要介绍了沧麦17的选育策略与过程、品种特性、产量表现、抗旱性和耐盐性等特点，同时探索了沧麦17的抗旱稳产栽培技术，对沧麦17在河北省盐碱地区及中国其他盐碱地区的推广种植提供依据，对保证中国干旱地区、盐碱地区的小麦稳产、绿色可持续生产和国家粮食安全具有重要意义。
1 亲本来源及特点
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母本HXJ2012−49是以石4185为母本，石优17为父本，通过水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法选育出的新品系，它遗传了石4185的根系发达、繁茂性好、节水性和丰产性好等优点，石优17落黄好、熟相好的优点；株高85 cm，每穗粒数35~40粒，千粒重46~48 g。父本沧麦12是多抗节水型小麦品种[18]，以自育品系沧96−277为母本，中国农业科学院的品16为父本，通过水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法选育而成，它遗传了沧96−277的抗旱和耐盐碱的抗逆性特点和品16的多抗丰产、叶片功能强、落黄好的优点，2013年通过河北省审定。其系谱图如图1所示。
2 选育方法及过程
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2.1 选育方法与策略
两圃平行交替选择育种法是育种者根据本地生态环境创制的选育方法[19]（图2（a））。经过多年实践经验和试验设施的更新等，对水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法进行了改良（图2（b））。首先利用设施盐池对亲本材料进行抗旱性和耐盐性的精准鉴定，确定抗旱、耐盐碱的种质资源或者自育品系作为亲本材料。确定亲本组合后，因为杂种F1代不会出现性状分离现象，将杂种F1代种植于高水肥地中，以便获得更多的F2代分离群体。经过连续2年的水旱交替选择后，再进行2年的平行选择，最终达到出圃要求。经过水旱两圃平行交替选择育种法选择，可以使选育出的新品系在丰产年份不会出现因株高过高而倒伏，在干旱严重的年份因自身生物量过小而导致减产，从而达到丰年高产、灾年稳产的育种目标。
2.2 沧麦17选育过程
2013年5月，以自育品系HXJ2012−49为母本，与沧麦12为父本作杂交，2013年6月收获杂交F1代籽粒；同年10月将杂交F1代籽粒种植于水地圃，2014年6月获得F2代籽粒。2014年10月，将F2代籽粒分别种植于水地圃和旱地圃。2015年6月，分别在水地圃和旱地圃进行单穗选择。2015年10月，将水地圃中选的F3代穗行种植于旱地圃，将旱地圃中选的F3代穗行种植于水地圃。2016年10月，将水地圃中选的F4代株系种植于旱地圃，将旱地圃中选的F4代株系种植于水地圃。2017年10月，将旱地圃中选的F5代株系进行旱地品系鉴定试验。2018年10月，将中选的旱地新品系进行旱地大区试验。2019年6月出圃定系，命名为沧麦201802。2019—2020年参加河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验，2021年参加河北省冬麦区旱地组生产试验，2023年2月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定，命名为沧麦17，审定编号为冀审麦20239002（图3）。
3 品种特征特性
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3.1 主要农艺性状
沧麦17为半冬性中熟品种，生育期239 d，抽穗期和成熟期比对照品种沧麦6005早2 d。幼苗半匍匐，叶色深绿，轻微蜡质，分蘖力较强。旗叶较对照品种沧麦6005短而窄。株高75.0~77.0 cm，比对照品种沧麦6005降低3.0~5.0 cm，株型半紧凑，植株茎秆弹性好，抗倒伏性强，熟相好，落黄好。穗纺缍型，穗长8.5~10.0 cm，小穗数13.0~16.0个，穗粒数30.0~33.0粒，千粒重45.0 g，比对照品种沧麦6005，每穗粒数增加2.0~3.0粒，千粒重增加7.0~8.0 g，长芒，白颖壳，籽粒白色、硬质、长粒且饱满（图4）。田间表现抗逆性强，稳产性和广适性突出。
3.2 产量表现
3.2.1 品种区域试验
2019—2020年参加河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验，在7个参试小麦品种中沧麦17平均产量居第6位，在7个试验点中有7个点增产，平均产量5421.17 kg/hm2，较对照品种沧麦6005增产184.35 kg/hm2，增幅3.64%，增产显著（表1，表2）。2020—2021年继续参加河北省冬麦区旱地组区域试验，沧麦17平均产量居第3位，在7个试验点中有7个点增产，增产点率100%，平均产量5676.43 kg/hm2，较对照品种沧麦6005增产338.66 kg/hm2，增幅6.14%，增产显著（表1、表2）。2年区域试验平均产量5548.80 kg/hm2，较对照沧麦6005平均增幅为4.89%。
3.2.2 品种生产试验
2021—2022年沧麦17参加河北省冬麦区旱地组生产试验，7个试验点7点增产（表1），增产点率100%，平均产量为6341.10 kg/hm2，较对照品种沧麦6005（平均产量5897.86 kg/hm2）增产443.24 kg/hm2，增幅为6.99%，增产显著。该品种2023年在沧州市沧县、泊头市、衡水市武强县等地示范种植，整体表现良好。其中，在沧州市沧县纸房头乡前营村的示范方产量达到7819.8 kg/hm2。2024年在沧州市运河区小王庄镇西花园村示范种植，产量达到7983.75 kg/hm2。沧麦17在不同地区示范方的产量均比对照品种沧麦6005增产，其稳产性和适应性较好，具有较大推广潜力。
3.3 品种抗性表现
3.3.1 抗病性
