Article(id=1288421751050711291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1288421735473058437, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.12.00111, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1766332800000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-22, revisedDate=1770566400000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1785113283169, onlineDateStr=2026-07-27, pubDate=1783872000000, pubDateStr=2026-07-13, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1785113283169, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1785113283169, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1785113283169, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1288421735473058437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2026', volume='44', issue='13', pageStart='1', pageEnd='188', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783872000000', pubDateStr='2026-07-13', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1785113279455, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1785113348006, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1288422023114240128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1288421735473058437, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1288422023118434433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1288421735473058437, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=115, endPage=130, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1288421751273009404, articleId=1288421751050711291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Oxide porous ceramics and aerogels for thermal insulation applications in extreme thermal environments, columnId=1150494642224591153, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Exclusive, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
As aerospace technology advances toward higher speeds and longer flight durations, aircraft face new thermal challenges in extreme environments. Conventional thermal protection systems are no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of these applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct research on the design and manufacturing of novel thermal protection systems. In line with the trend toward integrating thermal protection and insulation, thermal insulation materials must possess excellent thermal insulation, high temperature resistance, and mechanical properties. Both porous ceramics and aerogels present significant performance trade−offs, making it imperative to optimize their comprehensive properties of these materials to meet the requirements of extreme applications. This article systematically reviews the research progress on oxide porous ceramics and aerogels as high−performance thermal insulation materials, and details their material characteristics, preparation methods, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties, and high−temperature resistance. Through strategies such as compositional design, fiber reinforcement, and structural regulation, the thermal insulation and mechanical properties of oxide porous ceramics and aerogels can be tailored, endowing them with broad application potential in thermal protection systems for extreme environments.
, authors=Peng WANG
1, 2, 3, 4, Yaru CHEN
1, 2, 3, Zhiqiang CHENG
4, Lijuan ZHANG
5, 6, *, Baosheng XU
7, Guangwu WEN
1, 3, *, authorsList=Peng WANG, Yaru CHEN, Zhiqiang CHENG, Lijuan ZHANG, Baosheng XU, Guangwu WEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lijuan ZHANG, Guangwu WEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1288421755593142555, articleId=1288421751050711291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=应用于极端热环境的氧化物多孔陶瓷及气凝胶隔热材料, columnId=1150494642375586098, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=特色专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
随着航空航天装备向更高速度、更长航时的方向发展,飞行器在极端热环境中面临“新热障”挑战,传统热防护系统已难以满足其应用需求,亟须开展新型热防护系统的设计及制造研究。在防隔热一体化趋势下,隔热材料须兼具优异的隔热性能、耐温性能和力学性能。现有多孔陶瓷和气凝胶等存在显著性能权衡,亟须通过材料设计优化综合性能以满足极端应用场景的要求。系统介绍了氧化物多孔陶瓷及气凝胶作为高性能隔热材料的研究进展,详细阐述了氧化物多孔陶瓷及气凝胶的材料特性、制备方法、隔热性能、力学性能和耐高温性能等。通过组分设计、纤维增强、结构调控等手段,可以对多孔氧化物陶瓷及气凝胶在隔热性能与力学性能上进行调节,使其在极端环境热防护系统中展现出广阔的应用前景。
, authors=王鹏
1, 2, 3, 4, 陈亚茹
1, 2, 3, 程之强
4, 张丽娟
5, 6, *, 徐宝升
7, 温广武
1, 3, *, authorsList=王鹏, 陈亚茹, 程之强, 张丽娟, 徐宝升, 温广武, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张丽娟, 温广武, authorNote=
