Article(id=1208356299784433880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208356297246879939, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1741536000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-10, revisedDate=1743955200000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766024192043, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1756310400000, pubDateStr=2025-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1758297600000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766024192043, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774079870157, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1208356297246879939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2025', volume='43', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756310400000', pubDateStr='2025-08-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766024191437, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1774330854827, updator='13041195026', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243196968781070575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208356297246879939, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243196968781070576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1208356297246879939, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=35, endPage=42, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208356300149338334, articleId=1208356299784433880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=In-orbit operation and research progress of the CHASE mission, columnId=1150494642224591153, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Exclusive, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE), dubbed "Xihe" – Goddess of the Sun, is China's first solar space mission for both scientific and technological experiments. Since its launch on October 14, 2021, it has been operating well in orbit with excellent scientific data quality. Based on a new type of satellite platform with ultra-high pointing accuracy and ultra-high stability, the Hα Imaging Spectrograph (HIS) onboard the CHASE mission has, for the first time in the world, achieved space-based spectroscopic observations in the solar Hα waveband. The pixel spectral resolution reaches~0.024 Å, the full-disk scanning time is~46 seconds, and the spatial resolution is~1.2 arcseconds. Using the high-quality data from CHASE, researchers have achieved a series of original scientific results in the dynamic processes of solar activities in the lower atmosphere, the formation, evolution, and eruption of solar filaments, as well as comparative studies of solar and stellar eruptions.

