绝缘材料

模型	界面结合能/(kcal/(mol·Å²))	氢键数目	自由体积分数/%
PMIA/Al₂O₃	-8.54	63	33.74
PMIA/A-Al₂O₃	-22.65	106	30.76

模型	界面结合能/(kcal/(mol·Å²))	氢键数目	自由体积分数/%
PMIA/Al₂O₃	-8.54	63	33.74
PMIA/A-Al₂O₃	-22.65	106	30.76

基于等离子体改性Al₂O₃的芳纶复合纳米绝缘纸界面性能增强研究

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孙凯旋 , 张佳瑞 , 汝艺 , 张文琦 , 杨瑞 , 樊思迪 , 庾翔 , 律方成 ^*

绝缘材料 | 材料研究 2026,59(3): 117-125

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绝缘材料 |材料研究 2026 , 59 (3) : 117 -125

基于等离子体改性Al₂O₃的芳纶复合纳米绝缘纸界面性能增强研究

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孙凯旋, 张佳瑞, 汝艺, 张文琦, 杨瑞, 樊思迪, 庾翔, 律方成^*

作者信息

华北电力大学新能源电力系统全国重点实验室，北京　102206

通讯作者:

律方成（1963-），男（汉族），内蒙古赤峰人，教授，研究方向为高电压技术与绝缘材料。

作者简介:

孙凯旋（1999-），男（汉族），河南三门峡人，博士生，研究方向为高性能绝缘纸的研制

Research on interface performance enhancement of aramid composite nano insulation paper based on plasma modifid-Al₂O₃

Kaixuan SUN, Jiarui ZHANG, Yi RU, Wenqi ZHANG, Rui YANG, Sidi FAN, Xiang YU, Fangcheng LÜ^*

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

出版时间: 2026-03-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2026.03.013

文章导航

摘要

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为提升聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺（间位芳纶，PMIA）纳米纸基材料的电气绝缘与力学性能，本研究采用空气等离子体处理制备了表面接枝极性基团的改性氧化铝（A-Al₂O₃），并将其作为增强相引入PMIA纸中，系统研究了不同A-Al₂O₃掺杂量对复合纸性能的影响。结果表明：当A-Al₂O₃质量分数为3%时，复合纸获得最优的综合性能，其击穿强度提升至255.7 kV/mm，体积电阻率达3.48×10¹⁵ Ω·m，同时介电常数提高且介质损耗保持在较低水平。这归因于A-Al₂O₃的高绝缘性及其对电场畸变的抑制作用。在该掺杂量下，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸界面陷阱深度和密度最大，有效抑制了电荷传输，从而提升了绝缘强度。同时，该复合纸杨氏模量为3.65 GPa，拉伸强度为24.6 MPa，断裂伸长率为1.5%。这归因于A-Al₂O₃在绝缘纸中承担了更多的局部应力。然而，当A-Al₂O₃质量分数超过3%时A-Al₂O₃发生团聚，导致其在基体中的分散性下降，有效界面面积减少，陷阱密度降低，并引发更多应力集中区域，从而导致复合纸的电气与力学性能下降。

关键词

PMIA复合纸 / 等离子体处理 / 氧化铝 / 电气性能 / 力学性能

Abstract

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To enhance the electrical insulation and mechanical properties of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (meta-aramid, PMIA) nano paper-based materials, a modified alumina (A-Al₂O₃) with surface-grafted polar groups was prepared using air plasma treatment and introduced into PMIA paper as a reinforcing phase. The effects of different doping amount on the properties of the composite paper were systematically investigated. The results show that when the mass fraction of A-Al₂O₃ is 3%, the composite paper achieves optimal overall performance, with its breakdown strength increasing to 255.7 kV/mm, volume resistivity reaching 3.48×10¹⁵ Ω·m, and the dielectric constant improving while the dielectric loss remaining at a low level. This is attributed to the high insulation performance of A-Al₂O₃ and its suppression on electric field distortion. At this doping level, the interface trap depth and density in PMIA/Al₂O₃ composite paper are maximized, effectively inhibiting charge transport and thus enhancing dielectric strength. Additionally, the optimal sample exhibits a Young’s modulus of 3.65 GPa, tensile strength of 24.6 MPa, and elongation at break of 1.5%. This can be attributed to A-Al₂O₃ bearing more local stress in the insulating paper. However, A-Al₂O₃ tends to agglomerate when its mass fraction exceeds 3%, leading to decreased dispersion in the matrix, reduced effective interface area, lower trap density, and more stress concentration regions, thereby resulting in deteriorated electrical and mechanical properties of composite paper.