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版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=《科技导报》编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=rSkhIDQvlwGgvHrZkC+F7w==, magXml=EdXmm6ydiV0oxDrobz4xcQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ISH1ro19ac5vzGUBaTAVxQ==, pdfFileSize=8443808, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=tT7V3YlY4xElA2pVaGugrA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=DLM6EpSkstg5VElT/0gXkg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1288421757996478770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wangpeng1@sdut.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758113919287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421757996478770, language=EN, stringName=Peng WANG, firstName=Peng, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, 4, address=
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
2Sinoma Jiangxi Insulator and Electricity Co., Ltd., Pingxiang 337000, China
3Discipline and Technology Center for High Temperature Functional Ceramics, Zibo 255000, China
4Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758197805368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421757996478770, language=CN, stringName=王鹏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, 4, address=
1山东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,淄博 255000
2中材江西电瓷电气有限公司,萍乡 337000
3高温功能陶瓷材料学科与技术中心,淄博 255000
4山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司,淄博 255000, bio={"content":"
王鹏,副教授,研究方向为超高温陶瓷材料、多孔陶瓷和气凝胶材料,电子信箱:wangpeng1@sdut.edu.cn
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王鹏,副教授,研究方向为超高温陶瓷材料、多孔陶瓷和气凝胶材料,电子信箱:wangpeng1@sdut.edu.cn
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1, 2, 3, address=
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
2Sinoma Jiangxi Insulator and Electricity Co., Ltd., Pingxiang 337000, China
3Discipline and Technology Center for High Temperature Functional Ceramics, Zibo 255000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758462046527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421758264914234, language=CN, stringName=陈亚茹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1山东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,淄博 255000
2中材江西电瓷电气有限公司,萍乡 337000
3高温功能陶瓷材料学科与技术中心,淄博 255000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1288421755823829276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1288421755828023581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, companyId=1288421755823829276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1山东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,淄博 255000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1288421755890938143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1288421755895132448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, companyId=1288421755890938143, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2中材江西电瓷电气有限公司,萍乡 337000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1288421755958047010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1288421755966435619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, companyId=1288421755958047010, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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3高温功能陶瓷材料学科与技术中心,淄博 255000)])]), Author(id=1288421758537544001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758608847171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421758537544001, language=EN, stringName=Zhiqiang CHENG, firstName=Zhiqiang, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
4, address=
4Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758684344644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421758537544001, language=CN, stringName=程之强, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
4, address=
4山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司,淄博 255000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1288421756041933093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1288421756050321702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, companyId=1288421756041933093, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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5, 6, *, address=
5Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
