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Article(id=1210560431521919336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210560429043085661, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.07.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1685030400000, receivedDateStr=2023-05-26, revisedDate=1692028800000, revisedDateStr=2023-08-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766549698000, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1721404800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766549698000, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766549698000, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766549698000, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210560429043085661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2024', volume='57', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='142', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766549697408, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766563951127, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210620213532430860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210560429043085661, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210620213532430861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210560429043085661, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=61, endPage=67, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210560431941349744, articleId=1210560431521919336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Electrical performance and mechanism analysis of binary composite silicone rubber for cable accessories, columnId=1190369066675179686, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Material Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The molecular chain structure has great influence on the electrical insulation properties of silicone rubber. In this paper, the regularity and mechanism of the blending of different ratios and types of blended silicone rubber on the electrical properties of composite silicone rubber were explored through a combination of experiments and molecular simulations. The results show that the electric strength of phenyl silicone rubber/vinyl blended silicone rubber (PMVQ/MVQ) improves significantly, when the mass fraction of PMVQ is 15%, the volume resistivity of PMVQ/MVQ composite is 1.04×1016 Ω·cm, and the electric strength is 106.87 kV/mm, which increase by 1.77 times and 13.22% than that of the vinyl silicone rubber. The dielectric properties of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber/vinyl blended silicone rubber (FMVQ/MVQ) improves, when the mass fraction of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber is 15%, the dielectric constant of FMVQ/MVQ composite is 3.74, which is 40.07% higher than that of vinyl silicone rubber. Molecular simulation results show that the free volume of PMVQ/MVQ decreases with the increase of phenyl silicone rubber content, and the free volume of FMVQ/MVQ increases with the increase of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber content, which is consistent with the breakdown phenomenon of composite silicone rubber.

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分子链结构对硅橡胶的电气绝缘性能具有较大影响，本文通过实验与分子模拟相结合的方法，探究不同比例、不同种类的硅橡胶共混对复合硅橡胶电气性能的影响规律及机理。结果表明：苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶（PMVQ/MVQ）的电气强度提升明显，苯基硅橡胶质量分数为15%的PMVQ/MVQ复合材料体积电阻率为1.04×1016 Ω·cm，电气强度为106.87 kV/mm，与乙烯基硅橡胶相比分别提升了1.77倍和13.22%。三氟丙基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶（FMVQ/MVQ）的介电性能得到改善，三氟丙基硅橡胶质量分数为15%的FMVQ/MVQ复合材料介电常数为3.74，与乙烯基硅橡胶相比提升了40.07%。分子模拟结果表明，苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶的自由体积随苯基硅橡胶含量增大而减小，三氟丙基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶的自由体积随三氟丙基硅橡胶含量增大而增大，与复合硅橡胶击穿现象吻合。

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李国倡（1985-），男（汉族），山东济宁人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事电力设备绝缘材料与绝缘技术的研究。
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段玉兵（1980-），男（汉族），山东淄博人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事高压电缆状态评价、电气设备安全防护的研究。

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段玉兵（1980-），男（汉族），山东淄博人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事高压电缆状态评价、电气设备安全防护的研究。

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段玉兵（1980-），男（汉族），山东淄博人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事高压电缆状态评价、电气设备安全防护的研究。

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样品简称乙烯基硅橡胶/g苯基硅橡胶/g氟硅橡胶/g气相白炭黑/g硫化剂/g
100%MVQMVQ10000302
5%PMVQ/95%MVQP59550302
10%PMVQ/90%MVQP1090100302
15%PMVQ/85%MVQP1585150302
5%FMVQ/95%MVQF59505302
10%FMVQ/90%MVQF1090010302
15%FMVQ/85%MVQF1585015302
), ArticleFig(id=1218111623710036098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210560431521919336, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

