Article(id=1324320300766212661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1324320221309313194, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2026.06.00060, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1780761600000, receivedDateStr=2026-06-07, revisedDate=1789056000000, revisedDateStr=2026-09-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793672164384, onlineDateStr=2026-11-03, pubDate=1790524800000, pubDateStr=2026-09-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793672164384, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793672164384, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793672164384, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324320221309313194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2026', volume='44', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='180', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1790524800000', pubDateStr='2026-09-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793672145439, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793673806843, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324327189847605469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1324320221309313194, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324327189847605470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1324320221309313194, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=79, endPage=93, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324320301244363318, articleId=1324320300766212661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Observation advances of the Hainan VHF Coherent Scatter Phased Array Radar (HCOPAR), columnId=1150494642224591153, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Exclusive, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The Hainan coherent scatter phased−array radar (HCOPAR) operates at 47 MHz and detects meter−scale field−aligned irregularities in the low−latitude ionosphere. It is the first independently developed VHF coherent scatter phased−array radar of this type in mainland China. This review summarizes the system configuration, observing capability, and major scientific results of HCOPAR. Long−term observations reveal clear local−time, seasonal, and altitude variations in E−region irregularities. The observations also identify quasi−periodic echoes, low−altitude quasi−periodic echoes, and V−shaped echoes. Combined radar, ionosonde, meteor−radar, and geomagnetic observations constrain the spatial structures and possible excitation processes of these echoes. The results indicate that neutral−wind shear, plasma density gradients, and geomagnetic disturbances can influence E−region irregularities. For the F region, statistical studies characterize the occurrence of nighttime echoes and their dependence on ionospheric height. Daytime observations show that residual irregularities may enter the radar field of view along magnetic field lines. Radar imaging further reveals their discrete spatial structures and rapid dissipation under sunlight. Joint airglow and radar measurements distinguish the distributions of meter−scale irregularities within and outside equatorial plasma bubbles. These measurements suggest that density gradients, polarization electric fields, and bubble evolution jointly regulate the irregularities. Geomagnetic disturbances can alter the motion and lifetime of F−region irregularities. Medium−scale traveling ionospheric disturbances can also modulate or trigger stripe−like echoes. The available results demonstrate the value of HCOPAR for studying multiscale coupling in the East Asian low−latitude ionosphere. Future work should combine long−term statistics, interferometric imaging, and coordinated observations from radars, optical instruments, Global Navigation Satellite System receivers, and satellites.
