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世界核能科技发展前沿进展
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杨军, 孙培杰, 彭翠婷, 胡梦岩, 黄茜, 张祎轩, 黄宇航, 罗志鹏, 徐乐瑾
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    华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院核工程与核技术系, 武汉 430074
Frontiers and review in global nuclear energy science and technology
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出版时间: 2024-12-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.04.00630
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介绍了核聚变技术最新进展,包括高温超导核聚变、激光点火惯性约束核聚变、托卡马克核聚变装置、国际热核聚变实验堆和中国聚变工程实验堆。指出核能与氢能、太阳能等其他能源的耦合利用为发展可再生能源和实现“双碳”目标提供了新的解决途径;高精度多物理场耦合分析计算、反应堆数字孪生技术、核能信息化与数据库建设是未来核能可持续发展的重要方向。总结了放射性废物处理与处置技术进展,包括中低放废物的减量减容和固化技术、高放废物的放射性核素去除和玻璃固化以及乏燃料处理与处置,表明随着核能技术的进一步革新,呈多元化发展态势的核能预期将在全球能源体系中占据重要地位。
核能科技  /  多物理场耦合  /  数字孪生  /  核聚变  /  放射性废物
This paper summarizes the recent progress of global nuclear energy science and technology, focusing on nuclear fission and fusion, coupling utilization of nuclear energy and other energies, frontier technology of nuclear energy informatization and nuclear waste treatment. The global research and development of nuclear energy is developing steadily. Nuclear power technology will gradually realize the development from the second generation to the third generation. Small reactors have good applications in the sea, land and air. The progress of nuclear fusion technology has been introduced, including high temperature superconducting fusion, laser ignition inertial confinement fusion, Tokamak fusion device, International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor. The coupling utilization of nuclear energy and other energies such as hydrogen energy and solar energy, provides a new solution for the development of renewable energies and the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. High-precision multi-physical field coupling analysis and calculation, digital twin technology, informatization and database construction are important directions for sustainable development of nuclear energy in the future. The latest advances in radioactive waste treatment and disposal technologies have been summarized, including the reduction and solidification of low- and medium-level radioactive waste, radionuclide removal and vitrification of high-level radioactive waste, and treatment and disposal of spent fuel. The overall situation shows that nuclear energy is still an important part of the global energy structure.
nuclear energy technology  /  multi-physics coupling  /  digital twin  /  nuclear fusion  /  radioactive waste
杨军, 孙培杰, 彭翠婷, 胡梦岩, 黄茜, 张祎轩, 黄宇航, 罗志鹏, 徐乐瑾. 世界核能科技发展前沿进展. 科技导报, 2024 , 42 (23) : 7 -30 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.04.00630
YANG Jun, SUN Peijie, PENG Cuiting, HU Mengyan, HUANG Xi, ZHANG Weixuan, HUANG Yuhang, LUO Zhipeng, XU Lejin. Frontiers and review in global nuclear energy science and technology[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2024 , 42 (23) : 7 -30 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.04.00630
2024年第42卷第23期
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.04.00630
  • 接收时间:2023-04-24
  • 首发时间:2025-01-06
  • 出版时间:2024-12-13
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-24
  • 修回日期:2024-05-23
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
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Number of
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种数
Number of
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Number of
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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