二元复合硅橡胶的各组分含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品简称乙烯基硅橡胶/g苯基硅橡胶/g氟硅橡胶/g气相白炭黑/g硫化剂/g
100%MVQMVQ10000302
5%PMVQ/95%MVQP59550302
10%PMVQ/90%MVQP1090100302
15%PMVQ/85%MVQP1585150302
5%FMVQ/95%MVQF59505302
10%FMVQ/90%MVQF1090010302
15%FMVQ/85%MVQF1585015302
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电缆附件用二元复合硅橡胶电气性能及机理分析
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段玉兵 1 , 马国庆 1 , 杨晶晶 2 , 郭昊 2 , 魏艳慧 2 , 李国倡 2
绝缘材料 | 材料研究 2024,57(7): 61-67
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绝缘材料 | 材料研究 2024, 57(7): 61-67
电缆附件用二元复合硅橡胶电气性能及机理分析
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段玉兵1, 马国庆1, 杨晶晶2, 郭昊2, 魏艳慧2, 李国倡2
作者信息
  • 1国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院,山东 济南 250002
  • 2青岛科技大学 先进电工材料研究院,山东 青岛 266042

    • 段玉兵（1980-），男（汉族），山东淄博人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事高压电缆状态评价、电气设备安全防护的研究。

通讯作者:

李国倡（1985-），男（汉族），山东济宁人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事电力设备绝缘材料与绝缘技术的研究。
Electrical performance and mechanism analysis of binary composite silicone rubber for cable accessories
Yubing DUAN1, Guoqing MA1, Jingjing YANG2, Hao GUO2, Yanhui WEI2, Guochang LI2
Affiliations
  • 1State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan 250002, China
  • 2Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
出版时间: 2024-07-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.07.008
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摘要
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分子链结构对硅橡胶的电气绝缘性能具有较大影响，本文通过实验与分子模拟相结合的方法，探究不同比例、不同种类的硅橡胶共混对复合硅橡胶电气性能的影响规律及机理。结果表明：苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶（PMVQ/MVQ）的电气强度提升明显，苯基硅橡胶质量分数为15%的PMVQ/MVQ复合材料体积电阻率为1.04×1016 Ω·cm，电气强度为106.87 kV/mm，与乙烯基硅橡胶相比分别提升了1.77倍和13.22%。三氟丙基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶（FMVQ/MVQ）的介电性能得到改善，三氟丙基硅橡胶质量分数为15%的FMVQ/MVQ复合材料介电常数为3.74，与乙烯基硅橡胶相比提升了40.07%。分子模拟结果表明，苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶的自由体积随苯基硅橡胶含量增大而减小，三氟丙基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶的自由体积随三氟丙基硅橡胶含量增大而增大，与复合硅橡胶击穿现象吻合。

苯基硅橡胶  /  乙烯基硅橡胶  /  氟硅橡胶  /  击穿特性

The molecular chain structure has great influence on the electrical insulation properties of silicone rubber. In this paper, the regularity and mechanism of the blending of different ratios and types of blended silicone rubber on the electrical properties of composite silicone rubber were explored through a combination of experiments and molecular simulations. The results show that the electric strength of phenyl silicone rubber/vinyl blended silicone rubber (PMVQ/MVQ) improves significantly, when the mass fraction of PMVQ is 15%, the volume resistivity of PMVQ/MVQ composite is 1.04×1016 Ω·cm, and the electric strength is 106.87 kV/mm, which increase by 1.77 times and 13.22% than that of the vinyl silicone rubber. The dielectric properties of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber/vinyl blended silicone rubber (FMVQ/MVQ) improves, when the mass fraction of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber is 15%, the dielectric constant of FMVQ/MVQ composite is 3.74, which is 40.07% higher than that of vinyl silicone rubber. Molecular simulation results show that the free volume of PMVQ/MVQ decreases with the increase of phenyl silicone rubber content, and the free volume of FMVQ/MVQ increases with the increase of trifluoropropyl silicone rubber content, which is consistent with the breakdown phenomenon of composite silicone rubber.

