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Article(id=1209928219243966711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1209928218329616824, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.05.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1694793600000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-16, revisedDate=1699804800000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766398966847, onlineDateStr=2025-12-22, pubDate=1716134400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766398966847, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766398966847, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766398966847, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209928218329616824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2024', volume='57', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='124', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766398966629, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766563901766, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210620006501585415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1209928218329616824, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210620006501585416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1209928218329616824, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=73, endPage=78, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209928221454364937, articleId=1209928219243966711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Study on adsorption and purification of aged vegetable insulating oil by alumina loaded metal-organic composite materials, columnId=1209928219172671930, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Special Issue on High-performance Transformer Insulation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Vegetable insulating oil is easy to age in electrical equipment and produce polar small molecule substances such as formic acid, acetic acid, and formaldehyde, which reduces the physicochemical properties and electrical properties of insulating oil and affects the safety operation of equipment. In order to solve the quality deterioration problem of insulating oil, the aged vegetable insulating oil can be purifed by adsorption technology to reduce the polar small molecule impurities generated during ageing. In this paper, a 2-methylimidazole zinc salt (ZIF-8) and alumina (Al2O3) composite material was prepared, the ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material was used to adsorb and purify the aged vegetable insulating oi, and the physicochemical properties and electrical properties of the vegetable insulating oil after adsorption and purification were tested. The results show that after adsorption and purification by ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material, the acid value and dielectric loss factor of the vegetable insulating oil decrease significantly, the volume resistivity and initial oxidation temperature increase significantly, and the quality is improved significantly. In addition, the molecular simulation results also show that the adsorption capacity of ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material for polar small molecules in vegetable insulating oil is better than that of Al2O3.

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植物绝缘油在电气设备中易老化产生甲酸、乙酸和甲醛等极性小分子物质，降低绝缘油的理化性能和电气性能，影响设备运行安全。为解决绝缘油品质劣化的问题，可以采用吸附工艺对老化后植物绝缘油进行净化处理，减少老化产生的极性小分子杂质。本文采用原位生长法制备2-甲基咪唑锌盐（ZIF-8）/氧化铝（Al2O3）复合材料，并将其作为吸附剂对老化植物绝缘油进行吸附净化，并对吸附净化后植物绝缘油的理化和电气性能进行测试。结果表明：经ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料吸附净化后，植物绝缘油的酸值和介质损耗因数明显降低，体积电阻率和起始氧化温度显著提高，品质明显提升。此外，分子模拟结果也表明，ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对植物绝缘油中极性小分子的吸附能力优于Al2O3。

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王强（1987-），男（汉族），安徽宿州人，助理研究员，主要从事新型电工绝缘材料、储能电介质材料与器件、能源电力装备在线监测与故障诊断的研究。

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王强（1987-），男（汉族），安徽宿州人，助理研究员，主要从事新型电工绝缘材料、储能电介质材料与器件、能源电力装备在线监测与故障诊断的研究。

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王强（1987-），男（汉族），安徽宿州人，助理研究员，主要从事新型电工绝缘材料、储能电介质材料与器件、能源电力装备在线监测与故障诊断的研究。

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physicochemical properties of aged vegetable insulating oil, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数老化后Al2O3吸附后ZIF-8/Al2O3吸附后
酸值/(mgKOH/g)0.0570.0480.025
介质损耗因数0.0270.0240.013
体积电阻率/(×109 Ω·cm)6.47.512.4
起始氧化温度/℃202.77212.15224.60
), ArticleFig(id=1217500250462405059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1209928219243966711, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同吸附剂对老化植物绝缘油基本理化性能的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数老化后Al2O3吸附后ZIF-8/Al2O3吸附后
酸值/(mgKOH/g)0.0570.0480.025
介质损耗因数0.0270.0240.013
体积电阻率/(×109 Ω·cm)6.47.512.4
起始氧化温度/℃202.77212.15224.60
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氧化铝负载金属-有机复合材料对老化植物绝缘油吸附净化研究
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王强 1 , 黄正勇 1 , 梁苏宁 2 , 杨智 2 , 邵先军 2 , 郑一鸣 2
绝缘材料 | 高性能变压器绝缘专题 2024,57(5): 73-78
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绝缘材料 | 高性能变压器绝缘专题 2024, 57(5): 73-78
氧化铝负载金属-有机复合材料对老化植物绝缘油吸附净化研究
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王强1, 黄正勇1, 梁苏宁2, 杨智2, 邵先军2, 郑一鸣2
作者信息
  • 1重庆大学 输变电装备技术全国重点实验室,重庆 400044
  • 2国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,浙江 杭州 310014