, authors=Chunxiao YAN
1, Jiaxin GUO
2, Gang CHEN
3, *, Jiyao XU
1, Jingye YAN
1, Tao YU
2, Min ZHANG
3, Jin WANG
2, Yuanlin JIA
3, Pengfei HU
1, 3, authorsList=Chunxiao YAN, Jiaxin GUO, Gang CHEN, Jiyao XU, Jingye YAN, Tao YU, Min ZHANG, Jin WANG, Yuanlin JIA, Pengfei HU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Gang CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324320305778405971, articleId=1324320300766212661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=子午工程海南VHF雷达(HCOPAR)观测进展, columnId=1150494642375586098, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=特色专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
海南相干散射相控阵雷达(Hainan VHF Coherent Scatter Phased Array Radar,HCOPAR)是中国大陆首台自主研制、用于低纬电离层米尺度场向不规则体探测的甚高频(very high frequency,VHF)相干散射相控阵雷达。长期观测揭示了E区不规则体的地方时、季节和高度分布特征,以及准周期、低高度准周期和V形回波的空间结构与可能机制;联合测高仪、流星雷达和地磁指数观测表明,中性风剪切、梯度漂移不稳定性和地磁扰动可影响E区不规则体。F区研究刻画了夜间回波统计特征、日间残余不规则体的耗散、泡内外米尺度结构的分布,以及地磁扰动和中尺度行进式电离层扰动的作用。现有成果表明,HCOPAR为认识东亚低纬电离层多尺度耦合过程及其空间天气效应提供了重要观测基础。
, authors=燕春晓
1, 郭嘉欣
2, 陈罡
3, *, 徐寄遥
1, 阎敬业
1, 余涛
2, 张敏
3, 王锦
2, 贾渊琳
3, 胡鹏飞
1, 3, authorsList=燕春晓, 郭嘉欣, 陈罡, 徐寄遥, 阎敬业, 余涛, 张敏, 王锦, 贾渊琳, 胡鹏飞, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈罡, authorNote=
, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=
版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=jpQT+z+AaTMOFiGR8VRfJg==, magXml=LdcgSIkOT8rgm9KhbJKe1g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=msDoNctZ9uF0YCpDTkXkiA==, pdfFileSize=4960255, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=NFjloe1wAjAgmXllnQny4w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=sX+/i+4ppg+73qUADxUOUg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1324320306701152862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cxyan@spaceweather.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324320306915062368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, authorId=1324320306701152862, language=EN, stringName=Chunxiao YAN, firstName=Chunxiao, middleName=null, lastName=YAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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HCOPAR雷达波束指向, figureFileSmall=E0FQLTGrXoV0Tn+UtCSrTQ==, figureFileBig=XTsVFFsTKdsf9joPNkxZdw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315119121057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0rUq2naqLb2klyZ7Vkjj+g==, figureFileBig=pZ8d1Vb1GKsOAS7CsHUiIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315177841314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
E区回波发生率与流星雷达纬向风叠加统计, figureFileSmall=0rUq2naqLb2klyZ7Vkjj+g==, figureFileBig=pZ8d1Vb1GKsOAS7CsHUiIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315240755875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=uXJytiQNYyxvLUG65spNOQ==, figureFileBig=/mIDKZTuHM6Ls8ju1FHiIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315312059044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
E区QP回波方向与背景等离子体南北漂移方向的关联, figureFileSmall=uXJytiQNYyxvLUG65spNOQ==, figureFileBig=/mIDKZTuHM6Ls8ju1FHiIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315374973605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=W0ArE/HQu+DODE6+gQHw5A==, figureFileBig=vjFtJTaRlVw2TEorUxk0Bg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315442082470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
HCOPAR观测的E区低高度准周期回波及典型回波迹的空间演化, figureFileSmall=W0ArE/HQu+DODE6+gQHw5A==, figureFileBig=vjFtJTaRlVw2TEorUxk0Bg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315504997031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=7np5haY2J7zNUTGudNTIxA==, figureFileBig=aowfc1BT/TOHPELJWIxEog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315572105896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
