Article(id=1202251048502128679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1202251045700333591, articleNumber=null, orderNo=13, doi=, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764568586707, onlineDateStr=2025-12-01, pubDate=1748361600000, pubDateStr=2025-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1750780800000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-06-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764568586707, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774079682614, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1202251045700333591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2025', volume='43', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748361600000', pubDateStr='2025-05-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764568586039, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1774330940338, updator='13041195026', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243197327440196270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1202251045700333591, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243197327440196271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1202251045700333591, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=12, endPage=13, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1202251049810751532, articleId=1202251048502128679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=null, columnId=1157710593001177623, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Science and Technology News, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=null, authors=null, authorsList=Erik Stokstad, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1202251050309873714, articleId=1202251048502128679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=单个基因赋予水稻耐高温性, columnId=1157710593177338394, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=科技新闻, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

水稻是喜温作物。然而,在进入花期后,夜间高温环境可能导致水稻减产,并形成垩白粒。育种家已着手解决这些问题,但进展十分缓慢,随着气候变化风险加剧,这一挑战愈加严峻。

, authors=null, authorsList=null, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=GtTLD1LmVQoynaPWDRCsMQ==, magXml=GtTLD1LmVQoynaPWDRCsMQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=0zUhyXFF+MYBKfrj0WucMQ==, pdfFileSize=2907790, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=pkf5ewq0b/1MQyCtnOKMqg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=CgQxsTKxH7l7zRxhhg06YA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1242143480873558206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242143480940667072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, authorId=1242143480873558206, language=EN, stringName=Erik Stokstad, firstName=Erik, middleName=null, lastName=Stokstad, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)], keywords=null, refs=null, funds=null, companyList=null, figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242143481087467713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=V/D9PA2ozIbYujmjJreyiQ==, figureFileBig=UcT90/EwxYa1tBIJ7G8/vw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242143481162965187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, language=CN, label=图1, caption=田间水稻

(图片来源:pexels)

, figureFileSmall=V/D9PA2ozIbYujmjJreyiQ==, figureFileBig=UcT90/EwxYa1tBIJ7G8/vw==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1125356956822126595, delFlag=0, nameCn=科技导报, nameEn=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-7857, eissn=, cn=11-1421/N, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=0, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Rev, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1784015846012, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, picEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283818766098219763, language=CN, name=科技导报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国科学技术协会, publishedBy=科技导报社, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/home, createdTime=1784015846037, updatedTime=1784015846037, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.cast.org.cn/webm/, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283818766144357108, language=EN, name=Science & Technology Review, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/home, createdTime=1784015846048, updatedTime=1784015846048, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.kjdb.org/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://kjdbauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://kjdbeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031591421210625, websiteList=[Website(id=1146104741081231361, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751182263881, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1751778001962, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科技导报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148021146403992296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751639170504, updateTime=1751639170504, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146378826469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751639170498, updateTime=1751639170498, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146366243556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1751639170495, updateTime=1751639170495, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146395603687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751639170502, updateTime=1751639170502, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148021146387215078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146104741081231361, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751639170500, updateTime=1751639170500, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1146105254833139715, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031591421210625, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751182386363, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753500121937, updateBy=18614031015, name=科技导报, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science & Technology Review, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155838567709528217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753502988984, updateTime=1753502988984, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567692750998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753502988980, updateTime=1753502988980, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567688556693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic?fileId=9GHSf7eGlIPH0Tv/OOdstA==, createTime=1753502988979, updateTime=1753502988979, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567705333912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1753502988983, updateTime=1753502988983, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155838567701139607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146105254833139715, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1753502988982, updateTime=1753502988982, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科技导报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science & Technology Review, journalPhotoCn=wfghvu3bhh/dKxuZ+ucVHA==, journalPhotoEn=yjSfclmpNm7ihn9NbTZ69g==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=1, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=0.91, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/Y2025/V43/I10/12, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/Y2025/V43/I10/12, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/PDF/Y2025/V43/I10/12, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/EN/PDF/Y2025/V43/I10/12, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1748361600000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
单个基因赋予水稻耐高温性
收藏切换
PDF下载
科技导报 | 科技新闻 2025,43(10): 12-13
收起
收藏切换
科技导报 |科技新闻 2025 , 43 (10) : 12 -13
单个基因赋予水稻耐高温性
全屏
[Author(id=1242143480873558206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242143480940667072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1202251048502128679, authorId=1242143480873558206, language=EN, stringName=Erik Stokstad, firstName=Erik, middleName=null, lastName=Stokstad, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
作者信息
Erik Stokstad
Affiliations
出版时间: 2025-05-28 doi:
文章导航
收藏切换

水稻是喜温作物。然而,在进入花期后,夜间高温环境可能导致水稻减产,并形成垩白粒。育种家已着手解决这些问题,但进展十分缓慢,随着气候变化风险加剧,这一挑战愈加严峻。