Key words

PMIA composite paper / plasma treatment / Al₂O₃ / electric performance / mechanical properties

引用本文

孙凯旋, 张佳瑞, 汝艺, 张文琦, 杨瑞, 樊思迪, 庾翔, 律方成. 基于等离子体改性Al₂O₃的芳纶复合纳米绝缘纸界面性能增强研究. 绝缘材料, 2026 , 59 (3) : 117 -125 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2026.03.013

Kaixuan SUN, Jiarui ZHANG, Yi RU, Wenqi ZHANG, Rui YANG, Sidi FAN, Xiang YU, Fangcheng LÜ. Research on interface performance enhancement of aramid composite nano insulation paper based on plasma modifid-Al₂O₃[J]. Insulating Materials, 2026 , 59 (3) : 117 -125 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2026.03.013

正文

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0　引言

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聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺（间位芳纶，PMIA）纤维因其卓越的力学性能、优异的热稳定性和高介电特性，在先进电力系统中展现出重要的应用潜力^[1-2]。在特高压输电技术领域，该材料被广泛应用于变压器、套管、柔性电子器件等关键绝缘部件中^[3]。由于，PMIA可溶于有机极性溶剂形成高分子溶液，通过对此溶液进行静电纺丝或流延成膜等工艺，可以制备出具有纳米级纤维结构的绝缘纸基材料^[4]。然而，这种纳米纸内部存在较多孔隙，容易导致其内部出现电场畸变和应力分布不均^[5-6]。因此，需对PMIA纳米纤维纸进行掺杂增强处理，以改善其内部结构，从而提升其绝缘与力学性能。

陶瓷填料作为一种绝缘性能优良、结构稳定且机械强度高的掺杂材料，在聚合物基复合材料的增强研究中得到了广泛应用，例如Al₂O₃、SiO₂、TiO₂、AlN以及BN等陶瓷填料已被证明能显著提高复合材料的性能^[7-10]。其中，Al₂O₃由于制备工艺简单、成本较低，在环氧树脂、纤维素纸以及聚醚酰亚胺（PEI）薄膜等多种材料中均得到了成功应用^[11-13]。其可以通过抑制空间电荷积聚、优化耐压性能及增强高温绝缘特性等多种机制，在不同绝缘体系中显著增强材料的绝缘性能^[14-17]。但无机填料与有机基体之间存在界面兼容性问题，导致材料内部产生新的结构缺陷，进而抑制填料的增强效果^[18]。

为了应对这一挑战，通常需要对填料表面进行改性，常见改性方式包括偶联剂接枝、聚多巴胺（PDA）包覆以及介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体处理等^[19-21]。其中，硅烷类偶联剂能够通过化学键合在填料表面形成一层有机层，从而显著改善填料与基体材料之间的界面相容性^[22]。然而，由于接枝工艺的复杂性，确保偶联剂均匀分布在填料表面并量化其接枝效果仍面临诸多挑战。

PDA包覆利用多巴胺在弱碱性条件下的自聚合特性，在填料表面形成一层均匀的聚合物膜，不仅增强了界面结合力，还提高了填料的分散性^[23]。尽管如此，PDA包覆厚度的精确控制同样具有挑战性。过厚的PDA层可能会降低填料的有效体积分数，进而减弱其增强效果。

DBD等离子体处理作为一种高效、环境友好的表面改性技术，可通过在填料表面引入活性官能团，有效提高其表面能，从而增强复合材料界面间的相互作用^[24]。此外，通过精确调控等离子体处理的各项参数，可实现对处理程度以及接枝效果的量化控制。特别是使用空气等离子体处理，可以在材料表面引入-OH等极性基团，这些基团具备与PMIA内的酰胺键发生相互作用并结合的潜力^[25]。已有研究表明，对于Al₂O₃填料，等离子体处理30 min可获得最佳的接枝效果^[26]。

