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Article(id=1203281563736842841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1203281560800830004, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.05.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1720540800000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-10, revisedDate=1733328000000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764814280685, onlineDateStr=2025-12-04, pubDate=1747670400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764814280685, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764814280685, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764814280685, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203281560800830004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2025', volume='58', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764814279985, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764814963861, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203284429251784784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1203281560800830004, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203284429251784785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1203281560800830004, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=9, endPage=14, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203281563996889701, articleId=1203281563736842841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Research progress of electrical laminated wood, columnId=1198667062026531195, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Review, runingTitle=null, highlight=

Electrical laminated wood is widely used in the field of transformer insulation due to its high mechanical strength, low dielectric loss factor, and dielectric constant close to transformer oil. However, its insulation performance is lower than that of laminated paperboard, and there is a significant risk of insulation accidents when it is used in high field strength area of transformer. In this paper, the raw material selection, processing technology, and current problems of electrical laminated wood were discussed and analyzed, and the influencing factors of its insulation performance were analyzed, providing references for improving the product quality of electrical laminated wood.

, articleAbstract=

Electrical laminated wood is widely used in the field of transformer insulation due to its high mechanical strength, low dielectric loss factor, and dielectric constant close to transformer oil. However, its insulation performance is lower than that of laminated paperboard, and there is a significant risk of insulation accidents when it is used in high field strength area of transformer. In this paper, the raw material selection, processing technology, and current problems of electrical laminated wood were discussed and analyzed, and the influencing factors of its insulation performance were analyzed, providing references for improving the product quality of electrical laminated wood.

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电工层压木因其机械强度高，介质损耗因数较低，介电常数与变压器油相近，被广泛应用于变压器绝缘领域。但其绝缘性能低于层压纸板水平，在变压器高场强区使用存在较大引发绝缘事故的风险。本文针对电工层压木的原料选择、加工工艺及目前存在问题进行探讨与分析，并剖析其绝缘性能的影响因素，为提升电工层压木的产品质量提供参考。

, articleAbstract=

电工层压木因其机械强度高，介质损耗因数较低，介电常数与变压器油相近，被广泛应用于变压器绝缘领域。但其绝缘性能低于层压纸板水平，在变压器高场强区使用存在较大引发绝缘事故的风险。本文针对电工层压木的原料选择、加工工艺及目前存在问题进行探讨与分析，并剖析其绝缘性能的影响因素，为提升电工层压木的产品质量提供参考。

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于文吉（1962-），男（汉族），辽宁大连人，研究员，主要从事木质重组材料的研究。
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孙忠海（1975-），男（汉族），内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，高级工程师，主要从事电工层压木的研究；

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孙忠海（1975-），男（汉族），内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，高级工程师，主要从事电工层压木的研究；

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孙忠海（1975-），男（汉族），内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，高级工程师，主要从事电工层压木的研究；

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性能参数国家标准[24]国产层压木(榉木)德国层压木(榉木)德国绝缘纸板
密度/(g/cm3)

0.7～0.9/0.9～1.1

1.1～1.2/1.2～1.3

1.211.251.23
含水率/%≤64.95.02.13
灰分含量/%≤0.5——0.43
吸油率/%≥5/8/15/208.77.015.7
静曲强度/MPa≥45/55/65/80156130—
弹性模量/GPa≥4.5/6/8/914.711—
抗拉强度/MPa≥115——141.6
抗压强度/MPa—245230—
垂直层向电气强度(90±2℃，油中)/(kV/mm)≥9/10/11/1213.115.0～18.340.7
平行层向击穿电压(90±2℃,油中)/kV≥50106.270～90—
), ArticleFig(id=1203365329704562862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1203281563736842841, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

电工层压木和绝缘纸板的性能对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性能参数国家标准[24]国产层压木(榉木)德国层压木(榉木)德国绝缘纸板
密度/(g/cm3)