沧麦17于2019年经河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所进行抗病性鉴定，以铭贤169为条锈病、叶锈病、白粉病鉴定的感病对照品种，郑麦366为纹枯病感病对照，安农8455为赤霉病感病对照。结果表明：沧麦17高抗条锈病，高感白粉病，高感叶锈病，中感纹枯病，中感赤霉病（表3）。
3.3.2 抗寒性
沧麦17于2019—2020年、2020—2021年经遵化国家农作物品种区域试验站进行抗寒性鉴定，2019—2020年度越冬死茎率为0%；2020—2021年度越冬死茎率为4.4%，抗寒级别为1级，抗寒性评价为好（表4，图5）。
3.3.3 抗旱性
沧麦17于2020—2021年、2021—2022年经河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所进行抗旱性鉴定，2020—2021年度抗旱指数为1.169，抗旱性等级为较强；2021—2022年度抗旱指数为1.119，抗旱性等级为强（表5）。
3.3.4 耐盐性
沧麦17于2021—2022年、2022—2023年盐池（土壤盐碱度3‰~5‰）进行全生育期耐盐性鉴定，以捷麦19为耐盐对照品种，2021—2022年度沧麦17的耐盐等级为2级，耐盐性为耐盐；2022—2023年沧麦17的耐盐等级为2级，耐盐性为耐盐（表6，图6）。
3.4 品种品质分析
沧麦17于2021年委托河北省农作物品种品质检测中心进行品质分析，其容重为820 g/L，粗蛋白质（干基）含量为13.7%，湿面筋（14%湿基）含量为29.3%，吸水量61.4 mL/100 g，面团稳定时间2 min。
4 栽培技术要点
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4.1 适种区域
沧麦17适宜在河北省沧州市、衡水市、邢台市旱地及旱薄盐碱地种植。
4.2 播前整地，重施底肥
播前需要精细整地，确保土壤松软无坷垃，土层上松下实。施用尿素（250~300） kg/hm2，磷酸二胺（380~400） kg/hm2或施用复合肥（N∶P∶K=1∶1∶1）（700~750） kg/hm2作为底肥。同时可施用农家肥（12000~15000） kg/hm2，提高土壤有机质含量。选用3%辛硫磷等药物，以防治地下害虫[20]。
4.3 适期、适量播种
根据天气情况和土壤墒情在适播期内及时播种，旱薄盐碱地应在10月1日前播种，要力争早播。旱薄地播量（190~220） kg/hm2，旱肥地播量（140~160） kg/hm2。播后及时镇压，以抗旱保墒，保证出苗。
4.4 田间管理
无水浇条件的旱地可采用“三墒耕播技术”进行管理[15]。及时进行田间除草作业，冬前除草应选择在小麦三叶期至五叶期，开春后选择小麦返青期。在小麦返青到起身期间，可趁墒追施尿素300 kg/hm2，若遇到干旱则可以施用水溶性肥料。
4.5 病虫害防治
小麦抽穗灌浆期利用无人机进行“一喷多防”，将杀虫剂、杀菌剂、叶面肥、生产调节剂等按照田间病虫害发生情况进行混合喷施，防治病虫害发生，提高小麦抗干热风能力，预防小麦早衰[21]。
4.6 适时收获
在沧麦17的蜡熟末期至完熟期进行机械收割。待籽粒含水量低于13%时即可人库贮藏，确保颗粒归仓。
5 结论
收起
小麦新品种沧麦17聚合了父本沧麦12节水广适的特点，保留了母本HXJ2012-49抗旱、耐盐碱的抗逆特性。沧麦17的苗期生长繁茂，抗旱、耐盐碱等抗逆性表现突出，成株期叶色深绿，轻微蜡质，茎秆弹性好、抗倒伏能力强，穗层整齐，穗粒数多、千粒重稳定，高抗条锈病。沧麦17籽粒的粗蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量高，适合做旱碱麦面花。沧麦17的稳产性突出，综合抗逆性强，在河北省沧州市、衡水市和邢台市等黑龙港河流域旱薄盐碱地区具有较大的推广前景。
基金
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  • 河北省耐盐碱作物种业科技创新团队项目（23327501D）；财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS−03）；河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目（21326318D）
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第43卷第19期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.04.00109
  • 接收时间：2025-04-26
  • 首发时间：2025-12-18
  • 出版时间：2025-10-13
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  • 收稿日期：2025-04-26
  • 修回日期：2025-07-28
  • 录用日期：2025-09-29
基金
河北省耐盐碱作物种业科技创新团队项目（23327501D）；财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS−03）；河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目（21326318D）
作者信息
    1. 沧州市农林科学院河北省旱碱麦重点实验室，沧州 061001
    2. 沧州市农业技术推广站，沧州 061001
    3. 河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所，石家庄 050051

通讯作者:

钮力亚（通信作者），副研究员，研究方向为小麦育种与遗传改良，电子信箱：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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