    • 王强（1987-），男（汉族），安徽宿州人，助理研究员，主要从事新型电工绝缘材料、储能电介质材料与器件、能源电力装备在线监测与故障诊断的研究。

Study on adsorption and purification of aged vegetable insulating oil by alumina loaded metal-organic composite materials
Qiang WANG1, Zhengyong HUANG1, Suning LIANG2, Zhi YANG2, Xianjun SHAO2, Yiming ZHENG2
Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
  • 2State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Research Institute, Hangzhou 310014, China
出版时间: 2024-05-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.05.011
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摘要
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植物绝缘油在电气设备中易老化产生甲酸、乙酸和甲醛等极性小分子物质，降低绝缘油的理化性能和电气性能，影响设备运行安全。为解决绝缘油品质劣化的问题，可以采用吸附工艺对老化后植物绝缘油进行净化处理，减少老化产生的极性小分子杂质。本文采用原位生长法制备2-甲基咪唑锌盐（ZIF-8）/氧化铝（Al2O3）复合材料，并将其作为吸附剂对老化植物绝缘油进行吸附净化，并对吸附净化后植物绝缘油的理化和电气性能进行测试。结果表明：经ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料吸附净化后，植物绝缘油的酸值和介质损耗因数明显降低，体积电阻率和起始氧化温度显著提高，品质明显提升。此外，分子模拟结果也表明，ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对植物绝缘油中极性小分子的吸附能力优于Al2O3。

植物绝缘油  /  复合材料  /  ZIF-8  /  吸附  /  极性小分子

Vegetable insulating oil is easy to age in electrical equipment and produce polar small molecule substances such as formic acid, acetic acid, and formaldehyde, which reduces the physicochemical properties and electrical properties of insulating oil and affects the safety operation of equipment. In order to solve the quality deterioration problem of insulating oil, the aged vegetable insulating oil can be purifed by adsorption technology to reduce the polar small molecule impurities generated during ageing. In this paper, a 2-methylimidazole zinc salt (ZIF-8) and alumina (Al2O3) composite material was prepared, the ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material was used to adsorb and purify the aged vegetable insulating oi, and the physicochemical properties and electrical properties of the vegetable insulating oil after adsorption and purification were tested. The results show that after adsorption and purification by ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material, the acid value and dielectric loss factor of the vegetable insulating oil decrease significantly, the volume resistivity and initial oxidation temperature increase significantly, and the quality is improved significantly. In addition, the molecular simulation results also show that the adsorption capacity of ZIF-8/Al2O3 composite material for polar small molecules in vegetable insulating oil is better than that of Al2O3.