日间E区V形强回波、foEs增强与电离层闪烁, figureFileSmall=7np5haY2J7zNUTGudNTIxA==, figureFileBig=aowfc1BT/TOHPELJWIxEog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315635020457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=BJzetRRPcYK5SCzYQQp1SQ==, figureFileBig=HgGqwS+4oz3220onDE9ong==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315723100842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
地磁活动期间foEs增强与HCOPAR对E区FAI联合观测, figureFileSmall=BJzetRRPcYK5SCzYQQp1SQ==, figureFileBig=HgGqwS+4oz3220onDE9ong==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315794404011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=iZeu7zcVE5plA3KDtpUBFA==, figureFileBig=4CTxoFtGW7zTk7ozeyXtCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315869901484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
2014—2017年HCOPAR夜间F区回波平均功率分布, figureFileSmall=iZeu7zcVE5plA3KDtpUBFA==, figureFileBig=4CTxoFtGW7zTk7ozeyXtCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320315941204653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=iZ2Oahcy6cCHVf59tY9NWg==, figureFileBig=ize0eIm+TvQUSB+XA4Dnjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320316004119214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
HCOPAR记录的白天F区不规则体和成像观测结果, figureFileSmall=iZ2Oahcy6cCHVf59tY9NWg==, figureFileBig=ize0eIm+TvQUSB+XA4Dnjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320316083810991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qx/676ucfbaCXXgiMdL3yQ==, figureFileBig=0K9ni2pMw1j5SzDXnDDgPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320316146725552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
MSTID与HCOPAR条带状F区FAI的联合观测, figureFileSmall=qx/676ucfbaCXXgiMdL3yQ==, figureFileBig=0K9ni2pMw1j5SzDXnDDgPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320316218028721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LtY5oM84QFhG3OKOZpFIBQ==, figureFileBig=6bx6RWXt+uarW6YMQwgUsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320316280943282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
小尺度FAI迁移至EPB边界之外的可能机制示意, figureFileSmall=LtY5oM84QFhG3OKOZpFIBQ==, figureFileBig=6bx6RWXt+uarW6YMQwgUsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320318004802227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=hiR8g+GwlgYyK0Xuen+G0w==, figureFileBig=jYS2S7WO5/Um42MFfR/kUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320318088688308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
EPB顶点纬度、顶点高度及HCOPAR场向不规则体持续时间, figureFileSmall=hiR8g+GwlgYyK0Xuen+G0w==, figureFileBig=jYS2S7WO5/Um42MFfR/kUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324320318155797173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 参数或典型值 |
|---|
| 台址 | 海南儋州富克站(19.5°N,109.1°E) |
| 工作频率与目标尺度 | 47 MHz;主要探测约3.2 m尺度的场向不规则体 |
| 天线阵列规模 | 发射/主接收阵列18×4,共72副5单元八木天线;2020年新增2个9×4只接收子阵,接收天线总数144副 |
| 发射功率 | 单T/R通道峰值750 W;系统总峰值54 kW,共72个发射通道 |
| 带宽与编码 | 最大带宽2 MHz;采用7位或13位Barker编码 |
| 波束配置 | 7个波束;方位角−22.5°~+22.5°,间隔7.5°;中心波束指向正北 |
| 中心波束与波束宽度 | 中心波束仰角61.36°;半功率波束宽度为方位向4.6°、俯仰向21.7° |
| 探测距离与距离分辨率 | 常规模式约80~700 km、0.711 km;高分辨率E区模式约80~330 km、0.178 km |
| 时间分辨率 | 单波束模式20 s;7波束依次扫描约120 s完成一轮 |
| 主要输出参数 | 回波功率/信噪比、多普勒速度和谱宽;原始I/Q数据可用于谱分析、干涉测量和成像 |
), ArticleFig(id=1324320318231294646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1324320300766212661, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
HCOPAR主要技术指标与典型观测参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 参数或典型值 |
|---|
| 台址 | 海南儋州富克站(19.5°N,109.1°E) |
| 工作频率与目标尺度 | 47 MHz;主要探测约3.2 m尺度的场向不规则体 |
| 天线阵列规模 | 发射/主接收阵列18×4,共72副5单元八木天线;2020年新增2个9×4只接收子阵,接收天线总数144副 |
| 发射功率 | 单T/R通道峰值750 W;系统总峰值54 kW,共72个发射通道 |
| 带宽与编码 | 最大带宽2 MHz;采用7位或13位Barker编码 |
| 波束配置 | 7个波束;方位角−22.5°~+22.5°,间隔7.5°;中心波束指向正北 |
| 中心波束与波束宽度 | 中心波束仰角61.36°;半功率波束宽度为方位向4.6°、俯仰向21.7° |
| 探测距离与距离分辨率 | 常规模式约80~700 km、0.711 km;高分辨率E区模式约80~330 km、0.178 km |
| 时间分辨率 | 单波束模式20 s;7波束依次扫描约120 s完成一轮 |
| 主要输出参数 | 回波功率/信噪比、多普勒速度和谱宽;原始I/Q数据可用于谱分析、干涉测量和成像 |
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