0.7～0.9/0.9～1.1

1.1～1.2/1.2～1.3

1.211.251.23
含水率/%≤64.95.02.13
灰分含量/%≤0.5——0.43
吸油率/%≥5/8/15/208.77.015.7
静曲强度/MPa≥45/55/65/80156130—
弹性模量/GPa≥4.5/6/8/914.711—
抗拉强度/MPa≥115——141.6
抗压强度/MPa—245230—
垂直层向电气强度(90±2℃，油中)/(kV/mm)≥9/10/11/1213.115.0～18.340.7
平行层向击穿电压(90±2℃,油中)/kV≥50106.270～90—
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电工层压木研究进展
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孙忠海 1 , 张方达 2 , 于文吉 2 , 吉强 3 , 张亚杰 4 , 李国新 5 , 王丽华 6
绝缘材料 | 综述 2025,58(5): 9-14
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绝缘材料 | 综述 2025, 58(5): 9-14
电工层压木研究进展
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孙忠海1, 张方达2, 于文吉2, 吉强3, 张亚杰4, 李国新5, 王丽华6
作者信息
  • 1.康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司，天津 300380
  • 2.中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所， 北京 100091
  • 3.成都西电中特电气有限责任公司，四川 成都 611137
  • 4.保定天威集团特变电气有限公司，河北 保定 071051
  • 5.山东泰开变压器有限公司， 山东 泰安 271299
  • 6.特变电工沈阳变压器集团有限公司，辽宁 沈阳 110027

    • 孙忠海（1975-），男（汉族），内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，高级工程师，主要从事电工层压木的研究；

通讯作者:

于文吉（1962-），男（汉族），辽宁大连人，研究员，主要从事木质重组材料的研究。
Research progress of electrical laminated wood
Zhonghai SUN1, Fangda ZHANG2, Wenji YU2, Qiang JI3, Yajie ZHANG4, Guoxin LI5, Lihua WANG6
Affiliations
  • 1. Kang Liyuan Science & Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
  • 2. Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
  • 3. Chengdu XD Zhongte Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611137, China
  • 4. Baoding Tianwei Group Tebian Electric Co., Ltd., Baoding 071051, China
  • 5. Shandong Taikai Transformer Co., Ltd., Tiaian 271299, China
  • 6. TBEA Shenyang Transformer Group Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110027, China
出版时间: 2025-05-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.05.002
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摘要
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电工层压木因其机械强度高，介质损耗因数较低，介电常数与变压器油相近，被广泛应用于变压器绝缘领域。但其绝缘性能低于层压纸板水平，在变压器高场强区使用存在较大引发绝缘事故的风险。本文针对电工层压木的原料选择、加工工艺及目前存在问题进行探讨与分析，并剖析其绝缘性能的影响因素，为提升电工层压木的产品质量提供参考。

电工层压木  /  加工工艺  /  电气性能  /  封闭气室  /  氢气释放

Electrical laminated wood is widely used in the field of transformer insulation due to its high mechanical strength, low dielectric loss factor, and dielectric constant close to transformer oil. However, its insulation performance is lower than that of laminated paperboard, and there is a significant risk of insulation accidents when it is used in high field strength area of transformer. In this paper, the raw material selection, processing technology, and current problems of electrical laminated wood were discussed and analyzed, and the influencing factors of its insulation performance were analyzed, providing references for improving the product quality of electrical laminated wood.

