Article(id=1242136738982867883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, issueId=1242136723661075299, articleNumber=null, orderNo=11, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.05.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1503849600000, receivedDateStr=2017-08-28, revisedDate=1507564800000, revisedDateStr=2017-10-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1522227366120, onlineDateStr=2018-03-28, pubDate=1520870400000, pubDateStr=2018-03-13, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1522227366120, onlineIssueDateStr=2018-03-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774078076354, creator=sys-migrate, updateTime=1774078076354, updator=sys-migrate, issue=Issue{id=1242136723661075299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, year='2018', volume='36', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='108', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=3, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774078072701, creator=sys-migrate, updateTime=1774078072701, updator=sys-migrate, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=77, endPage=84, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242136742728381376, articleId=1242136738982867883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=EN, title=Qualified and unqualified Homo sapiens: Perspective of fiction as a behavioral marker, columnId=1242116080374710456, journalTitle=Science & Technology Review, columnName=Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=Human being, as the wisest of all creatures, has been challenged by artificial intelligence. In order to tackle the challenge, we need to identify and enhance the unique capacity of human being as the wisest of all creatures. According to Yuval Noah Harari's viewpoint presented in Sapiens:A Brief History of Humankind, the capacity to believe in things purely existing in the fiction is the key to moving up in the food chain. Two decision scenarios are therefore developed to explore whether the two elements of fiction ("fiction reading comprehension" and "future coming true") can serve as a behavioral marker to distinguish qualified from unqualified homo sapiens. The result reveals significant differences in terms of responses to the scenarios between the criterion populations of unqualified homo sapiens, such as lawbreakers and drug addicts, and qualified homo sapiens (normal control). The findings support the notion that capacity of fiction can serve as a candidate behavioral marker for distinguishing qualified from unqualified homo sapiens. Furthermore, the findings provide pilot evidence for the viewpoint that the cognitive capacity of fiction is the unique capacity of homo sapiens., correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=1EBdciNZ9wxiLP06r75r+w==, pdfFileSize=3439095, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=1. CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Education Center, Fuzhou Prison, Fuzhou 350011, China;
4. Xinxiang Public Security Bureau, Xinxiang 453000, China, fund=null, authors=SHEN Sichu^1,2, CHEN Xi³, GUO Huifang^1,2,4, LI Shu^1,2, authorsList=SHEN Sichu, CHEN Xi, GUO Huifang, LI Shu), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242136741356839885, articleId=1242136738982867883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, language=CN, title=合格与不合格的智人:以虚构故事为行为标志物的视角, columnId=1146540929516700224, journalTitle=科技导报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=人类作为万物之灵的地位正在受到人工智能的挑战。为应对这一挑战，需要确认人类成为万物之灵的独特能力，并将其发扬光大。根据尤瓦尔·赫拉利在《人类简史》一书中的观点，虚构故事的能力是让人类跃升食物链顶端的关键。为检验虚构故事的2个要素能否区分合格与不合格的智人，尝试基于虚构故事的2个要素，设计了"语意领会"和"未来成真"的决策情境题。结果表明，不合格智人的效标人群（服刑人员和药物成瘾人员）和合格智人的效标人群（正常人群）在2类决策情境题上的反应得分均存在显著差异。研究结果为虚构故事的能力作为区分智人合格与否的潜在行为标志物提供了数据支持，亦为虚构故事的能力作为智人的独特能力这一构想提供了先导性的证据。, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=沈丝楚,博士研究生,研究方向为行为决策,电子信箱:shensc@psych.ac.cn, correspAuthorsNote=李纾(通信作者),研究员,研究方向为行为决策,电子信箱:lishu@psych.ac.cn, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=xxjroGudVLnDH63y07Vbiw==, pdfFileSize=3439095, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=1. 中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室, 北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院大学心理学系, 北京 100049;
3. 福建省福州监狱教育中心, 福州 350011;
4. 河南省新乡市公安局, 新乡 453000, fund=国家自然科学基金面上项目（31471005）；中国科学院行为科学重点实验室自主研究课题（Y5CX052003）；中国科学院心理研究所本科生科研基金项目, authors=沈丝楚^1,2, 陈熹³, 郭慧芳^1,2,4, 李纾^1,2, authorsList=沈丝楚, 陈熹, 郭慧芳, 李纾)}, authors=null, keywords=[Keyword(id=1242136740878689222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242136738982867883, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=虚构), Keyword(id=1242136740962575304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242136738982867883, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=语意领会), Keyword(id=1242136741033878474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242136738982867883, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=未来成真), Keyword(id=1242136741138736075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242136738982867883, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=行为标志物), Keyword(id=1242136741214233548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031591421210625, articleId=1242136738982867883, language=CN, 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