, authors=null, authorsList=Chuan LI, Cheng FANG, Mingde DING, Zhen LI, Ye QIU, Shihao RAO, Pengfei CHEN, Yu DAI, Xin CHENG, Yang GUO, Wei ZHANG, Weiqiang CHENG, Wei YOU, Xi LU, Jianxin CHEN, Chengshan HAN, Qiang LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208356303781605687, articleId=1208356299784433880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=“羲和号”卫星在轨运行和研究进展, columnId=1150494642375586098, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=特色专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于超高指向精度和超高稳定度的新型卫星平台,中国首颗太阳探测科学与技术试验卫星“羲和号”搭载的科学载荷Hα成像光谱仪在国际上首次实现了太阳Hα波段光谱成像的空间观测,像元光谱分辨率0.024 Å,全日面扫描时间46 s,空间分辨率1.2"。论述了利用“羲和号”的高质量科学数据,国内外学者在太阳活动的低层大气动力学过程,太阳暗条的形成、演化和爆发,以及太阳和恒星爆发的比较研究中取得的系列原创科学成果。

, authors=

李川,教授,研究方向为太阳物理和空间天气,电子信箱:

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“羲和号”卫星在轨运行和研究进展
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李川 1, 2 , 方成 1 , 丁明德 1 , 李臻 1 , 邱晔 2 , 饶世豪 1 , 陈鹏飞 1 , 戴煜 1 , 程鑫 1 , 郭洋 1 , 张伟 3, 4 , 程卫强 4 , 尤伟 3 , 陆希 3 , 陈建新 3 , 韩诚山 5 , 刘强 5
科技导报 | 特色专题 2025,43(16): 35-42
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科技导报 |特色专题 2025 , 43 (16) : 35 -42
“羲和号”卫星在轨运行和研究进展
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李川1, 2 , 方成1, 丁明德1, 李臻1, 邱晔2, 饶世豪1, 陈鹏飞1, 戴煜1, 程鑫1, 郭洋1, 张伟3, 4, 程卫强4, 尤伟3, 陆希3, 陈建新3, 韩诚山5, 刘强5
作者信息
  • 1. 南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京 210023
  • 2. 南京大学深空探测科学与技术研究院,苏州 215163
  • 3. 上海卫星工程研究所,上海 201109
  • 4. 上海航天技术研究院,上海 201109
  • 5. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春 130033
In-orbit operation and research progress of the CHASE mission
Chuan LI1, 2 , Cheng FANG1, Mingde DING1, Zhen LI1, Ye QIU2, Shihao RAO1, Pengfei CHEN1, Yu DAI1, Xin CHENG1, Yang GUO1, Wei ZHANG3, 4, Weiqiang CHENG4, Wei YOU3, Xi LU3, Jianxin CHEN3, Chengshan HAN5, Qiang LIU5
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 2. Institute of Science and Technology for Deep Space Exploration, Suzhou Campus, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215163, China
  • 3. Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China
  • 4. Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Shanghai 201109, China
  • 5. Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
出版时间: 2025-08-28 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035
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基于超高指向精度和超高稳定度的新型卫星平台,中国首颗太阳探测科学与技术试验卫星“羲和号”搭载的科学载荷Hα成像光谱仪在国际上首次实现了太阳Hα波段光谱成像的空间观测,像元光谱分辨率0.024 Å,全日面扫描时间46 s,空间分辨率1.2"。论述了利用“羲和号”的高质量科学数据,国内外学者在太阳活动的低层大气动力学过程,太阳暗条的形成、演化和爆发,以及太阳和恒星爆发的比较研究中取得的系列原创科学成果。

太阳物理  /  空间望远镜  /  太阳活动  /  光球  /  色球