vegetable insulating oil  /  composite material  /  ZIF-8  /  adsorption  /  polar small molecules
王强, 黄正勇, 梁苏宁, 杨智, 邵先军, 郑一鸣. 氧化铝负载金属-有机复合材料对老化植物绝缘油吸附净化研究. 绝缘材料, 2024 , 57 (5) : 73 -78 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.05.011
Qiang WANG, Zhengyong HUANG, Suning LIANG, Zhi YANG, Xianjun SHAO, Yiming ZHENG. Study on adsorption and purification of aged vegetable insulating oil by alumina loaded metal-organic composite materials[J]. Insulating Materials, 2024 , 57 (5) : 73 -78 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.05.011
正文
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0 引言
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作为油浸式变压器安全稳定运行的重要保障，液体电介质应具有优异的绝缘性能和冷却性能[1]。液体电介质按原料来源主要分为矿物绝缘油和植物绝缘油[2]。矿物绝缘油自1887年以来一直被广泛用作绝缘液体，然而，矿物绝缘油的燃点和闪点较低，存在一定的安全隐患，同时，其难以生物降解和不可再生的特性也不符合新的环保法规[3-4]。因此，寻找一种在物理、化学、电气和环境特性之间达到平衡的可替代矿物绝缘油的液体电介质至关重要。自20世纪90年代以来，环保、安全、可生物降解的植物绝缘油成为良好替代品。与矿物绝缘油相比，植物绝缘油具有以下明显优势：①原材料可再生、绿色环保、储量巨大[5]；②介电常数与绝缘纸相当，可使电场分布更均匀，从而延长变压器的使用寿命和提高过载能力；③具有高燃点和较高的饱和含水量[6-8]。尽管植物绝缘油具有这些优点，但它仍然存在一些缺点，如大多数植物绝缘油都含有不饱和脂肪酸，在老化过程中容易产生极性小分子等杂质[9]。这些杂质会严重影响绝缘油的介质损耗因数、电阻率、氧化安定性、酸值以及其他性能。
去除溶液中杂质的常用方法有溶剂萃取[10]、离子交换[11]、电渗析[12]、多孔材料吸附[13]等。其中，多孔材料吸附因具有工艺简单、效率高等优点，是目前应用最广泛的去除极性小分子（polar small molecule，PMS）的方法。氧化铝（Al2O3）具有比表面积大、无毒、热稳定性好等特点，常被用作溶液净化吸附剂[14-15]，可用于植物基液体介质中微量极性小分子的吸附净化[16]。在众多Al2O3基复合材料中，金属-有机框架（MOF）/Al2O3复合材料（MOF/Al2O3）是一种新型多孔材料，因其结构可控、比表面积大、吸附位点多而备受关注[17]。然而，目前的研究对MOF-Al2O3的吸附净化能力及其对植物绝缘油关键性能影响的认识仍存在不足，迫切需要开展这方面的理论和实验研究。其中，分子模拟是吸附过程研究的有效方法，在结果预测、实验现象解释、机理分析等方面发挥着至关重要的作用[18-20]。
沸石咪唑框架（ZIFs）由过渡金属原子（Zn和Co）与咪唑/咪唑衍生物连接而成[21]。作为MOF的一个重要分支，ZIFs因其较高的热稳定性和化学稳定性而被广泛应用[22]。其中，2-甲基咪唑锌盐（ZIF-8）由过渡金属与有机咪唑化合物配位形成，呈一种类似于沸石的三维网络结构，具有极高的稳定性，比表面积高达1 800 m2/g[23]。采用负载ZIF-8的Al2O3复合材料作为吸附剂，可以有效提高Al2O3对植物绝缘油的吸附净化能力。本研究采用原位生长法制备ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料，并将其作为吸附剂用于老化植物绝缘油的吸附净化，并对吸附净化后植物绝缘油的性能进行测试，同时采用分子模拟对吸附过程和机理进行解释。
1 实验
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1.1 主要原材料
甲醇（CH3OH，纯度≥99.9%）、二水醋酸锌（Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O，纯度≥98%）、3-羟基-5-巯基-4-异噻唑羧酸单钠盐（HMIM，纯度≥99%）、氧化铝（Al2O3，纯度≥99.99%）、丁基化羟基甲苯（BHT）粉末均购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司；植物绝缘油（大豆基绝缘油，FR3），西安凯博电力科技有限公司。所有试剂均直接使用，未经进一步纯化。
1.2 复合材料的制备
首先，将2.168 2 g Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O分散于100 mL甲醇中，搅拌1 h，使Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O粉体完全溶解。同时，将2.243 0 g HMIM加入另一100 mL甲醇中，搅拌1 h。随后，将HMIM的甲醇溶液缓慢滴入Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O的甲醇中并搅拌 1 h，得到白色悬浮液，在室温下静置24 h后，离心收集ZIF-8样品，用超纯水冲洗数次。最后，在45℃的烘箱中干燥24 h，得到ZIF-8样品。
采用原位生长法将Al2O3基底浸入含有ZIF-8前驱体的溶液中，制备ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料。
1.3 测试方法