6Aerospace Institute of Advanced Material and Processing Technology, Beijing 100074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1288421758936002890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, authorId=1288421758747259206, language=CN, stringName=张丽娟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
5, 6, *, address=
5哈尔滨工业大学复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150001
6航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所,北京 100074, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1288421756130013480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1288421756138402089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, companyId=1288421756130013480, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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单分散SiO2气凝胶、莫来石纤维复合SiO2气凝胶和石英纤维针刺毡增强的SiO2陶瓷气凝胶SEM图, figureFileSmall=La3uND/zndPPsInMRLo+nQ==, figureFileBig=dWrh7/fZjDC9C1lfwXsKPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421762903814508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=pqu73EXKKE3X4SGHBtos8Q==, figureFileBig=GIdb4HdYTxw5LX/FXoyymw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421762970923373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同分散剂(聚丙烯酸(PAA))和疏水改性剂(十二烷基三甲基氯化铵(DTAC))含量制备的多孔Al2O3陶瓷的SEM图(a) 0.40 wt% PAA–0.010 wt% DTAC;(b) 0.40 wt% PAA–0.015 wt% DTAC;(c) 0.40 wt% PAA–0.020 wt% DTAC;(d) 0.45 wt% PAA–0.020 wt% DTAC;(e) 0.50 wt% PAA–0.020 wt% DTAC;(f) 0.55 wt% PAA–0.020 wt% DTAC
, figureFileSmall=pqu73EXKKE3X4SGHBtos8Q==, figureFileBig=GIdb4HdYTxw5LX/FXoyymw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763038032238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=c0haC8VyUopIK2K5Z2VAQQ==, figureFileBig=neiaHq8mr67AI8dY3cXODQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763100946799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
Al2O3/SiC、Al2O3/SiO2复合气凝胶实物图和SEM图, figureFileSmall=c0haC8VyUopIK2K5Z2VAQQ==, figureFileBig=neiaHq8mr67AI8dY3cXODQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763184832880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=OWvo3XH/h62tcHorQlMzhQ==, figureFileBig=M23rXOlCHbq9J+mUc7H1Iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763256136049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
莫来石陶瓷和Al2O3/莫来石多孔陶瓷的SEM图, figureFileSmall=OWvo3XH/h62tcHorQlMzhQ==, figureFileBig=M23rXOlCHbq9J+mUc7H1Iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763335827826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=U3TBmgwPWMOw1kDwKyJMGg==, figureFileBig=0FsSrunjFkmtYHxKwM370Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763407130995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
莫来石纤维多孔陶瓷实物图和SEM图, figureFileSmall=U3TBmgwPWMOw1kDwKyJMGg==, figureFileBig=0FsSrunjFkmtYHxKwM370Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763474239860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Lf/TnmIKysKdRaSAh81eGQ==, figureFileBig=3tJGenaxV52z00czzeoSYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763549737333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
莫来石及Al2O3/SiO2气凝胶复合材料的SEM图, figureFileSmall=Lf/TnmIKysKdRaSAh81eGQ==, figureFileBig=3tJGenaxV52z00czzeoSYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763625234806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=WWv4vN0o+domIzxAzuNEGA==, figureFileBig=EkaZsPpGieUoebgX/UDDow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763692343671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
多孔YSZ陶瓷压缩强度和热导率随烧结温度和固含量的变化规律, figureFileSmall=WWv4vN0o+domIzxAzuNEGA==, figureFileBig=EkaZsPpGieUoebgX/UDDow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763751063928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=wbCMsnt4+n4nzDH+VnAB9g==, figureFileBig=AhDH0ogxfuBm2WvPvzcoFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763818172793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
QFZSA复合材料的实物图和SEM图, figureFileSmall=wbCMsnt4+n4nzDH+VnAB9g==, figureFileBig=AhDH0ogxfuBm2WvPvzcoFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763885281658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2py+a5aqWVGjZGUCvRw+TA==, figureFileBig=H40AAQ6Qx5/CJxlqhs9U7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421763960779131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
