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染色体数目异常与癌症、衰老等重大疾病的关联早已确立，但一项来自真菌的发现正在动摇这一生物学共识。2025年5月15日，四川大学张跃林团队在《Science》发表的研究成果显示，多核真菌中存在一种反常规的染色体分配机制——染色体并非均等分配，而是以随机的非对称方式进入不同细胞核。这一发现打破了“染色体必须完整传递”的经典细胞分裂范式，为理解生命遗传多样性提供了全新视角。

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（图片来源：《Science》）

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