采用XRD-6100型X射线衍射仪对纯Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料样品进行X射线衍射分析。测试条件为：阳极Cu靶，采用石墨片滤波，阴极管电压为40 kV，管电流设置为30 mA，步宽设置为0.020，扫描范围为5°～50°。
采用TESCAN VEGA3型扫描电子显微镜测试材料的微观形貌。
通过测试吸附净化前后植物绝缘油酸值、介质损耗因数、起始氧化温度和电阻率的变化对ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料的吸附净化性能进行评价。
实验前在真空干燥箱中对植物绝缘油和绝缘纸进行干燥处理[24]，分别在50 Pa、90℃条件下干燥72 h和48 h。然后，在2 L植物绝缘油中加入质量分数为0.3%的丁基化羟基甲苯（BHT）粉末。将植物绝缘油和绝缘纸按20∶1的质量比加入玻璃瓶中。油纸浸泡3 h后，按照IEEE C57.100-2011的规定，在绝缘油中加入一定量的铜片。最后，除去铜片和绝缘纸，得到老化的植物绝缘油。将质量分数为5%的Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3粉末分别加入600 mL的老化植物绝缘油中，磁力搅拌5 min后置于50℃烘箱中保持3 h，过滤收集处理后的老化植物绝缘油。同时，以未经处理的老化植物绝缘油作为对照组，酸值测试参照GB 264—1983，起始氧化温度测试参照ASTM E 1858:2003，介质损耗因数测试参照GB/T 5654—2007，电阻率测试参照DL/T 421—2009。
1.4 模拟方法
模型的构建全部基于Materials Studio软件。Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3晶体的模型通过Material Studio软件中的Visualizer模块建立。Al2O3的晶格参数为a=b=47.59 Å和c=55 Å，ZIF-8模型堆叠在Al2O3上，形成分层结构。经过优化后，使系统的能量最小，ZIF-8和Al2O3自发地组装在一起，如图1所示。然后，通过Amorphous Cell模块将植物绝缘油分子（包含亚油酸甘油三酯、油酸甘油三酯和棕榈酸甘油三酯）和极性小分子（包含甲酸、乙酸、甲醛、乙醛和水分子）引入模型中。之后，在Forcite模块中对模型进行几何优化，优化后的模型在300～500 K退火100次。通过温度和能量的波动确定热力学平衡，误差不超过10%。最后，在NVT条件下对模型进行1 000 ps的分子动力学模拟，分别采用Ewald法和Atom-based法计算静电相互作用和范德华相互作用。每1 ps 输出一次构象，以观察动态模拟过程中不同分子构象和位置的变化。
吸附能的计算公式如式（1）所示[25]。
Eads=Etotal-E(Al2O3)-EPSM
式（1）中：Eads为吸附能；Etotal为酸性小分子吸附在Al2O3基材料上的总能量；E(Al2O3)为Al2O3基材料的能量；EPSM为酸性小分子的能量。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 XRD分析
X射线衍射（XRD）分析是测定样品组成和结晶度的常用方法。图2(a)为ZIF-8材料的XRD谱图，该谱图与标准ZIF-8的XRD谱图相符。最强烈的XRD衍射峰位于7.52°处，与ZIF-8的（011）晶面相对应。其他XRD衍射峰位于10.53°、12.89°、14.86°、16.63°、18.09°、24.67°和26.85°处，分别对应于（002）、（112）、（022）、（013）、（222）、（233）和（134）晶面，衍射峰的位置及强度与文献[26]的报道完全吻合。值得注意的是，谱图中没有出现其他杂质峰，表明产品纯度很高。图2(b)为ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料的XRD谱图，可以看出在ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料的XRD谱图中不仅出现了ZIF-8的衍射峰，在25.2°和35.5°处还出现了分别对应于Al2O3的（012）和（104）晶面的衍射峰，这一点从JCPDS数据（JCPDS Card No.29-0063）中得到了证实[27]，表明ZIF-8成功地负载于Al2O3上。
2.2 SEM分析
ZIF-8和ZIF-8/Al2O3材料的SEM测试结果如图3所示。从图3(a)可以看出，ZIF-8颗粒呈多边形，粒径为0.8～2.0 μm。从图3(b)可以看出，Al2O3的粒径分布变得不均匀，这应该是不同粒径的ZIF-8负载在Al2O3表面的结果。
2.3 吸附净化结果
本实验测试了Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对老化植物绝缘油吸附净化前后其基本理化性能的变化，结果如表1所示。
2.3.1 酸值
在老化过程中，随着时间的延长，绝缘油中会产生一些极性小分子物质，使其酸值明显增大，从而进一步加速绝缘油的分解，降低绝缘油的品质[28]。因此，酸值是反映绝缘油老化程度的重要参数。从表1可以看出，未经处理的老化植物绝缘油酸值为0.057 mgKOH/g。经Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3材料吸附净化后，酸值分别降低至0.048 mgKOH/g和0.025 mgKOH/g。Al2O3对油中极性小分子有一定的吸附净化能力，将ZIF-8负载在Al2O3表面显著增强了Al2O3对油中极性分子的吸附能力，植物绝缘油的酸值显著降低。
2.3.2 介质损耗因数
介质损耗因数（tanδ）是流经介质的有功电流密度与无功电流密度之比，与绝缘油的品质密切相关，可用于监测绝缘油因吸湿而导致的劣化。当绝缘油发生老化时，其介质损耗因数会显著增大，从而可能导致严重的发热和击穿风险[29]。从表1可以看出，未经处理的老化植物绝缘油介质损耗因数为0.027，经过Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3材料吸附净化后，介质损耗因数分别降低至0.024和0.013。经Al2O3吸附净化后老化植物绝缘油的介质损耗因数仅降低了11%，而经ZIF-8/Al2O3材料吸附净化后老化植物绝缘油的介质损耗因数显著降低，降幅达到52%。