electrical laminated wood  /  processing technology  /  electrical performance  /  closed air chamber  /  hydrogen release
孙忠海, 张方达, 于文吉, 吉强, 张亚杰, 李国新, 王丽华. 电工层压木研究进展. 绝缘材料, 2025 , 58 (5) : 9 -14 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.05.002
Zhonghai SUN, Fangda ZHANG, Wenji YU, Qiang JI, Yajie ZHANG, Guoxin LI, Lihua WANG. Research progress of electrical laminated wood[J]. Insulating Materials, 2025 , 58 (5) : 9 -14 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.05.002
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0 引言
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电工层压木属于特种胶合板，是人造板行业和绝缘材料行业交叉产生的一种过渡型绝缘材料[1-2]。由于电工层压木密度适中、机械强度高，具有与变压器油相近的介电常数以及较低的介质损耗因数，国外在20世纪60年代就开始将其作为特殊的绝缘材料用于变压器中，主要用于替代环氧玻璃布板、酚醛纸板和层压纸板制作的压板、托板、立木、导线夹和铁心阶梯垫块。图1是电工层压木及其系列产品[3-6]。我国电工层压木是从20世纪80年代后期逐步发展起来的。最早，沈阳变压器厂借鉴法国在制造油浸式变压器时使用电工层压木产品的经验，组织开展电工层压木的研发，并委托原黑龙江苇河林业局电工层压木厂开始试生产，一举打开变压器行业使用电工层压木的新局面[7]。随着电工层压木制备技术的不断更新升级，使用该材料加工的零件范围不断扩大，可运用到的变压器等级范围也从110 kV及以下拓展到220 kV以上，直至500 kV。实践表明，电工层压木作为一种新型绝缘材料，由于其具有低损耗、高性能、易加工、价格低廉、无污染的特性，越来越受到变压器厂家的关注，在变压器生产中有着广阔的应用前景[8-9]。但是其绝缘性能低于层压纸板，在变压器高场强区使用存在较大引发绝缘事故的风险。因此本文系统梳理电工层压木的制备技术及存在问题，以期为产业发展提供参考。
1 电工层压木制备技术
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电工层压木应用在变压器上需同时具备一定的绝缘强度和机械强度，因此，从木材原料和胶粘剂的选择到单板薄片的处理，再到热压工艺的确定，均有别于普通层积材。图2是电工层压木的制备工序[10-11]。
1.1 木材选择
为保证电工层压木的各项性能指标满足使用要求，对木材的选择需较为苛刻。首先树杈要少，以减少旋切造成的缺陷。其次，油脂含量要低，不污染变压器油，且便于树脂涂敷和浸渍；同时木酸含量要低，应为中性木材，不影响变压器油的酸值及介电性能。但是木材在旋切前仍需要经过高温蒸煮去除部分油脂和木酸。最后，要求木材资源丰富、价格便宜[12]。国内制备电工层压木一般选用桦木、色木、水曲柳或枫树等，西方国家一般采用山毛榉等木材。目前最常用的两种木材是桦木和山毛榉，山毛榉木材密度高于桦木，并且干缩系数低、不易开裂，用其生产的电工层压木性能指标优于国内白桦木材生产的电工层压木，可以满足高电压等级变压器的使用要求[11]。图3是山毛榉单板及其大致制备过程。
1.2 原木蒸煮
木材在旋切前需要经过高温蒸煮，一方面是为了软化木材，增加木材的可塑性和含水率，以降低旋切时的阻力，避免旋切开裂；另一方面可以有效去除木材中的油脂和有机酸等物质。木材中含有树脂酸、脂肪酸以及一些低分子有机酸，使得绝大多数木材呈弱酸性[13]，这些酸性物质与变压器油作用时会产生氢气。大量实验表明，有效的高温蒸煮，可以最大程度地避免木材与变压器油产生氢气。
