Article(id=1208361638332318143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208361635656352181, articleNumber=null, orderNo=23, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.05.00119, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1747756800000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-21, revisedDate=1750176000000, revisedDateStr=2025-06-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766025464851, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1757692800000, pubDateStr=2025-09-13, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762358400000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766025464851, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774079977263, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1208361635656352181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2025', volume='43', issue='17', pageStart='1', pageEnd='144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1757692800000', pubDateStr='2025-09-13', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766025464214, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1774330860874, updator='13041195026', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243196994169189037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208361635656352181, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243196994169189038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208361635656352181, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=122, endPage=131, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208361638684639687, articleId=1208361638332318143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Emerging trends and challenges in nanocomposite drugs for brain tumor therapy, columnId=1150494644690366681, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Papers, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and lethal form of brain cancer, remains a formidable clinical challenge due to its molecular heterogeneity, pronounced invasiveness, the restrictive nature of the blood−brain barrier (BBB), and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Conventional therapeutic modalities comprising surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, offer limited efficacy, with the 5−year survival rate remaining below 10%. Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled the rational design of nanocomposite drug systems capable of penetrating the BBB, enabling site−specific drug delivery, and reducing systemic toxicity. These multifunctional nanoplatforms not only enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics but also allow integration with immunomodulators, genetic tools, and imaging agents for synergistic multimodal therapies. This review critically examines the clinical and biological landscape of GBM, highlights recent breakthroughs in nanocomposite drug design, and discusses the translational hurdles and future directions toward clinical implementation. Together, these insights offer a forward−looking perspective on leveraging nanotechnology for precision therapy in GBM.
, authors=null, authorsList=Junyan ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208361639414448602, articleId=1208361638332318143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=纳米复合药物治疗脑肿瘤研究热点与挑战, columnId=1146540929516700224, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM),是中枢神经系统中最具侵袭性和致命性的恶性肿瘤之一。现行治疗手段如手术切除、放疗和化疗等,因GBM显著的分子异质性、高度侵袭性、血脑屏障(BBB)阻隔以及免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境而效果有限,目前患者5年生存率仍不足10%。近年来,纳米技术的迅猛发展为GBM靶向治疗提供了新契机。通过精准调控纳米材料的物理化学特性,纳米复合药物不仅可实现穿越BBB的高效递送,还能降低全身毒性,增强治疗靶向性。此外,该类药物平台可集成化疗药物、免疫调节剂、基因治疗载体及成像探针,实现诊疗一体化和多模态协同治疗。概述了GBM的临床治疗现状与主要挑战,分析了其生物学特性及微环境特征,重点探讨了纳米复合药物在GBM治疗中的设计策略、功能优势、研究进展及转化应用面临的主要问题,旨在为该领域的基础研究与临床应用提供参考与思路。
, authors=
, authorsList=张君妍, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Hw8h5R4OX7SlTZDAzw/9qg==, magXml=Hw8h5R4OX7SlTZDAzw/9qg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=QTIU6NonLW7JcRKeVXGiJw==, pdfFileSize=3834926, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=i+xiUHh/TgbIokj3sgiIpQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=S8xKs4Y9KtR656YGfXgZ/Q==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1242144728075019253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=junyanzhang@dhu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242144728167293944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, authorId=1242144728075019253, language=EN, stringName=Junyan ZHANG, firstName=Junyan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