2.3.3 体积电阻率
绝缘油的绝缘性能与其体积电阻率成正比，因此体积电阻率可以反映绝缘油的老化程度[30]。从表1可以看出，未经处理的老化植物绝缘油体积电阻率最低，仅为6.4×109 Ω·cm，经过Al2O3吸附净化后老化植物绝缘油的体积电阻率为7.5×109 Ω·cm，经ZIF-8/Al2O3吸附净化后老化植物绝缘油的体积电阻率为12.4×109 Ω·cm。结果表明，ZIF-8/Al2O3能有效吸附老化植物绝缘油中的极性小分子，从而提高了绝缘油的体积电阻率。
2.3.4 起始氧化温度
绝缘油不仅要求具有优异的绝缘性能，还必须具有出色的抗氧化性，以确保变压器能够连续稳定地运行[31]。从表1可以看出，未经处理的老化植物绝缘油起始氧化温度为202.77℃，经Al2O3吸附净化后，老化植物绝缘油的起始氧化温度升至212.15℃，而经ZIF-8/Al2O3吸附净化后，老化植物绝缘油的起始氧化温度进一步升高至224.60℃。表明通过吸附老化绝缘油中的极性小分子，可以提升绝缘油的起始氧化温度。
2.4 吸附净化机理分析
2.4.1 吸附特性
分子模拟是一种观察极性小分子运动过程的有效方法。图4为Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3体系中酸性小分子的动态运动过程图（油分子隐藏）。从图4可以看出，在初始构象中，极性小分子在两个体系中均匀分布。然而，在模拟过程中这种均匀分布状态发生了变化，极性分子倾向于向Al2O3衬底的表面移动，这说明Al2O3衬底材料对植物绝缘油中的酸性分子具有较强的吸附能力。而在ZIF-8/Al2O3体系中，更多的极性小分子积聚在ZIF-8表面，这说明ZIF-8对植物绝缘油中的极性小分子具有更强的吸附能力，将ZIF-8负载于Al2O3上有助于提高Al2O3衬底材料对极性小分子的吸附能力。
2.4.2 相互作用能
Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3与极性小分子的相互作用能如图5所示，负值表示两者相互吸引，绝对值越大，表示结构越稳定，吸附力越强。从图5可以看出，ZIF-8/Al2O3材料与极性小分子的相互作用能高于Al2O3材料与极性小分子的相互作用能。这说明将ZIF-8材料负载于Al2O3上可以显著提高其对极性小分子的吸附能力，与实验结果一致。
2.4.3 静电势
分子极性与其电荷密度分布紧密相关，体系电荷分布不均匀性是分子极性的重要体现，而静电势的分布直接决定体系的电荷分布，因此通过分析表面静电势分布的均匀性可以衡量分子的极性。图6为老化植物绝缘油中极性小分子的静电势分布，红色和蓝色分别代表正、负静电势。通过静电势颜色和电荷布局分析，极性小分子的静电势分布颜色更蓝更深，主要原因是氧原子的吸电子作用和孤对电子效应使得极性小分子具有更强的负极性。ZIF-8表面带有正电荷，通过静电吸引力可以增强其对极性小分子的吸附能力。
3 结论
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本研究通过实验和分子模拟研究了Al2O3和ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对植物绝缘油老化过程中产生的极性小分子物质（如甲酸、乙酸和甲醛）的吸附净化特性。结果表明，与Al2O3相比，ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对老化植物绝缘油中的极性小分子具有更强的吸附能力，可以有效降低老化植物绝缘油的酸值、介质损耗因数，提升体积电阻率和起始氧化温度，进而提升植物绝缘油的品质。分子模拟结果表明，极性小分子可以有效吸附在ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料的表面，ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对极性小分子的吸附作用比Al2O3更强。因此，采用ZIF-8/Al2O3复合材料对老化植物绝缘油进行吸附净化是一种有效的植物绝缘油再生技术。
基金
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  • 国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目(5211DS22000H)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2024年第57卷第5期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.05.011
  • 接收时间：2023-09-16
  • 首发时间：2025-12-22
  • 出版时间：2024-05-20
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  • 收稿日期：2023-09-16
  • 修回日期：2023-11-13
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国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目(5211DS22000H)
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    1重庆大学 输变电装备技术全国重点实验室,重庆 400044
    2国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,浙江 杭州 310014
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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