模板法制备的镁铝尖晶石多孔陶瓷的SEM图, figureFileSmall=2py+a5aqWVGjZGUCvRw+TA==, figureFileBig=H40AAQ6Qx5/CJxlqhs9U7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421764023693692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=+i3A2XW1/+jrO6N6s6grDg==, figureFileBig=utjdjtFEbkq9w92a70o+TA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421764111774077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=图15, caption=
玄武岩纤维/聚乙烯醇纤维复合泡沫陶瓷、玄武岩/SiO2气凝胶的实物和SEM, figureFileSmall=+i3A2XW1/+jrO6N6s6grDg==, figureFileBig=utjdjtFEbkq9w92a70o+TA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1288421764183077246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | 莫来石 | ZrO2 | 镁铝尖晶石 | 玄武岩 |
|---|
| 熔点/℃ | 1670 | 2054 | 1850 | 2715 | 2135 | 1000~1250 |
| 密度/(g·cm−3) | 2.65 | 3.95 | 3.16 | 5.68 | 3.58 | 2.63 |
| 硬度/GPa | 7~9 | 9 | 6~7 | 10~15 | 16 | 5~6 |
| 热导率/(W·m−1·K−1) | 1.4 | 20~35 | 2.58 | 2.0~2.5 | 16 | 2.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1288421764250186111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
氧化物陶瓷材料基本性能参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | 莫来石 | ZrO2 | 镁铝尖晶石 | 玄武岩 |
|---|
| 熔点/℃ | 1670 | 2054 | 1850 | 2715 | 2135 | 1000~1250 |
| 密度/(g·cm−3) | 2.65 | 3.95 | 3.16 | 5.68 | 3.58 | 2.63 |
| 硬度/GPa | 7~9 | 9 | 6~7 | 10~15 | 16 | 5~6 |
| 热导率/(W·m−1·K−1) | 1.4 | 20~35 | 2.58 | 2.0~2.5 | 16 | 2.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1288421764334072192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 材料种类 | 制备方法 | 孔隙率/% | 密度/(g·cm−3) | 热导率/(W·m−1·K−1) | 参考文献 |
|---|
| SiO2多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | 90.00~97.00 | | 0.039~0.079 | [41] |
| 凝胶注模法 | 83.10 | | 0.116 | [42] |
| SiO2气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.2000~0.6000 | 0.022~0.085 | [45−46] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | | 0.046 | [47] |
| Al2O3气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.3300~0.3600 | 0.030~0.039 | [50−51] |
| 莫来石多孔陶瓷 | 无压烧结 | 31.94~42.19 | | 1.078~1.582 | [52] |
| 发泡法 | 95.90 | 0.1800 | | [53] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.0220 | 0.035 | [54] |
| 凝胶注模法 | 55.90~64.69 | 1.1090~1.3850 | 0.194~0.436 | [55] |
| 莫来石气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | 73.30~90.03 | 0.1760~0.8600 | 0.036~0.220 | [56−57,59] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | | 0.028~0.038 | [60] |
| ZrO2多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | 73.00~89.00 | | 0.137~0.254 | [61−62] |
| ZrO2气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.22 | 0.036 | [64] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.1500~0.5500 | 0.103~0.104 | [65−66] |
| 模板法 | 67.20~71.90 | | 0.180~0.380 | [68] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.0016~0.0122 | 0.026~0.032 | [69] |
| 玄武岩多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | | 0.0089 | 0.031 | [70] |
| 玄武岩气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | 90.00 | | 0.027 | [71] |
), ArticleFig(id=1288421764413763969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1288421751050711291, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
不同方法制备的氧化物多孔陶瓷及气凝胶的孔隙率、密度和热导率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 材料种类 | 制备方法 | 孔隙率/% | 密度/(g·cm−3) | 热导率/(W·m−1·K−1) | 参考文献 |
|---|
| SiO2多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | 90.00~97.00 | | 0.039~0.079 | [41] |
| 凝胶注模法 | 83.10 | | 0.116 | [42] |
| SiO2气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.2000~0.6000 | 0.022~0.085 | [45−46] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | | 0.046 | [47] |
| Al2O3气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.3300~0.3600 | 0.030~0.039 | [50−51] |
| 莫来石多孔陶瓷 | 无压烧结 | 31.94~42.19 | | 1.078~1.582 | [52] |
| 发泡法 | 95.90 | 0.1800 | | [53] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.0220 | 0.035 | [54] |
| 凝胶注模法 | 55.90~64.69 | 1.1090~1.3850 | 0.194~0.436 | [55] |
| 莫来石气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | 73.30~90.03 | 0.1760~0.8600 | 0.036~0.220 | [56−57,59] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | | 0.028~0.038 | [60] |
| ZrO2多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | 73.00~89.00 | | 0.137~0.254 | [61−62] |
| ZrO2气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | | 0.22 | 0.036 | [64] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.1500~0.5500 | 0.103~0.104 | [65−66] |
| 模板法 | 67.20~71.90 | | 0.180~0.380 | [68] |
| 静电纺丝技术 | | 0.0016~0.0122 | 0.026~0.032 | [69] |
| 玄武岩多孔陶瓷 | 发泡法 | | 0.0089 | 0.031 | [70] |
| 玄武岩气凝胶 | 溶胶凝胶法 | 90.00 | | 0.027 | [71] |
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