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE), dubbed "Xihe" – Goddess of the Sun, is China's first solar space mission for both scientific and technological experiments. Since its launch on October 14, 2021, it has been operating well in orbit with excellent scientific data quality. Based on a new type of satellite platform with ultra-high pointing accuracy and ultra-high stability, the Hα Imaging Spectrograph (HIS) onboard the CHASE mission has, for the first time in the world, achieved space-based spectroscopic observations in the solar Hα waveband. The pixel spectral resolution reaches~0.024 Å, the full-disk scanning time is~46 seconds, and the spatial resolution is~1.2 arcseconds. Using the high-quality data from CHASE, researchers have achieved a series of original scientific results in the dynamic processes of solar activities in the lower atmosphere, the formation, evolution, and eruption of solar filaments, as well as comparative studies of solar and stellar eruptions.

solar physics  /  space-based telescope  /  solar activity  /  photosphere  /  chromosphere
李川, 方成, 丁明德, 李臻, 邱晔, 饶世豪, 陈鹏飞, 戴煜, 程鑫, 郭洋, 张伟, 程卫强, 尤伟, 陆希, 陈建新, 韩诚山, 刘强. “羲和号”卫星在轨运行和研究进展. 科技导报, 2025 , 43 (16) : 35 -42 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035
Chuan LI, Cheng FANG, Mingde DING, Zhen LI, Ye QIU, Shihao RAO, Pengfei CHEN, Yu DAI, Xin CHENG, Yang GUO, Wei ZHANG, Weiqiang CHENG, Wei YOU, Xi LU, Jianxin CHEN, Chengshan HAN, Qiang LIU. In-orbit operation and research progress of the CHASE mission[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (16) : 35 -42 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035
人类对太阳进行科学观测和研究的历史可以追溯至1610年,伽利略利用其发明的天文望远镜对太阳黑子开展常规观测。至20世纪中叶,在长达几百年的时间里,人类对太阳的认识主要是基于地面望远镜在可见光波段的观测。尤其对于太阳Hα谱线的观测,主要是利用地面望远镜。例如,由全球6个台站组成的Global Oscillation Network Group(GONG),主要是利用窄带滤光器获得全日面Hα成像。对于大口径地面望远镜而言,中国的1米新真空太阳望远镜(NVST)和美国1.6米口径的古迪太阳望远镜(GST),可以获得太阳局部区域的Hα高分辨率光谱成像。与地面望远镜相比,太阳空间探测具有以下优势: 不受地球大气湍流和吸收效应的影响,不受地球电离层截止和地磁层屏蔽效应的影响,可以连续观测等,从而为研究太阳活动提供最为全面而有效的探测数据。自人类进入空间时代以来,国内外已发射70余颗与太阳探测有关的卫星,取得许多开创性的科学成就,使人类对太阳内部结构、太阳大气动力学、太阳活动物理机制,以及行星际空间环境、日地关系有了更为深入的认识。可以说,太阳空间探测已成为推动太阳物理和空间天气研究发展的主要动力。
2021年10月14日,由国家航天局批复立项的中国首颗太阳探测科学与技术试验卫星——“羲和号”发射成功。“羲和号”卫星全称“太阳Hα光谱探测与双超平台科学技术试验”卫星,英文名称为Chinese Hα Solar Explorer(CHASE)[1]。它在国际上首次实现了太阳Hα光谱成像的空间观测,科学目标是研究太阳活动的大气动力学过程。习近平总书记在2022年新年贺词中及多个场合高度肯定了“羲和逐日”的重要意义; 2022年8月,“羲和号”卫星发布首批成果,创下5个国际首次; 2022年10月,中共中央党史和文献研究院将“羲和号”列入《党的十九大以来大事记》; 2023年8月,《The Astrophysical Journal Letters》发布“热点专辑”,集中收录“羲和号”首批研究成果。这是中国天文观测设备首次在该期刊发表专辑。截至目前,“羲和号”在轨运行稳定,持续获得一批原创性科学成果。
“羲和号”由南京大学、中国航天科技集团有限公司第八研究院和中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所等单位联合研发,国家航天局重大专项工程中心为卫星工程总体单位。2019年6月,“羲和号”获得国家航天局批复立项。2021年10月14日18点51分,“羲和号”搭载长征二号丁遥五十三运载火箭(CZ−3D Y53),在太原卫星发射中心顺利升空,开启了中国的空间探日时代。图 1为卫星在发射场的实拍图像。