因此，为优化Al₂O₃填料与PMIA基体的界面相容性与增强效果，本文首先采用介质阻挡放电（DBD）空气等离子体对Al₂O₃填料进行表面改性。随后制备含有不同掺杂比例改性Al₂O₃的PMIA纳米纤维复合纸。通过绝缘性能评估、介电性能分析以及力学性能检测，最终确定具有优异性能的PMIA/Al₂O₃复合纸的最优掺比，并分析性能增强机制。

1　实验

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1.1　主要原材料

二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC，纯度≥99%）、无水氯化锂（LiCl，纯度≥99%，粒径为1 μm）、纳米氧化铝（γ-Al₂O₃，粒径为20 nm），上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司。PMIA溶液，泰和新材集团股份有限公司。去离子水，实验室自制，其电导率恒定维持在10 μS/cm。

1.2　PMIA/Al₂O₃复合纸的制备

1.2.1　空气等离子体改性Al₂O₃

空气等离子体处理Al₂O₃的实验流程如图1(a)所示。该系统由一个高度为3 mm、直径为50 mm的石英玻璃反应釜组成，反应釜位于两个直径均为50 mm的圆形金属电极之间。空气等离子体处理在室温条件下进行，每次实验称取1 g Al₂O₃粉末放入反应釜中。通过施加40 kV的电压，产生约1.2 mA的电流，从而生成等离子体。空气等离子体处理时间为30 min，处理后的Al₂O₃样品标记为A-Al₂O₃。

1.2.2　PMIA复合纸的制备

PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的制备流程如图1(b)所示。将A-Al₂O₃与PMIA溶液在80℃下连续搅拌24 h，以确保A-Al₂O₃颗粒的均匀分散。待混合溶液冷却至室温后，使用薄膜涂布装置将其均匀涂覆于马口铁板表面。随后，将马口铁放入去离子水中进行质子化反应，形成PMIA复合水凝胶。将水凝胶转移至烘箱中，在80℃下烘焙0.5 h以去除残余水分。最后，将材料在200℃下，先后在10 MPa和20 MPa下分别热压1 min，冷却后制得PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸。分别设定A-Al₂O₃的质量分数为0、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%，相应的PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸依次命名为PA-0、PA-1、PA-2、PA-3、PA-4、PA-5。

1.3　性能测试

1.3.1　形貌表征

采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM，Quattro-S型，Thermo Fisher Scientific）对PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的微观形貌进行表征，获取高分辨率的SEM图像。

1.3.2　化学表征

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR，Thermo Nicolet iS5型），在500～4 000 cm^-1波数范围内以吸收模式进行测试，以解析复合纸化学键的特征；同时通过X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS，Nexsa G2型）对改性前后Al₂O₃表面化学组成进行定量分析。

1.3.3　宏观性能测试

采用棒-板电极在直流电场下测量PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的击穿电压，并结合样品厚度计算击穿强度，利用Weibull分布模型拟合63.2%击穿概率下的特征击穿强度。通过三电极系统及配套静电测量仪（6514型，Keithley公司）施加1 kV电压，记录稳定后的泄漏电流，计算体积电阻率。基于等温表面电位衰减（ISPD）方法，结合电位衰减速率及相关物理参数，分析样品表面电荷陷阱深度与密度。采用阻抗分析仪（E4990A型，Keysight公司）配合介电夹具，在10³ Hz～10⁷ Hz频率范围内测定样品的介电常数。采用电子万能试验机（KY-DSY型，堀场精密量仪（上海）有限公司）通过拉伸试验测试样品的杨氏模量、拉伸强度及断裂伸长率等关键力学性能参数。