phenyl silicone rubber  /  vinyl silicone rubber  /  fluorosilicone rubber  /  breakdown performance
段玉兵, 马国庆, 杨晶晶, 郭昊, 魏艳慧, 李国倡. 电缆附件用二元复合硅橡胶电气性能及机理分析. 绝缘材料, 2024 , 57 (7) : 61 -67 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.07.008
Yubing DUAN, Guoqing MA, Jingjing YANG, Hao GUO, Yanhui WEI, Guochang LI. Electrical performance and mechanism analysis of binary composite silicone rubber for cable accessories[J]. Insulating Materials, 2024 , 57 (7) : 61 -67 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.07.008
正文
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0 引言
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硅橡胶材料具有优良的电绝缘性能，被广泛应用在电缆附件中[1-3]。随着电压等级的提高，硅橡胶材料的绝缘性能逐渐限制了其自身发展[4-7]。聚合物共混体系在工程中应用广泛，它可以集中各组分的优势达到更好的性能[8-9]，因此研究硅橡胶的结构与共混改性对提高电力设备的绝缘性能具有重要的指导意义。
目前，国内外学者主要通过掺杂或共混改性来提高硅橡胶的力学性能和热学性能。XU Q等[10]制备并研究了不同乙烯基含量的共混硅橡胶，发现质量分数为0.04%和0.3%的乙烯基共混硅橡胶在低温下仍具有优良的柔韧性。XU Y等[11]研究了功能性氧化石墨烯对硅橡胶材料性能的影响机理，结果表明填充功能性氧化石墨烯的硅橡胶材料具有更好的导热性能。E ABD等[12]评估了聚苯乙烯-硅橡胶共混物的介电性能，发现在硅橡胶中加入少量聚苯乙烯可改善其介电性能。
乙烯基硅橡胶因其工艺成熟、成本低廉等优势常被用作电缆附件绝缘材料[13-15]。根据侧基种类不同，硅橡胶可分为乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）、苯基硅橡胶（PMVQ）和氟硅橡胶（FMVQ）。本课题组前期研究发现3种硅橡胶各有不同的性能优势[16-17]。与传统乙烯基硅橡胶相比，苯基硅橡胶具有较高的电气强度，氟硅橡胶具有较大的介电常数。因此本文选择具有不同侧基结构（乙烯基、苯基、三氟丙基）的硅橡胶材料进行共混改性，并研究不同共混比例对硅橡胶电气性能的影响。首先采用熔融共混法制备苯基/乙烯基硅橡胶、三氟丙基/乙烯基硅橡胶两种二元共混硅橡胶。然后通过实验与分子模拟相结合的方法，剖析不同侧基种类及共混比例对硅橡胶宏观电气性能的影响机制，为改善硅橡胶的电气性能提供依据。
1 实验
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1.1 样品制备
本文以乙烯基硅橡胶、苯基硅橡胶和氟硅橡胶为基料，分别制备苯基/乙烯基（PMVQ/MVQ）和三氟丙基/乙烯基（FMVQ/MVQ）两种二元复合硅橡胶。
首先，按配比称取适量的3种硅橡胶生胶、添加剂等材料进行开炼共混，各组分配比如表1所示，并将样品按简称标记。然后，将混炼后的胶料放置于室温下24 h，得到补强剂与硫化剂均匀分散的混炼胶。最后，将混炼胶放置于平板硫化机上进行一段硫化（温度为160℃、时间为20 min），再对胶料进行8 min的冷压处理。接着进行二段硫化（温度为200℃、时间为2 h），得到不同比例共混硅橡胶的薄膜试样。试样制备过程如图1所示。