1.3 单板处理
单板制备是电工层压木生产的关键环节，单板质量决定电工层压木的性能。传统工艺在电工层压木制造过程中无法克服层压木灰分含量高、变压器油浸透率低，以及使用过程中氢气超标等问题，导致层压木在高等级变压器中应用时频繁出现击穿等绝缘事故[14]。
变压器油具有绝缘、散热和消弧的作用，为了使变压器油充分浸入层压木中，就必须重视层压木组胚时的固有空腔、木材的细胞腔和纹孔的畅通[15]。如果组坯时单板的疤结等空腔未处理、对接或斜接造成局部重叠和间隔，则细胞腔通道被挤压堵塞或斜接被胶膜隔断，进而阻碍绝缘油的浸入。而气腔的介电常数小，会承受比变压器油、层压木以及层压木胶层高得多的场强，更容易发生局部放电，造成绝缘事故。此外，单板表面平整度和背面裂隙还会影响涂胶均匀性。
1.3.1 化学抽提
为彻底去除单板中的油脂和有机酸等浸提物，需要对单板进行特殊处理。有研究利用90℃六偏磷酸钠或氢氧化钠溶液蒸煮单板的方式去除单板内的灰分和加工过程中带来的杂质。蒸煮后，再使用去离子水对单板进行高压喷刷清洗。处理后的单板pH值为7～8，电导率≤8.32 mS/m，金属粒子染色污点少于5个/m2，灰分≤0.85%。通过化学抽提法不仅清除了单板中的灰分，而且去除了部分木材浸提物，疏通了木材管孔，提高了单板的渗透性[16]，增加了变压器油的浸渍率，降低了产生氢气的概率，最终综合提升层压木的整体性能。在蒸煮过程中所使用的蒸煮容器和干燥承托物均为不锈钢材料制成，以防止金属离子污染单板。
1.3.2 整板旋切
为避免组坯过程中单板搭接造成的管孔挤压堵塞以及搭接点局部密度过大的问题，采用超长旋切机将原木直接旋切成长度为3.1 m、宽度为1.6 m、厚度为1～3 mm的单板。用此单板制备的层压木经测试密度为1.1 g/cm3，然后进行浸油48 h，浸油深度大于69 mm[14]。整板旋切法对原木的要求较高，导致层压木制造成本也会提升。
1.3.3 单板修补
天然单板含有许多缺陷（如节子、虫眼和腐朽等），这些缺陷若不进行有效的修补就进行组胚，则会在层压板中部形成封闭的气腔，将大幅降低层压木的绝缘性能。通过对单板原材料的控制和认真筛选，以及利用挖补机将有缺陷的部位进行冲压去除，并将形状相同的补片以过盈方式冲压进待填补区域，可以避免单板上的缺陷[17]。
综上所述，单板经过化学抽提处理可以改善层压木的渗透性，同时降低其灰分和木酸含量；采用整张单板制备层压木可以避免单板搭接引起的管孔挤压堵塞以及搭接点局部密度过大的问题，进而提高层压木的电气强度，减少氢气产生和对设备的腐蚀。
1.4 胶粘剂
制备电工层压木采用的胶粘剂为醇溶性酚醛树脂，一般通过氨类催化合成，不含金属离子以及其他杂质，固体含量为60%～63%，水分含量为2%～4%，溶剂为甲醇类。醇溶性酚醛树脂具有较低的游离醛含量，分子量分布较窄，对单板具有很好的浸润性，同时该酚醛胶与变压器油的相容性试验显示不会产生氢气等特征性气体。单板涂胶量一般为300～320 g/m2。
1.5 单板干燥
单板涂胶以后，必须在60～80℃下进行4～6 h的干燥。该过程目的是有效去除单板中的水分，同时去除酚醛树脂中的游离酚和游离醛，控制挥发物含量在1%～2%。若干燥温度过低或干燥时间过短，则水分干燥不彻底，树脂挥发物去除不充分，层压木在高温压制过程中会出现封闭气室，影响层压板的力学性能和电气性能，甚至出现“放炮”分层现象造成废品。但如果干燥温度过高或干燥时间过长，易造成胶粘剂预固化，进而影响胶合效果[11]。大量的实验表明，未经过有效干燥的单板会与变压器油反应产生大量氢气。
1.6 组坯
根据产品性能要求，按照单板木纹方向，采用与木纹方向平行、正交或相切3种方式排列单板，如图4所示，并按照层压木厚度和密度要求，组坯成毛坯。
采用平行纹理组坯方式制备的层压木，其抗弯强度较高，在140 MPa左右，但其抗压强度只有约110 MPa，一般用在引线支架的位置。正交组坯方式是国内电工层压木厂最常用的，这种组坯方式制备的层压木抗压强度比第一种较高，但其抗弯强度比第一种在同一密度条件下稍低，一般用作铁心的级间垫块。第三种组坯方式是将单板加工为扇形，沿圆的切线方向组坯。用该组坯方式制备的层压木抗弯强度和抗压强度都比较高，一般用作绝缘压板。电工层压木密度对其浸油率和机械强度有较大影响。用于引线支架的层压木应采用低密度类型，即密度应在0.7～0.8 g/cm3，该类型层压木浸油率较高，在高电场下电气性能较好。而用于铁心的级间垫块、绝缘压板和绝缘螺母、螺杆、夹件的层压木应采用高密度型层压木[10]。