“羲和号”发射质量为508 kg,运行于平均高度为517 km的太阳同步轨道,轨道周期约为95 min。卫星采用了超高指向精度和超高稳定度的“双超”新型卫星平台[2],利用磁浮作动器将平台舱和载荷舱物理隔离,阻断了平台舱微振动对科学载荷工作的影响,大幅提高了载荷的姿态控制精度。经过在轨实际测量,卫星平台的指向精度达到1×10−4(°)、稳定度达到3×10−5(°)/s,较同等惯量卫星平台提高了1~2个量级。卫星的科学载荷为Hα成像光谱仪[3],其重量为55 kg,体积为635 mm×556 mm×582 mm。它采用离轴三反前置光学系统和光栅光谱扫描成像系统,实现了快速、高精度、全日面光谱扫描成像。
自2021年10月发射后,经过长达半年多的在轨调试,2022年8月“羲和号”观测数据的空间分辨率、光谱分辨率和时间分辨率均达到最佳状态。2022年8月30日,国家航天局发布“羲和号”探日成果,创下5个国际首次,包括首次空间太阳Hα波段光谱扫描成像、首次在轨获取太阳Hα、Si I和Fe I谱线的精细结构、首次实现“双超”卫星平台技术在轨验证等。截至目前,“羲和号”在轨运行稳定,预期将远超其3年的设计寿命。
“羲和号”的原始数据由密云、三亚和喀什台站接收,经由专线网络进入南京大学太阳科学数据中心(SSDC−NJU: https://ssdc.nju.edu.cn)进行科学数据定标。光谱扫描成像的定标过程包括暗场去除、谱线弯曲矫正、平场改正、波长定标和坐标转换等[4]。定标后的1级科学数据向全世界科研工作者和科普爱好者开放共享。
1级科学数据以FITS文件格式进行保存,数据存储类型为无符号整型。同一扫描序列数据包含Hα和Fe I 2个观测窗口,分别在文件名中以“HA”和“FE”进行区分,如RSM20211024T005149_0001_HA. fits和RSM20211024T005149_0001_FE.fits。2个文件均为三维数组,由空间维、波长维和扫描步数构成,一些重要数据信息如日心坐标、太阳的观测半径、坐标旋转参数等可在FITS头文件中获取。利用1级科学数据,可以获得绝对辐射强度、多普勒速度场等更高级别的数据产品。相关的数据查询、下载、处理和分析方法等均可在南京大学太阳科学数据中心网站中获得。
“羲和号”全日面扫描成像的数据质量达到了国际领先水平,像元光谱分辨率0.024 Å,空间分辨率1.2",全日面扫描时间仅需46 s。通过全日面4600余步扫描,获得超过1600万个点的光谱信息,进而得到376个波长位置的太阳图像,每个波长对应了光球至色球不同层次的太阳大气。图 2展示了“羲和号”获得的全日面Hα线心(6562.81 Å)图像(图 2(a))和5个特征波长位置的活动区图像(图 2(b)),可以清晰地看出不同波长位置的图像反映了不同层次的太阳大气结构,相当于给太阳大气做了一次深度的CT扫描(计算机断层扫描)。
由于“羲和号”可获得全日面Hα、Si I和Fe I谱线的精细结构,因此,可计算全日面的多普勒速度场。又因为Si I和Fe I谱线形成于较低的光球层,Hα谱线形成于较高的色球层,因此,可以同时获得全日面光球和色球的多普勒速度场,这是以往观测从未实现过的。图 3展示了利用Fe I谱线得到的全日面光球速度场,图 3(a)和利用Hα谱线得到的全日面色球速度场,图 3(b),红色代表远离视线方向的运动,蓝色则相反。从中可以看出太阳的整体性自转以及局部区域的太阳大气对流运动。
利用“羲和号”高质量的科学数据,国内外学者已经取得一系列原创性科研成果。截至目前,已发表研究论文60余篇,包括在《 The Astrophysical Journal Letters》发表的热点专辑。这些研究成果涵盖但不限于“羲和号”最初设定的科学目标: (1) 太阳活动在低层大气中的动力学; (2) 太阳暗条的形成、演化和爆发; (3) 太阳爆发和恒星爆发的比较研究。由于篇幅所限,以下择其一二做简要介绍,其余成果可在南京大学太阳科学数据中心网站查阅。
“羲和号”全日面、多谱线和高精度的光谱数据,十分有利于研究太阳活动自光球至色球的动力学过程,进而回答诸如白光耀斑等太阳爆发现象的能量释放机制、不同层次太阳大气的较差自转和物质输运等一些重要的科学问题。
Rao等[5]利用“羲和号”所观测的全日面Si I(6560.58 Å)、Fe I(6569.21 Å)和Hα(6562.81 Å)谱线,精确刻画了自光球底部至色球高层的太阳大气自转三维图像,结果如图 4所示,太阳自转速度自赤道向极区逐渐降低的规律在太阳大气各个层次都存在,并且太阳大气的自转速度随着高度有明显增加的趋势。进一步研究发现,这种反常的自转现象是由无处不在的小尺度磁场及其与太阳大气的“磁冻结”效应造成的。与大尺度磁场不同,这些小尺度磁场形成于近表面的速度剪切层,该层次相比于太阳大气具有更快的自转速度。由于光球层电离度较低,密度较高,“磁冻结”效应不明显,因而这些小尺度磁场对太阳大气的拖曳能力较差。而在色球及更高层的太阳大气,电离度较高,“磁冻结”效应显著增强,磁场得以更高效地拖拽太阳大气,使这些层次的自转速度明显快于光球层。该研究对于理解太阳局地发电机、太阳大气中磁能耗散以及太阳风的角动量损失等有重要参考价值。
太阳风的起源和加速是太阳物理和空间物理领域仍待解决的重要科学问题。以往的研究表明,过渡区和日冕是太阳风物质的主要来源,然而是否有直接来自色球的物质输运?目前仍存在争议。喻福等利用“羲和号”全日面Hα谱线得到了色球速度场,并细致分析了冕洞区域的速度分布,如图 5[6]所示,统计发现相较于参考区域,冕洞内的速度场倾向于蓝移,并呈现红不对称性。这表明有来自色球向上的物质流,可成为太阳风的物质组成,而红不对称性则暗示交换磁重联的发生。为了弄清楚该物质流是否来自色球网络结构,后续还需通过更详细的研究进一步确认。