1.3.4　分子动力学模拟

为从微观层面揭示空气等离子体处理的优势，采用分子动力学方法模拟分析Al₂O₃在空气等离子体处理前后其界面结合行为的变化。首先在Materials Studio中构建PMIA单体模型，通过聚合得到PMIA分子链，并建立由10条分子链构成的PMIA纸模型。之后根据Al₂O₃的晶型特征构建Al₂O₃晶胞，并生成具有大量晶胞重复单元的晶体模型。将上述两个模型结合形成了PMIA/Al₂O₃界面模型，如图2(a)所示。通过在Al₂O₃表面接枝空气等离子体处理过程中的典型基团如-OH等^[21]，得到PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面模型如图2(b)所示。

之后对模型分子结构进行几何优化，以释放不合理的应力，其中能量、力和位移的收敛标准分别设定为1.0×10^-5 kcal/mol、1.0×10^-3 kcal/(mol·Å)和1.0×10^-5 Å。在NPT系综（恒定粒子数、温度和压力条件）下进行分子动力学（MD）模拟，模拟时长为500 ps，以促进聚合物链的充分松弛并最小化系统能量，该过程在298 K的温度、1.01×10^-4 GPa的压力以及0.5 fs的时间步长条件下进行。弛豫处理后，测得两种PMIA/Al₂O₃界面模型的尺寸为26.4 Å×27.2 Å×123.7 Å。

2　结果与讨论

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2.1　分子动力学模拟结果

基于PMIA/Al₂O₃和PMIA/A-Al₂O₃两种界面模型的分子动力学模拟结果，分别计算了界面结合能、氢键数目以及自由体积分数（FVF），如表1所示。从表1可以看出，PMIA/Al₂O₃界面模型的界面结合能为-8.54 kcal/(mol·Å²)，而经过空气等离子体改性后的PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面模型结合能变为-22.65 kcal/(mol·Å²)，结合能绝对值增幅达165%。这一结果表明，空气等离子体处理显著增强了Al₂O₃与PMIA之间的界面结合作用。此外，PMIA/Al₂O₃界面模型中的氢键数目为63，而PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面模型的氢键数目增至106，增幅达68%，进一步验证了空气等离子体处理提升了Al₂O₃与PMIA之间的界面结合作用。通过比较两种界面模型的FVF发现，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面模型的FVF值为30.76%，低于PMIA/Al₂O₃界面模型的33.74%。较小的FVF值表明PMIA与A-Al₂O₃界面中未被占据的内部空间比例有所减少，有助于缩短电子在界面结构中的平均自由程，从而提高电子的散射概率，为抑制PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面的电荷输运行为以及提升材料的绝缘性能奠定了理论基础。

2.2　形貌表征结果

图3是纯PMIA纸和PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的表面SEM图。从图3可以看出，纯PMIA纸表面呈现多孔结构；引入质量分数为3%的A-Al₂O₃后，PMIA复合纸的致密性显著提升，表明A-Al₂O₃表面羟基与PMIA酰胺基形成新的氢键网络，填料颗粒有效填充了PMIA基体孔隙。然而，当A-Al₂O₃质量分数增至4%时，复合纸表面局部孔隙再生，表明存在最优掺杂阈值。这种浓度依赖的微观结构演变直接影响了材料的宏观性能表现。

图4是纯PMIA纸和PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的截面SEM图。从图4可以看出，纯PMIA纸内部呈现出典型的蜂窝状网状结构。这种结构是由PMIA分子链间的质子化作用诱导形成的酰胺基团氢键所致。引入A-Al₂O₃填料后，材料内部孔隙得到填充，特别是在PA-3样品中，填料表现出良好的分散性，并被PMIA充分包裹，显著增加了界面接触面积，增强了PMIA与A-Al₂O₃之间的界面结合力。然而，当填料质量分数为4%时，颗粒出现明显的团聚现象，形成直径约为3 μm的聚集体，导致分散均匀性下降。这种团聚不仅减少了有效界面面积和结合强度，还影响了材料的整体致密性。因此，在PA-3复合体系中，材料在结构完整性方面达到了最佳平衡，这对于实现力学性能与介电性能的协同提升至关重要。