1.7 热压工艺
电工层压木热压是指带胶粘剂的板坯在一定温度、压力条件下作用一段时间，使胶粘剂固化粘接并达到预定规格要求成板的过程。热压是层压木生产的关键工序，既关系到层压木产品的质量和成品率，又关系到生产效率。
电工层压木生产时采用“冷进-冷出”的热压工艺。常用热压工艺参数如下：温度为135～140℃，压力为7～8 MPa，保温时间为2～3 min/mm。热压结束后通入冷水降温，直至层压木芯层温度为40℃后卸压，取出板坯和垫板，在室内平衡4～5 d，才可进行后续加工[18]。单板越厚，在施胶和热压过程中，胶液越难渗入到单板内部，层压木的机械强度和电气性能均难以提升。因此，对抗拉强度等性能指标要求较高的用于生产木质螺栓或螺母的层压木，通常采用厚度为0.35～0.60 mm的薄单板为原材料和更高的压力（15～20 MPa）进行热压[19-20]。得到制品后，需再经锯边、表面抛光、质量检验、端部防潮封边处理，其中出厂检验还需经过金属污染检测，杜绝产品表面和内部含有金属污染和杂质。
2 电工层压木性能
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早期技术生产的电工层压木密度较低，为0.75～0.85 g/cm3，机械强度和电气性能不理想，在使用过程中曾出现断裂、开裂、被击穿等现象，只能在110 kV及以下电压等级的变压器上使用[21]。目前，电工层压木已广泛用于220 kV电力变压器中，除高压首端的引线支架采用绝缘纸板外，其他位置的引线支架，如低压引线支架、绕组下部的垫板都可以采用电工层压木。GB/T 20634.4—2008规定电工层压木密度在0.7～1.3 g/cm3内分为4个等级，分别应用在变压器的不同部位[22]。当变压器电压等级在220 kV以上时，从降低成本的角度，绕组末端电压不高于110 kV时的绕组下部垫板或绕组上端部压板（绕组采用中部进线两路并联结构时）可以使用电工层压木，低压引线支架也可以使用电工层压木。
随着变压器电压等级的提高，变压器绝缘故障造成的经济损失和社会影响越来越大，使用电工层压木降低的成本远不足以抵消产生故障的损失，因此在一般情况下，电压等级高于500 kV的变压器上不推荐使用C2B和C3B类型的电工层压木，而是推荐使用T2R和T4R类型的电工层压木。目前国内电工层压木行业已有相关厂家进行了研发，并将生产的山毛榉材质层压板和托板分别应用到500 kV和750 kV的高电压等级变压器中，国外知名的变压器厂也一直在使用欧洲T2R和T4R类型的山毛榉电工层压木。
表1是国产榉木层压木和德国劳士领榉木层压木及绝缘纸板（厚度为3 mm）的力学性能和电气性能数据。从表1可以看出，绝缘纸板具备较强的抗拉强度，且含水率和灰分含量低，但是在特殊环境中的适应性不强。电工层压木比绝缘纸板具有更好的加工性，对其进行雕刻、钻孔和锯切等作业后，不会出现夹层之间断裂或起层现象。
同等密度下，国产电工层压木在浸油后的垂直层向电气强度比德国电工层压木低，比绝缘纸板低更多，这说明电工层压木不适合制作电气强度需求高的绝缘结构件。比较绝缘纸板和电工层压木的制备过程可知，绝缘纸板通常由未漂硫酸盐针叶木浆通过打浆、上网、成型、热压等工序制备[23]，主要将纤维素和半纤维素保存下来，其余细胞壁组分、浸提物和灰分等被脱除，因此，绝缘纸板和层压木的化学组成与内部结构均大不相同，导致层压木在绝缘性能上与绝缘纸板存在一定差距。另外，由于绝缘纸板和层压木都有很强的吸油性，但是层压木的密度更大，水分蒸发较慢，其吸油性能相比绝缘纸板略差，进而绝缘性能不如绝缘纸板。
3 存在的问题