白光耀斑是一类特殊的耀斑,表现为爆发期间白光连续谱的突然增强,至今其加热机制仍未被彻底阐明。宋得朝等研究了一个X1.0的太阳耀斑,发现白光辐射源在Fe I 6569.2 Å线心及其附近连续谱表现出40% 的显著增强(图 6[7]),与扩展欧文斯谷太阳阵列(EOVSA)观测到的微波足点源在空间上一致,而且白光连续谱强度随时间的变化也与Fermi卫星观测到的硬X射线辐射一致。这些观测表明,该耀斑的白光连续谱增强与非热电子束轰击低层太阳大气密切相关。该研究进一步结合辐射动力学模拟,发现非热电子束加热不足以产生该耀斑的白光连续谱辐射增强,而是需要额外的加热源,如阿尔芬波加热等。这个白光耀斑的发现对传统白光耀斑的模型和机制提出了挑战。
太阳暗条(日珥)是悬浮于日冕之中的低温高密的等离子体物质,是日冕物质抛射三分量的核心,与磁绳结构密切相关,因此,成为研究耀斑和日冕物质抛射之间联系的关键。Hα谱线可以说是观测暗条的最佳波段,尤其是“羲和号”的全日面Hα光谱成像为研究暗条的形成、演化和爆发提供了绝佳数据。
在太阳暗条的形成研究上,“羲和号”可以观测整个暗条结构的形成过程,其空间分辨率足以获得其足点的演化特征,其高精度光谱可以获得足点处暗条物质的速度信息,这为揭示暗条如何形成提供了独具特色的观测数据。Li等[8]利用“羲和号”约20 h的Hα光谱成像数据,研究了一个暗条的形成过程,如图 7所示,发现该暗条是由2个“种子”暗条通过暗条通道之间的磁重联合并生长而成。在整个形成过程中,暗条的足点处表现为持续的红移,这表明,磁重联注入的暗条物质冷凝后沿磁场下落的物理过程。
在太阳暗条(日珥)的抛射研究上,以往的成像观测只能得到其在天空平面内的投影速度,无法确定其传播方向和真实速度。“羲和号”全日面Hα波段光谱成像则为该问题的解决提供了绝佳手段。Qiu等[9]利用“云模型”拟合Hα谱线轮廓获取视线方向速度,同时使用傅里叶局部相关跟踪方法得到天空平面速度,构建了爆发暗条(日珥)的三维速度场,如图 8所示。该研究成功再现了暗条(日珥)抛射过程中等离子体物质的膨胀、抛射、回落、旋转和分裂等现象,这为后续系统性研究太阳暗条(日珥)爆发的物理机制,以及空间天气预警和预报提供了重要参考。
太阳和恒星爆发比较研究成为天文学的热点领域,研究方式也从简单的光变分析转向精确的光谱诊断,例如,通过恒星爆发时Hα谱线或紫外谱线的不对称性来分析恒星活动的动力学过程或可能存在的星冕物质抛射。“羲和号”全日面Hα光谱观测十分有利于此类研究,通过分析不同类型太阳活动对全日面或局部区域Hα积分光谱的影响,并与恒星爆发时Hα光谱响应进行比较,探寻可能的恒星活动及其对行星宜居性的影响。如图 9所示,Ma等[10]利用“羲和号”全日面Hα光谱研究了一个X1.0太阳耀斑的积分光谱特征,其采取的光谱分析方法对于后续此类研究有重要的参考价值。
除了以上的科学研究进展之外,“羲和号”在空间天气预警和预报中也发挥了重要作用。它的实时观测数据已接入中国气象局国家空间天气监测预警中心的业务系统,以及国家航天局重大专项工程中心正在推进建设的“地球卫士”系统,有力地支撑了中国空间天气预警和预报工作。
“羲和号”自发射以来,在轨运行状态良好,科学数据质量优异。利用“羲和号”的科学数据,国内外学者取得了诸多原创性科研成果,并在中国空间天气业务应用中发挥了重要作用。当前,中国已经形成“羲和号”和“夸父一号”[11]双星探日的新格局。此外,中国还发射了风云3E卫星上搭载的X射线−极紫外成像仪[12]和空间新技术试验卫星上搭载的太阳过渡区成像仪[13]。在进入第25个太阳活动周极大期的当下,这些空间望远镜和地基观测设备的协同观测,将有力推动中国的太阳物理和空间天气研究,提升中国在空间科学领域的国际影响力。
面向未来,中国学者提出了更加宏伟的“太阳立体探测计划”,即除了地球轨道的卫星之外,还将在黄道面上的日地L5点或环日轨道、太阳极区轨道和太阳抵近轨道等部署太阳探测器,实现对太阳的全方位立体探测[14]。2024年发布的《国家空间科学中长期发展规划(2024—2050年)》也明确了太阳立体探测的发展路线图和分阶段目标,其中至2027年的优先发展方向和任务规划中,“羲和二号”——日地L5太阳探测工程[15]和“夸父二号”——太阳极轨天文台[16]分别被列为备选的中小型任务和大型任务,前者的主要科学目标是太阳爆发的物理机制及其空间天气效应,后者则更关注太阳活动周和太阳风的起源问题。通过稳步持续推进空间太阳探测任务,中国的太阳科学研究必将在国际上从跟跑、并跑、走向领跑。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(12333009)
  • 国家航天局民用航天“十四五”预先研究项目(D050101)
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2025年第43卷第16期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035
  • 接收时间:2025-03-10
  • 首发时间:2025-12-18
  • 出版时间:2025-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-10
  • 修回日期:2025-04-07
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(12333009)
国家航天局民用航天“十四五”预先研究项目(D050101)
作者信息
    1. 南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京 210023
    2. 南京大学深空探测科学与技术研究院,苏州 215163
    3. 上海卫星工程研究所,上海 201109
    4. 上海航天技术研究院,上海 201109
    5. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春 130033
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.03.00035
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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