1.2 测试方法
（1）红外光谱测试
采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对硅橡胶试样进行表征，通过对比不同官能团对不同频率红外光的吸收强度来确定硅橡胶中的侧链基团。首先将待测试样置于烘箱中，去除表面水分，然后将待测试样放置于仪器中进行测试，波数为4 000～400 cm-1。
（2）电阻特性测试
采用三电极系统测试两种二元复合硅橡胶试样的体积电阻率。三电极系统主要由高压电极、接地电极、保护电极及数据采集系统构成。首先将待测试样置于60℃烘箱中烘干表面水分，然后将试样置于测试电极与高压电极之间进行测试。测试温度为25℃，电压为1 000 V，加压1 min后读取数据，每组试样重复测试5～10次。
（3）击穿特性测试
采用击穿试验仪测试两种二元复合硅橡胶试样的击穿性能。首先将试样置于60℃烘箱中烘干表面水分，然后将电极和试样放入装有硅油的油杯中进行测试，防止试样发生沿面放电。试样厚度为0.3 mm，测试温度为25℃，升压速率为500 V/s。
（4）介电特性测试
采用宽频介电谱分析仪测试两种二元复合硅橡胶试样的介电性能。测试前将待测试样置于60℃烘箱中，去除材料内的水分，避免水分对性能产生影响。试样厚度为0.3 mm，测试频率为10-1～106 Hz，温度为25℃。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 基团分析
图2为二元复合硅橡胶的红外光谱图。从图2可以看出，各试样在波数为1 003 cm-1附近出现了较强的特征吸收峰，对应-Si-O-Si的伸缩振动吸收峰；在波数为2 961 cm-1附近出现了-C-H的伸缩振动峰；在波数为784～1 003 cm-1出现了-CH=CH2中-C-H的面外弯曲振动峰。其中，图2(a)中P5、P10、P15 3个试样的红外光谱在波数为703 cm-1处出现了单取代苯环的C-H面外弯曲振动峰，并且随苯基硅橡胶含量的增加，振动峰强度增大。图2(b)中F5、F10、F15 3个试样的红外光谱在波数为1 209 cm-1处出现了CF3中-C-F的振动吸收峰，并且随氟硅橡胶含量的增加，振动峰强度增大。
2.2 电阻特性
两种二元共混硅橡胶的体积电阻率如图3所示。从图3(a)可以看出，乙烯基硅橡胶与苯基/乙烯基硅橡胶共混试样的体积电阻率均在1015量级以上，4种试样的体积电阻率从大到小依次为P15、P10、P5、MVQ，体积电阻率依次为1.04×1016、8.85×1015、5.61×1015、3.76×1015 Ω·cm。苯基/乙烯基硅橡胶共混试样较乙烯基硅橡胶试样的体积电阻率明显增大，并随着苯基硅橡胶占比的增加而增大。其中共混后的P15试样体积电阻率较乙烯基硅橡胶MVQ试样增大了1.77倍。分析其原因主要是由于苯环形成了6个碳原子的大π键，具有一定的电子吸附能力，导致自由移动电荷减少，降低了载流子的迁移速率。
从图3(b)可以看出，除了乙烯基硅橡胶之外，其余3种三氟丙基/乙烯基硅橡胶共混试样的体积电阻率均在1015量级以下，试样的体积电阻率从大到小依次为MVQ、F5、F10、F15，其中F5、F10、F15试样的体积电阻率依次为1.00×1015、7.90×1014、6.89×1014 Ω·cm。氟硅橡胶与乙烯基硅橡胶共混后的复合硅橡胶体积电阻率明显减小，并随着氟硅橡胶占比的增加而减小。这主要是因为极性基团三氟丙基的加入可以有效抑制硅橡胶表面陷阱对带电粒子的捕获特性，导致陷阱能级降低，载流子迁移受到的阻碍不明显；同时，极性基团会增大介质内部电荷的不均匀程度，增大载流子的浓度，因此复合硅橡胶的体积电阻率减小。
2.3 击穿特性