2.3　化学表征结果

图5是空气等离子体处理前后Al₂O₃的FTIR及XPS谱图。从图5(a)可以看出，Al₂O₃和A-Al₂O₃在3 452.8 cm^-1处均存在典型的羟基伸缩振动特征峰，其中A-Al₂O₃的吸收峰强度显著增强，表明其表面羟基密度更高^[27]。1 631.8 cm^-1处的特征峰对应于H₂O的弯曲振动，其中A-Al₂O₃的吸收峰强度也进一步提升，表明A-Al₂O₃更多的氢键数目使其具备更高的吸湿性^[28]。根据Al₂O₃和A-Al₂O₃的XPS实验数据，等离子体处理后样品的氧元素含量从41.4%提升至50.8%。从图5(c)可以看出，Al₂O₃表面氧元素存在两种化学状态：531.4 eV处的晶格氧（O-Al）和532.3 eV处的羟基氧（O-H）^[29]。两种氧元素形态的定量分析数据表明，A-Al₂O₃中羟基氧与晶格氧的比例从处理前的0.19∶1增加到0.43∶1，证明了空气等离子体处理有效提升了填料表面羟基密度，为改善填料与基体材料的界面结合性能奠定了化学基础。

2.4　绝缘性能

图6是不同A-Al₂O₃质量分数复合纸的击穿强度。

从图6可以看出，纯PMIA纸表现出最低的耐击穿性能，特征击穿强度E_b仅为200.5 kV/mm，这是由于其固有的蜂窝状结构，内部存在大量孔隙，导致电场畸变较为严重。随着A-Al₂O₃质量分数的增加，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的击穿强度显著提升。其中PA-3样品的E_b达到最高值255.7 kV/mm，相比纯PMIA提升了27.5%，表明A-Al₂O₃的高绝缘特性能够有效提高PMIA复合纸的击穿强度。

在一定质量分数下，A-Al₂O₃颗粒可以填充PMIA基体中的孔隙，并与PMIA分子形成紧密的界面结合，从而减少复合纸内部电场的畸变现象。此外，由于PMIA/A-Al₂O₃界面具有较低的自由体积分数，抑制了电子在界面处的输运，进一步提升了复合纸的击穿特性。然而，当A-Al₂O₃的质量分数继续增加时，由于A-Al₂O₃表面羟基之间也能形成氢键，容易引发纳米颗粒的团聚，导致电场畸变现象加剧，进而降低了PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的耐击穿性能。

图7是不同A-Al₂O₃质量分数复合纸的体积电阻率对比。从图7可以看出，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的体积电阻率显著高于纯PMIA纸，表明A-Al₂O₃填料对电荷传输具有显著的抑制作用。此外，所有PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的体积电阻率均维持在10¹⁵ Ω·m数量级，满足对绝缘材料体积电阻率约为10¹⁴ Ω·m的一般要求^[30]。纯PMIA纸的体积电阻率为7.8×10¹⁴ Ω·m，当A-Al₂O₃质量分数增至3%时，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的体积电阻率显著提升至3.48×10¹⁵ Ω·m，这一趋势与击穿实验结果高度一致。因此，将A-Al₂O₃的质量分数优化至3%可使芳纶复合纸具有优异的绝缘性能。

图8展示了不同A-Al₂O₃质量分数复合纸的电荷陷阱分布特性。从图8可以看出，PA-3样品表现出最深的陷阱深度和最大的陷阱密度，在抑制电荷传输方面具有显著优势，有效提升了其耐击穿性能。当A-Al₂O₃的质量分数进一步增加时，陷阱密度和深度均出现下降趋势。这一现象可归因于过量掺杂引发的A-Al₂O₃颗粒团聚效应，导致有效界面面积降低，界面陷阱数量减少，从而削弱了复合纸对电荷传输的抑制能力。

2.5　介电性能

图9是不同A-Al₂O₃质量分数复合纸的介电性能表征结果。从图9(a)和(c)可以看出，随着A-Al₂O₃质量分数的增加，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的介电常数呈现显著提升。纯PMIA纸在10³ Hz下的介电常数仅为3.32，而当A-Al₂O₃的质量分数增至3%时，PA-3样品的介电常数提高至4.81。这一增强效应主要归因于A-Al₂O₃的本征高介电常数（≥9）^[31]，其引入有效提升了复合体系的极化能力。然而，当A-Al₂O₃的质量分数进一步增加时，复合纸的介电常数趋于稳定，未呈现显著增长。这一现象可归因于随着填料含量提高，颗粒团聚导致其在基体中的分散均匀性下降，从而减少了PMIA与A-Al₂O₃的有效界面面积。由于复合材料的介电性能高度依赖于界面极化，团聚体的形成削弱了界面极化贡献，抵消了高填料含量带来的介电常数提升潜力^[32]。因此，在较高掺杂量下，复合材料的介电常数维持在稳定水平。