2. Songjiang Research Institute Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242144728242791417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, authorId=1242144728075019253, language=CN, stringName=张君妍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. 上海交通大学医学院附属松江医院,上海 201600
2. 上海交通大学医学院附属松江研究院,上海 201600, bio={"content":"
张君妍,副研究员,研究方向为生物基纳米复合材料、杂化多孔材料、多功能荧光探针、脑肿瘤力学调控,电子信箱:junyanzhang@dhu.edu.cn
"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=
张君妍,副研究员,研究方向为生物基纳米复合材料、杂化多孔材料、多功能荧光探针、脑肿瘤力学调控,电子信箱:junyanzhang@dhu.edu.cn
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12(1): 24- 43., articleTitle=Nanotechnology strategies to advance outcomes in clinical cancer care, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1242144729811460110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(82272227,52203176,32471019);上海市自然科学基金项目(202340045);中国科协第八届青年人才托举工程项目(YESS20220160), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242144727936607214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242144727940801519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, companyId=1242144727936607214, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242144727949190128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, companyId=1242144727936607214, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 上海交通大学医学院附属松江医院,上海 201600)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242144727999521777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242144728012104690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, companyId=1242144727999521777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Songjiang Research Institute Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242144728016298995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, companyId=1242144727999521777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. 上海交通大学医学院附属松江研究院,上海 201600)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242144729245229062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=OogHPLvG94+HNqC4EQwnpQ==, figureFileBig=iFHRfXBuAhxAW01v78Sn0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242144729329115143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
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| BBB渗透机制 | | 原理 | | 常见靶点 | | 代表性修饰与方法 | | 优势 | | 缺点 |
| 增强渗透与滞留效应(EPR) | | 病灶区血管内皮细胞连接松散,纳米粒子被动弥散进入脑组织 | | 病理条件下血管内皮细胞紧密连接松散 | | 无需主动修饰 | | 实现纳米药物被动靶向富集 | | 受BBB残余功能、肿瘤异质性和高间质压限制,渗透深度不足且分布不均,穿透效率低 |
受体介导转运 (RMT) | | 利用BBB内皮细胞高表达的特定受体,将纳米颗粒表面修饰相应配体,触发受体介导的内吞及跨细胞转运 | | 转铁蛋白受体1(TfR1)、低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLRs)、胰岛素受体等 | | 转铁蛋白修饰、人重链铁蛋白、血管肽−2、载脂蛋白E衍生肽辉、细胞膜仿生包裹等 | | 靶向特异性高,可转运较大纳米颗粒,转运效率高 | | 易受内体−溶酶体降解,配体表达异质性影响疗效 |
| 载体介导转运(CMT) | | 利用BBB上营养物质转运蛋白,通过构象变化将修饰了底物的纳米颗粒进行跨膜输送 | | 葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT1)、大中性氨基酸转运蛋白(LAT1)、胆碱转运蛋白等 | | 葡萄糖、氨基酸、胆碱等 | | 仿生高效,转运速度接近生理底物(秒级) | | 尺寸限制严苛(通常小于5 nm),内源性底物(如血糖)竞争抑制显著,转运效率有限 |
| 吸附介导转运(AMT) | | 依赖正电荷纳米颗粒与内皮细胞带负电荷膜表面的静电吸附,引发非特异性内吞 | | 不依赖特定受体 | | 细胞穿透肽(CPP)、阳离子脂质体、阳离子聚合物聚乙烯亚胺修饰等 | | 通用性强,无需特定受体/载体表达 | | 非特异性强,易引发全身毒性与免疫反应 |
| 细胞介导转运 | | 将纳米颗粒装载于具有BBB穿透能力的活细胞内,利用细胞迁移机制实现“特洛伊木马”式递送 | | 炎症趋化因子响应迁移、肿瘤归巢效应、变形穿越内皮间隙等 | | 搭载巨噬细胞、间充质干细胞、中性粒细胞等 | | 突破多重屏障,实现长效缓释 | | 载药细胞存活率低,免疫清除导致递送效率不稳定 |
BBB破坏增强 转运 | | 通过物理/化学手段可逆打开BBB紧密连接,增大内皮间隙 | | 血管内皮细胞紧密连接 | | BBB化学开放剂(如腺苷A2A受体激动剂)、聚焦超声、微波、激光、电磁场等 | | 瞬时大幅提升穿透效率(10~100倍) | | 屏障开放不可控(脑水肿/出血风险),时间窗短 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242144729677242381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1208361638332318143, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
纳米颗粒的BBB渗透机制分类与解析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| BBB渗透机制 | | 原理 | | 常见靶点 | | 代表性修饰与方法 | | 优势 | | 缺点 |
| 增强渗透与滞留效应(EPR) | | 病灶区血管内皮细胞连接松散,纳米粒子被动弥散进入脑组织 | | 病理条件下血管内皮细胞紧密连接松散 | | 无需主动修饰 | | 实现纳米药物被动靶向富集 | | 受BBB残余功能、肿瘤异质性和高间质压限制,渗透深度不足且分布不均,穿透效率低 |
受体介导转运 (RMT) | | 利用BBB内皮细胞高表达的特定受体,将纳米颗粒表面修饰相应配体,触发受体介导的内吞及跨细胞转运 | | 转铁蛋白受体1(TfR1)、低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLRs)、胰岛素受体等 | | 转铁蛋白修饰、人重链铁蛋白、血管肽−2、载脂蛋白E衍生肽辉、细胞膜仿生包裹等 | | 靶向特异性高,可转运较大纳米颗粒,转运效率高 | | 易受内体−溶酶体降解,配体表达异质性影响疗效 |
| 载体介导转运(CMT) | | 利用BBB上营养物质转运蛋白,通过构象变化将修饰了底物的纳米颗粒进行跨膜输送 | | 葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT1)、大中性氨基酸转运蛋白(LAT1)、胆碱转运蛋白等 | | 葡萄糖、氨基酸、胆碱等 | | 仿生高效,转运速度接近生理底物(秒级) | | 尺寸限制严苛(通常小于5 nm),内源性底物(如血糖)竞争抑制显著,转运效率有限 |
| 吸附介导转运(AMT) | | 依赖正电荷纳米颗粒与内皮细胞带负电荷膜表面的静电吸附,引发非特异性内吞 | | 不依赖特定受体 | | 细胞穿透肽(CPP)、阳离子脂质体、阳离子聚合物聚乙烯亚胺修饰等 | | 通用性强,无需特定受体/载体表达 | | 非特异性强,易引发全身毒性与免疫反应 |
| 细胞介导转运 | | 将纳米颗粒装载于具有BBB穿透能力的活细胞内,利用细胞迁移机制实现“特洛伊木马”式递送 | | 炎症趋化因子响应迁移、肿瘤归巢效应、变形穿越内皮间隙等 | | 搭载巨噬细胞、间充质干细胞、中性粒细胞等 | | 突破多重屏障,实现长效缓释 | | 载药细胞存活率低,免疫清除导致递送效率不稳定 |
BBB破坏增强 转运 | | 通过物理/化学手段可逆打开BBB紧密连接,增大内皮间隙 | | 血管内皮细胞紧密连接 | | BBB化学开放剂(如腺苷A2A受体激动剂)、聚焦超声、微波、激光、电磁场等 | | 瞬时大幅提升穿透效率(10~100倍) | | 屏障开放不可控(脑水肿/出血风险),时间窗短 |
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