图4为二元复合硅橡胶的电气强度Weibull分布图。从图4(a)可以看出，3种苯基/乙烯基硅橡胶共混试样的电气强度均高于乙烯基硅橡胶，并随着苯基硅橡胶含量的增加而逐渐增大。试样的电气强度从小到大依次为MVQ、P5、P10、P15，电气强度依次为94.39、97.67、100.79、106.87 kV/mm，其中P15试样的电气强度较乙烯基硅橡胶增大了13.22%。从图4(b)可以看出，3种三氧丙基/乙烯基硅橡胶共混试样的电气强度低于乙烯基硅橡胶，并随着三氟丙基硅橡胶含量的增加而逐渐减小，试样的电气强度从大到小依次为MVQ、F5、F10、F15，电气强度依次为94.39、90.85、88.02、76.34 kV/mm，其中F15的电气强度较乙烯基硅橡胶减小了19.12%。这主要是因为苯基硅橡胶中共轭苯环能够捕获高能电子并消散能量，难以引起碰撞电离，从而导致复合硅橡胶的电气强度显著增大；而随着氟硅橡胶中C-F键的增多以及分子链侧基长度的增加，使硅橡胶分子链之间的缠绕增多，增大了自由体积，使载流子自由行程增大，促进了电子碰撞电离过程，导致击穿性能下降[18-19]。
2.4 介电特性
相对介电常数是描述电介质极化的宏观参数，其大小取决于介质的极化过程。而介质的极化由物质的分子结构和运动形式决定[20-22]。图5为二元复合硅橡胶相对介电常数随频率的变化曲线。从图5可以看出，在低频下（<103 Hz），硅橡胶共混试样的相对介电常数随频率升高显著下降；在高频下 （>103 Hz），硅橡胶共混试样的相对介电常数变化较小。在频率为50 Hz时，乙烯基硅橡胶与P5、P10、P15试样的介电常数分别为2.67、2.89、2.86、2.82，可以看出，与苯基硅橡胶共混后的复合硅橡胶介电常数略大于乙烯基硅橡胶，这与两种硅橡胶共混后产生的界面极化密切相关。而随着苯基硅橡胶含量的增加，PMVQ/MVQ硅橡胶共混试样的介电常数减小，这主要是因为刚性大分子苯环使聚合物链段的规整堆砌被破坏，致使含有苯基的硅橡胶介电常数减小。在频率为50 Hz时，F5、F10、F15试样的介电常数分别为3.41、3.58、3.74，较乙烯基硅橡胶分别增大了27.73%、34.08%、40.07%。可以看出，与氟硅橡胶共混的复合硅橡胶介电常数明显大于乙烯基硅橡胶。这主要是因为氟硅橡胶中引入了极性基团—三氟丙基，从而显著增大了硅橡胶的介电常数[23]。
介质损耗是指电压作用下由于极化或电导而消耗的能量，通常用tanδ来表示。图6为二元复合硅橡胶的介质损耗因数随频率的变化曲线。从图6可以看出，复合硅橡胶的介质损耗因数随频率升高而降低，在频率为103～106 Hz时，不同类型复合硅橡胶的介质损耗因数逐渐趋于稳定。高频下介质内部偶极子对的极化建立速率滞后于电场频率的变化，松弛极化无法有效建立，导致介质损耗整体较低。在频率为50 Hz时，乙烯基硅橡胶与P5、P10、P15试样的介质损耗因数分别为0.001 1、0.009 6、0.002 4、0.001 3。从以上数据可知，与苯基硅橡胶共混后的复合硅橡胶介质损耗因数相对于乙烯基硅橡胶轻微增大。在频率为50 Hz时，F5、F10、F15试样的介质损耗因数分别为0.006 2、0.009 9、0.018 7。可以看出，与氟硅橡胶共混后的复合硅橡胶介质损耗因数较乙烯基硅橡胶明显增大。
2.5 机理分析
为进一步研究分子链侧基对硅橡胶材料性能的影响机制，本文采用分子模拟的方法构建了3种硅橡胶分子，进而演算在电场作用下材料微观参数的变化，为宏观性能分析提供指导。
首先，分别建立乙烯基硅橡胶、苯基硅橡胶、氟硅橡胶的基础分子链，并用Forcite模块对分子链进行优化处理，得到较为稳定的分子结构，优化后的整个分子链向内收缩，呈弯曲状，如图7所示。力场为COMPASSII，温度设置为298 K。然后，通过Amorphous Cell模块构建硅橡胶体系，交联形成的化学键用紫色表示，并通过手动交联将硅橡胶分子链从线状结构转变为三维网状结构。最后，模拟分析了3种硅橡胶在常态下的自由体积。