. 单个基因赋予水稻耐高温性. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (10) : 12 -13 .
Erik Stokstad. Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (10) : 12 -13 .
新发现有望让水稻在高温天气下维持优质与稳产
水稻是喜温作物。然而,在进入花期后,夜间高温环境可能导致水稻减产,并形成垩白粒。育种家已着手解决这些问题,但进展十分缓慢,随着气候变化风险加剧,这一挑战愈加严峻。
经过10余年探索,中国研究人员于2025年4月30日在《Cell》上发表研究,揭示了一种关键基因。研究证实,该基因的自然变异体可在高温环境下同时维持水稻产量与品质。对此,阿肯色州立大学研究水稻高温胁迫的植物生物化学家Argelia Lorence表示,“这项研究是一项重大突破”。她指出,除水稻以外,该基因可能对其他作物有着更广泛的影响,小麦、玉米等面临类似热害问题的谷物同样携带该基因。
气温上升对水稻生产的威胁与日俱增。菲律宾国际水稻研究所(IRRI)2004年发表的一项标志性研究发现,1979—2003年,夜间平均气温每升高1℃,水稻产量就下降10%。在亚洲和非洲的许多水稻种植区,夜间升温速度始终是白天的2倍。
2012年,中国某研究团队开始筛选耐高温的水稻品种。在华中农业大学植物遗传学家李一博的带领下,该团队在中国夜间温度较高的4个地区种植了533个水稻品种。水稻收割后,该团队通过简单统计白色不透明籽粒的数量,评估了籽粒的垩白度,其中,“成恢448”和“OM1723”2个实验品种表现突出。通过品种杂交和追踪杂交种的遗传标记,该团队最终锁定位于12号染色体上的决定“品质耐热”性状的基因,并将其命名为QT12
经过进一步实验,该团队揭示了QT12基因在高温环境下引发问题并导致形成垩白粒的具体过程。在常温环境下,调控该基因的3种转录因子会结合成复合体,而在高温环境下,其中1种因子发生脱离,并结合到激活QT12基因的启动子区域。这一基因调控变化会干扰内质网(协助蛋白质折叠和分子运输的关键细胞器),进而导致胚乳(构成籽粒的组织)中蛋白质储藏减少,淀粉堆积增多。淀粉分子排列不紧密,其他研究人员已经证实,这正是籽粒呈现垩白的原因,而且会导致稻米加工时易碎易断裂,蒸煮后口感黏腻。
在未来的研究中,李一博及其团队将重点探究QT12基因调控的改变如何影响稻米产量。阿肯色大学植物生物技术专家Vibha Srivastava提出一种假设:内质网功能紊乱会干扰开花过程,降低结实率,从而造成减产。
基因编辑实验证实,QT12基因确实会同时影响稻米产量和品质。研究人员敲除某一热敏感水稻实验株系的QT12基因后,发现经修饰的水稻产量保持稳定,而未经修饰的水稻则减产58%。对此,Srivastava兴奋地表示,尽管水稻商业品种的基因编辑仍存在难题,但该研究发现有望为水稻耐热性改良带来助益。
传统育种也可能于此受益。李一博团队鉴定出QT12基因在高温胁迫下保持惰性的多个变异体(等位基因),并将“成恢448”品种中的2个QT12等位基因导入温敏型水稻“华占”(中国杂交稻培育广泛使用的育种材料)。田间试验表明,改良版“华占”水稻的耐高温表现明显更优,不同试验地区增产率为31%~78%,稻米垩白率仅为10%,而常规“华占”品种的垩白率为60%。
此外,李一博团队还发现,保护性等位基因在栽培稻亚种籼稻中并不罕见,而籼稻比亚洲另一重要栽培稻亚种粳稻的耐高温性更强。通过分析全球4726个水稻品种,该团队发现,有18%的品种携带QT12耐热等位基因,但能够适应寒冷气候的粳稻测试品种均未携带该基因。推测认为,在未知遗传机制的情况下,低纬度地区的育种家或稻农可能在历史某个节点选择保留了QT12的有利等位基因,以抵御高温对水稻产量的影响。
单个基因能同时影响稻米品质和产量2个重要性状,Srivas‐ tava十分感叹,并表示“这是一项了不起的发现”。李一博透露,华中农业大学已经与中国主要水稻育种企业签署协议,计划共同培育耐热种系。他表示,“希望广大育种工作者能够关注我们的研究成果,并积极应用到水稻生产中”。路易斯安那州立大学水稻育种家Adam Famoso对此很感兴趣,尝试在当地水稻品种中纳入QT12等位基因。他设想,“如果我们能取得类似的研究成果,将产生巨大影响”。
国际水稻研究所稻米品质研究人员Nese Sreenivasulu预测,这一研究发现将为温带地区种植粳稻品种带来最大效益,这些地区目前的水稻作物对高温尤为敏感。但他认为,若想完全保护热带地区籼稻品种免受夜间30℃高温影响,仅靠单个基因提供的保护远远不够。他表示,科学家仍需继续筛选种质资源,“我们必须找到耐极端高温的种系”。
(译自《Science》,2025,388(6746))

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
2025年第43卷第10期
PDF下载
361
179
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 首发时间:2025-12-01
  • 出版时间:2025-05-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
基金
作者信息
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/1202251048502128679
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