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目前，电工层压木的制备技术已较为成熟，但仍落后于变压器的发展步伐。随着变压器的容量和电压等级不断提高，体积不断缩小，品种不断增多，层压木的缺陷也日渐凸显。例如，在某些体积较小的变压器中无法使用电工层压木产品，同时层压木也无法应用于大容量、高电压的变压器。究其原因，主要是单板中金属离子和木酸含量高，木材自身孔隙结构以及制备过程中产生的封闭气室使得电工层压木的电气强度难以达到绝缘层压纸板的水平，电工层压木使用过程中产生的氢气导致变压器长时间空载试验（出厂试验测试之一）前后的气体增长率限值超标，使得变压器存在过热或放电的风险[25-28]。尽管电工层压木生产成本低，性能却不及绝缘纸板，在变压器零部件中应用时，出现问题的概率要比绝缘纸板高，容易引起局部放电和绝缘螺栓击穿等绝缘事故[4,20]。因此目前在利用层压木制作变压器零部件时，一定要考虑电压的等级，尽量将层压木用于电压较低的部位。
4 结束语
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随着电力设备向高电压、大容量、小型化方向发展，电工层压木也面临更高的性能要求。要提升其在变压器中的绝缘可靠性和使用安全性，应系统从原料选择、加工工艺优化以及已有问题的应对方向进行综合考虑。
（1）在原料选择方面，应优先采用结构致密、干缩率低、油脂与木酸含量少的优质木材（如山毛榉、桦木等），并通过高温蒸煮有效去除油脂和酸性成分，减少后期绝缘油中的气体析出。
（2）在加工工艺方面，单板的质量控制至关重要。应尽量采用整板旋切以减少接缝，提高结构完整性，并引入化学抽提和单板修补工艺，进一步降低灰分和金属离子含量，提升单板的渗透性和电气性能。胶粘剂应选用高纯度、与变压器油相容性强的醇溶性酚醛树脂，并严格控制干燥、涂胶、热压等工艺参数，确保胶合强度与电气性能的统一提升。组坯方式应根据不同部位的应力与电气要求进行个性化设计，按照厚度和密度要求选用合理的组坯方式，提高整体结构性能。
（3）针对目前存在的封闭气室、渗透性不足、氢气释放、电气强度低于绝缘纸板等关键问题，应从材料微观结构调控入手，探索在层压木中引入新型绝缘填料或多相改性技术，以改善内部空隙结构，提高电气强度和绝缘稳定性。同时，也可考虑开发与变压器油更高匹配度的新型生物基或无机改性胶粘体系，以降低老化风险与气体析出量。
综上所述，未来电工层压木的提升路径应以高性能木材资源开发为基础，以精细化工艺控制为手段，针对制约性能提升的关键问题，开展材料结构优化与功能性增强技术研究，推动其在更高电压等级变压器中的应用拓展。
基金
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  • 国家重点研发计划子课题超薄单元重组材料制造技术项目(2021YFD2200601-7)
文献
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2025年第58卷第5期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.05.002
  • 接收时间：2024-07-10
  • 首发时间：2025-12-04
  • 出版时间：2025-05-20
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-10
  • 修回日期：2024-12-05
基金
国家重点研发计划子课题超薄单元重组材料制造技术项目(2021YFD2200601-7)
作者信息
    1.康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司，天津 300380
    2.中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所， 北京 100091
    3.成都西电中特电气有限责任公司，四川 成都 611137
    4.保定天威集团特变电气有限公司，河北 保定 071051
    5.山东泰开变压器有限公司， 山东 泰安 271299
    6.特变电工沈阳变压器集团有限公司，辽宁 沈阳 110027

通讯作者:

于文吉（1962-），男（汉族），辽宁大连人，研究员，主要从事木质重组材料的研究。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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