从图9(b)和(c)可以看出，随着A-Al₂O₃掺杂量的增加，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的介质损耗因数始终稳定在0.02左右，未呈现显著变化。当A-Al₂O₃质量分数低于3%时，尽管A-Al₂O₃本身具有较高的介电强度，但A-Al₂O₃填料有效填充了PMIA基体中的微观孔隙，减少了由结构缺陷引起的局部电场畸变，从而抑制了极化损耗。在此阶段，复合纸更高的介电常数通常会导致更高的介质损耗，而填料的孔隙填充效应与对复合纸的介电常数提升作用相互平衡，使得复合材料的介质损耗维持在较低水平。当A-Al₂O₃质量分数超过3%时，填料开始趋于团聚，导致其填充效应达到饱和。此时，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的介电常数不再升高，其介质损耗因数也基本保持不变。

2.6　力学性能

图10是不同A-Al₂O₃质量分数复合纸的力学性能测试结果。从图10可以看出，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸相较于纯PMIA纸表现出显著增强的力学性能。随着A-Al₂O₃质量分数的增加，复合纸的杨氏模量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均呈现上升趋势。其中PA-3样品的杨氏模量达到3.65 GPa，拉伸强度为24.6 MPa，断裂伸长率为1.5%，相比纯PMIA纸（对应参数分别为1.88 GPa、13.4 MPa和0.9%）分别提高了94.1%、83.6%、66.7%。性能提升主要归因于A-Al₂O₃颗粒在PMIA纸内均匀分布，使其能够有效承担外部应力。然而，当A-Al₂O₃质量分数超过3%时，由于纳米颗粒团聚加剧，其在基体中的分散均匀性降低，导致复合材料内部应力分布不均，从而削弱了其力学性能。

图11为PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸的机械强度验证。测试的复合纸带中A-Al₂O₃的质量分数为20%，其长度为10 cm、宽度为1 cm、厚度为150 μm。从图11可以看出，该样品能够承受1 kg的砝码而未出现明显的断裂迹象。

3　结论

收起

本研究揭示了空气等离子体改性Al₂O₃对PMIA复合纸结构与性能的调控机制，结论如下：

（1）在界面改性机制方面，空气等离子体处理成功在Al₂O₃表面接枝羟基，分子动力学模拟证实改性后的Al₂O₃与PMIA基体界面结合更强，表现为更高的氢键密度和更低的自由体积分数。

（2）在电气性能方面，随着A-Al₂O₃掺杂量增加，复合纸的击穿强度、电阻率及陷阱特性均呈现先上升后下降的趋势，其中PA-3样品性能达到最优，击穿强度为255.7 kV/mm，体积电阻率达3.48×10¹⁵ Ω·m；等温表面电位衰减分析进一步证实，PA-3样品的深陷阱分布有效抑制了电荷迁移，进而提升了其绝缘强度。

（3）在介电性能方面，A-Al₂O₃的引入提高了复合纸的介电常数，同时保持了较低的介质损耗。

（4）在力学性能方面，PA-3样品表现最优，杨氏模量达到3.65 GPa，拉伸强度为24.6 MPa，断裂伸长率为1.5%。

综上所述，当A-Al₂O₃的质量分数为3%时，PMIA/A-Al₂O₃复合纸具备优异的综合性能以及广泛的应用前景。

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2026年第59卷第3期

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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2026.03.013

接收时间：2025-05-20
首发时间：2026-09-10
出版时间：2026-03-20

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收稿日期：2025-05-20
修回日期：2025-06-29

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华北电力大学新能源电力系统全国重点实验室，北京　102206

通讯作者:

律方成（1963-），男（汉族），内蒙古赤峰人，教授，研究方向为高电压技术与绝缘材料。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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