图8为复合硅橡胶自由体积示意图，图中蓝色部分表示自由体积，灰色部分表示占有体积。自由体积为分子链提供了转动和位移的空间。通过分子模拟计算可知，P5、P10、P15的自由体积依次为11 988.88、11 884.77、10 879.26 Åm3，F5、F10、F15的自由体积依次为12 040.02、12 428.10、13 814.69 Åm3。由此可知，随着苯基硅橡胶分子链数量的增加，自由体积减小；随着氟硅橡胶分子链数量的增加，自由体积增大。这主要与苯环和三氟丙基的结构和体积大小有关。三氟丙基侧链较长并向外与分子链相互缠绕，占有体积减小，所以复合硅橡胶的自由体积增大。苯环侧基因π电子云重叠不能内旋转，占用体积增大，所以复合硅橡胶的自由体积减小。根据自由体积击穿理论，载流子只能在自由体积中积累动能。当自由体积足够大时，电子便可以在足够长的自由行程中获得电子碰撞所需的能量，导致聚合物的分解和碳化，最终形成导电通道[24-25]。即自由体积越大，体系击穿场强越小。以上自由体积计算结果与2.3击穿实验结果吻合。
3 结论
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本文采用实验和分子模拟相结合的方法，研究了不同结构、不同比例的硅橡胶共混对复合硅橡胶电气绝缘性能的影响及微观机理，测试分析了两类共混硅橡胶与乙烯基硅橡胶的电气绝缘性能，并通过分子模拟方法，剖析不同侧基种类硅橡胶共混比例对复合硅橡胶宏观电气性能的影响机制，得到以下结论：
（1）对于苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶，随着苯基硅橡胶含量的增加，共混硅橡胶的介电常数略微增大，而体积电阻率与电气强度明显增大，其中苯基硅橡胶质量分数为15%的苯基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶体积电阻率和电气强度分别为1.04×1016 Ω·cm和106.87 kV/mm。主要是因为刚性分子苯基的引入，使聚合物链段的规整堆砌被破坏，消散能量。分子模拟计算显示，苯基硅橡胶分子链增加，复合硅橡胶自由体积减小，与击穿实验结果相符。
（2）对于三氟丙基/乙烯基共混硅橡胶，随着三氟丙基硅橡胶含量的增加，共混硅橡胶的体积电阻率与电气强度明显降低，而介电常数明显增大，而介电常数为3.74，与乙烯基硅橡胶相比提升了40.07%。主要是因为引入极性基团三氟丙基，增强了极化强度，使介电常数增大。分子模拟计算显示，三氟丙基硅橡胶分子链增加，复合硅橡胶自由体积增大，与击穿实验结果相符。
基金
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  • 国网山东省电力公司科技项目(52062621N003)
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2024年第57卷第7期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.07.008
  • 接收时间：2023-05-26
  • 首发时间：2025-12-24
  • 出版时间：2024-07-20
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  • 收稿日期：2023-05-26
  • 修回日期：2023-08-15
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国网山东省电力公司科技项目(52062621N003)
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    1国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院,山东 济南 250002
    2青岛科技大学 先进电工材料研究院,山东 青岛 266042

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李国倡（1985-），男（汉族），山东济宁人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事电力设备绝缘材料与绝缘技术的研究。
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